Assessment of propeller and off-road vehicle scarring in seagrass beds and wind-tidal flats of the southwestern Gulf of Mexico
S.R. Martin, C.P. Onuf, K.H. Dunton
2008, Botanica Marina (51) 79-91
We used aerial photography and GIS to establish a quantitative baseline of propeller and off-road vehicle (ORV) scarring in seagrass and wind-tidal flats of the upper Laguna Madre in the Padre Island National Seashore (Texas, USA). We also examined scar recovery through comparison of recent (2002, 2005) and historical (1967)...
The role of lecithin cholesterol acyltransferase and organic substances from coal in the etiology of Balkan endemic nephropathy: A new hypothesis
N.M. Pavlovic, W. H. Orem, C. A. Tatu, H.E. Lerch, J.E. Bunnell, G. L. Feder, E.N. Kostic, V.L. Ordodi
2008, Food and Chemical Toxicology (46) 949-954
Balkan endemic nephropathy (BEN) occurs in Serbia, Bulgaria, Romania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, and Croatia. BEN has been characterized as a chronic, slowly progressive renal disease of unknown etiology. In this study, we examined the influence of soluble organic compounds in drinking water leached from Pliocene lignite from BEN-endemic areas on...
Tectonic and magmatic evolution of the northwestern Basin and Range and its transition to unextended volcanic plateaus: Black Rock Range, Nevada
D.W. Lerch, E. Miller, M. McWilliams, J. Colgan
2008, Geological Society of America Bulletin (120) 300-311
The seismically active eastern and western margins of the northern Basin and Range have been extensively studied, yet the northwestern margin of the province remains incompletely understood. The Black Rock Range of northwestern Nevada straddles the transition from the Basin and Range province to the south and east, and flat-lying...
Analysis of an unconfined aquifer subject to asynchronous dual-tide propagation
K. Rotzoll, A. I. El-Kadi, S. B. Gingerich
2008, Ground Water (46) 239-250
Most published solutions for aquifer responses to ocean tides focus on the one-sided attenuation of the signal as it propagates inland. However, island aquifers experience periodic forcing from the entire coast, which can lead to integrated effects of different tidal signals, especially on narrow high-permeability islands. In general, studies disregard...
Cloned embryos from semen. Part 2: Intergeneric nuclear transfer of semen-derived eland (Taurotragus oryx) epithelial cells into bovine oocytes
L. Nel-Themaat, M.C. Gomez, C.E. Pope, M. Lopez, G. Wirtu, J.A. Jenkins, A. Cole, B.L. Dresser, K.R. Bondioli, R.A. Godke
2008, Cloning and Stem Cells (10) 161-172
The production of cloned offspring by nuclear transfer (NT) of semen-derived somatic cells holds considerable potential for the incorporation of novel genes into endangered species populations. Because oocytes from endangered species are scarce, domestic species oocytes are often used as cytoplasts for interspecies NT. In the present study, epithelial cells...
The imaging performance of the SRC on Mars Express
J. Oberst, G. Schwarz, T. Behnke, H. Hoffmann, K.-D. Matz, J. Flohrer, H. Hirsch, T. Roatsch, F. Scholten, E. Hauber, B. Brinkmann, R. Jaumann, D. Williams, Randolph L. Kirk, T. Duxbury, C. Leu, G. Neukum
2008, Planetary and Space Science (56) 473-491
The Mars Express spacecraft carries the pushbroom scanner high-resolution stereo camera (HRSC) and its added imaging subsystem super resolution channel (SRC). The SRC is equipped with its own optical system and a 1024×1024 framing sensor. SRC produces snapshots with 2.3 m ground pixel size from the nominal spacecraft pericenter height of...
Spatial patterns of ecohydrologic properties on a hillslope-alluvial fan transect, central New Mexico
D. R. Bedford, E.E. Small
2008, Catena (73) 34-48
Spatial patterns of soil properties are linked to patchy vegetation in arid and semi-arid landscapes. The patterns of soil properties are generally assumed to be linked to the ecohydrological functioning of patchy dryland vegetation ecosystems. We studied the effects of vegetation canopy, its spatial pattern, and landforms on soil properties...
Identifying habitat sinks: A case study of Cooper's hawks in an urban environment
R.W. Mannan, R.J. Steidl, C. W. Boal
2008, Urban Ecosystems (11) 141-148
We studied a population of Cooper's hawks (Accipiter cooperii) in Tucson, Arizona from 1994 to 2005. High rates of mortality of nestlings from an urban-related disease prompted speculation that the area represented an ecological trap and habitat sink for Cooper's hawks. In this paper, we used estimates of survival and...
