Retention and dimensional changes of evergreen brush piles within a flood control reservoir
C.A. Aldridge, D.M. Norris, H.R. Hatcher, G. Coppola, M.E. Colvin, Leandro E. Miranda
2022, Journal of Fish and Wildlife Management (13) 223-235
Brush piles (i.e., trees and large woody debris) are often installed in reservoirs to supplement fish habitat. The retention and dimensional change of brush piles after installation is important information that can be used to maximize the effectiveness of this management action. We evaluated the retention and dimensional change of...
Joint effects of climate, tree size, and year on annual tree growth derived using tree-ring records of ten globally distributed forests
Kristina J. Anderson-Teixeira, Valentine Herrmann, Christy Rollinson, Bianca Gonzales, Erika B. Gonzalez-Akre, Neil Pederson, M. Ross Alexander, Craig D. Allen, Raquel Alfaro-Sanchez, Tala Awada, Jennifer L. Baltzer, Patrick J. Baker, Joseph D. Birch, Sarayudh Bunyavejchewin, Paolo Cherubini, Stewart J. Davies, Cameron Dow, Ryan Helcoski, Jakub Kaspar, James A. Lutz, Ellis Margolis, Justin Maxwell, Sean M. McMahon, Camille Piponiot, Sabrina E. Russo, Pavel Šamonil, Anastasia E. Sniderhan, Alan J. Tepley, Ivana Vasickova, Mart Vlam, Pieter A. Zuidema
2022, Global Change Biology (28) 245-266
Tree rings provide an invaluable long-term record for understanding how climate and other drivers shape tree growth and forest productivity. However, conventional tree-ring analysis methods were not designed to simultaneously account for the effects of climate, tree size, and other drivers on individual growth, which has limited the potential to...
Carbon flux, storage, and wildlife co-benefits in a restoring estuary
Isa Woo, Melanie J. Davis, Susan E.W. De