Evolution of the Mazatzal province and the timing of the Mazatzal orogeny: Insights from U-Pb geochronology and geochemistry of igneous and metasedimentary rocks in southern New Mexico
J.M. Amato, A.O. Boullion, A.M. Serna, A.E. Sanders, G. L. Farmer, G. E. Gehrels, J. L. Wooden
2008, Geological Society of America Bulletin (120) 328-346
New U-Pb zircon ages, geochemistry, and Nd isotopic data are presented from three localities in the Paleoproterozoic Mazatzal province of southern New Mexico, United States. These data help in understanding the source regions and tectonic setting of magmatism from 1680 to 1620 Ma, the timing of the Mazatzal orogeny, the...
Net trophic transfer efficiencies of polychlorinated biphenyl congeners to lake whitefish (Coregonus clupeaformis) from their food
C.P. Madenjian, D.V. O’Connor, R.R. Rediske, J. P. O’Keefe, S.A. Pothoven
2008, Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (27) 631-636
Lake whitefish (Coregonus clupeaformis) were fed rainbow smelt (Osmerus mordax) in four laboratory tanks over a 133-d experiment. At the start of the experiment, 10 to 14 of the fish in each tank were sacrificed, and the concentrations of 40 polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) congeners within these fish were determined. Polychlorinated...
Hydrochemical characterization of groundwater in the Akyem area, Ghana
B. Banoeng-Yakubo, S.M. Yidana, Y. Anku, T. Akabzaa, D. Asiedu
2008, Journal of Environmental Hydrology (16) 1-12
The Akyem area is a small farming community located in southeastern Ghana. Groundwater samples from wells in the area were analyzed for concentrations of the major ions, silica, electrical conductivity and pH. The objective was to determine the main controls on the hydrochemistry of ground-water. Mass balance modeling was used...
Regional groundwater flow in mountainous terrain: Three‐dimensional simulations of topographic and hydrogeologic controls
Tom Gleeson, Andrew H. Manning
2008, Water Resources Research (44)
This study uses numerical simulations to define the salient controls on regional groundwater flow in 3‐D mountainous terrain by systematically varying topographic and hydrogeologic variables. Topography for idealized multiple‐basin mountainous terrain is derived from geomatic data and literature values. Water table elevation, controlled by the ratio of...
Influence of gravel mining and other factors on detection probabilities of Coastal Plain fishes in the Mobile River Basin, Alabama
C.-A. Hayer, E.R. Irwin
2008, Transactions of the American Fisheries Society (137) 1606-1620
We used an information-theoretic approach to examine the variation in detection probabilities for 87 Piedmont and Coastal Plain fishes in relation to instream gravel mining in four Alabama streams of the Mobile River drainage. Biotic and abiotic variables were also included in candidate models. Detection probabilities were heterogeneous across species...
Seabed mapping and characterization of sediment variability using the usSEABED data base
J.A. Goff, C.J. Jenkins, Williams S. Jeffress
2008, Continental Shelf Research (28) 614-633
We present a methodology for statistical analysis of randomly located marine sediment point data, and apply it to the US continental shelf portions of usSEABED mean grain size records. The usSEABED database, like many modern, large environmental datasets, is heterogeneous and interdisciplinary. We statistically test the database as a source...
Atmospherically deposited PBDEs, pesticides, PCBs, and PAHs in western U.S. National Park fish: Concentrations and consumption guidelines
L.K. Ackerman, A.R. Schwindt, S.L.M. Simonich, D.C. Koch, T.F. Blett, C.B. Schreck, M.L. Kent, D.H. Landers
2008, Environmental Science & Technology (42) 2334-2341
Concentrations of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), pesticides, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons were measured in 136 fish from 14 remote lakes in 8 western U.S. National Parks/Preserves between 2003 and 2005 and compared to human and wildlife contaminant health thresholds. A sensitive (median detection limit, -18 pg/g wet...
Effects of spatial resolution ratio in image fusion
Y. Ling, M. Ehlers, E.L. Usery, M. Madden
2008, International Journal of Remote Sensing (29) 2157-2167
In image fusion, the spatial resolution ratio can be defined as the ratio between the spatial resolution of the high-resolution panchromatic image and that of the low-resolution multispectral image. This paper attempts to assess the effects of the spatial resolution ratio of the input images on the quality of the...
Storm rainfall conditions for floods and debris flows from recently burned areas in southwestern Colorado and southern California
S.H. Cannon, J.E. Gartner, R. C. Wilson, J. C. Bowers, J.L. Laber
2008, Geomorphology (96) 250-269
Debris flows generated during rain storms on recently burned areas have destroyed lives and property throughout the Western U.S. Field evidence indicate that unlike landslide-triggered debris flows, these events have no identifiable initiation source and can occur with little or no antecedent moisture. Using rain gage and response data from...
Changes in stream chemistry and biology in response to reduced levels of acid deposition during 1987-2003 in the Neversink River Basin, Catskill Mountains
Douglas A. Burns, K. Riva-Murray, R.W. Bode, S. Passy
2008, Ecological Indicators (8) 191-203
Atmospheric acid deposition has decreased in the northeastern United States since the 1970s, resulting in modest increases in pH, acid-neutralizing capacity (ANC), and decreases in inorganic monomeric aluminum (AlIM) concentrations since stream chemistry monitoring began in the 1980s in the acid-sensitive upper Neversink River basin in the Catskill Mountains of...
Utilizing geochemical, hydrologic, and boron isotopic data to assess the success of a salinity and selenium remediation project, Upper Colorado River Basin, Utah
D. L. Naftz, T.D. Bullen, Bernard J. Stolp, C.D. Wilkowske
2008, Science of the Total Environment (392) 1-11
Stream discharge and geochemical data were collected at two sites along lower Ashley Creek, Utah, from 1999 to 2003, to assess the success of a site specific salinity and Se remediation project. The remediation project involved the replacement of a leaking sewage lagoon system that was interacting with Mancos Shale...
A review of the endemic Hawaiian Drosophilidae and their host plants
K.N. Magnacca, D. Foote, P. M. O’Grady
2008, Zootaxa 1-58
The Hawaiian Drosophilidae is one of the best examples of rapid speciation in nature. Nearly 1,000 species of endemic drosophilids have evolved in situ in Hawaii since a single colonist arrived over 25 million years ago. A number of mechanisms, including ecological adaptation, sexual selection, and geographic isolation, have been...
Effectiveness of lethal, directed wolf-depredation control in Minnesota
E. K. Harper, W.J. Paul, L.D. Mech, S. Weisberg
2008, Journal of Wildlife Management (72) 778-784
Wolf (Canis lupus) depredations on livestock in Minnesota, USA, are an economic problem for many livestock producers, and depredating wolves are lethally controlled. We sought to determine the effectiveness of lethal control through the analysis of data from 923 government-verified wolf depredations from 1979 to 1998. We analyzed the data...
Movements of wintering surf scoters: Predator responses to different prey landscapes
M. Kirk, Daniel Esler, S. A. Iverson, W. S. Boyd
2008, Oecologia (155) 859-867
The distribution of predators is widely recognized to be intimately linked to the distribution of their prey. Foraging theory suggests that predators will modify their behaviors, including movements, to optimize net energy intake when faced with variation in prey attributes or abundance. While many studies have documented changes in movement...
Observations of mixed-aged litters in brown bears
J. E. Swenson, M.A. Haroldson
2008, Ursus (19) 73-79
We report on 3 cases of mixed-aged litters (young born in different years) in brown bears (Ursus arctos); in 1 instance the cub-of-the-year (hereafter called cubs) died in the den. Two cases occurred in Sweden after mothers were separated from their young during the breeding season. In one, the mother...
Summer temperature variation and implications for juvenile Atlantic salmon
M. E. Mather, D.L. Parrish, C.A. Campbell, J.R. McMenemy, Joseph M. Smith
2008, Hydrobiologia (603) 183-196
Temperature is important to fish in determining their geographic distribution. For cool- and cold-water fish, thermal regimes are especially critical at the southern end of a species' range. Although temperature is an easy variable to measure, biological interpretation is difficult. Thus, how to determine what temperatures are meaningful to fish...
Early marine growth of pink salmon in Prince William Sound and the coastal gulf of Alaska during years of low and high survival
A.D. Cross, D.A. Beauchamp, K.W. Myers, J.H. Moss
2008, Transactions of the American Fisheries Society (137) 927-939
Although early marine growth has repeatedly been correlated with overall survival in Pacific salmon Oncorhynchus spp., we currently lack a mechanistic understanding of smolt-to-adult survival. Smolt-to-adult survival of pink salmon O. gorbuscha returning to Prince William Sound was lower than average for juveniles that entered marine waters in 2001 and...
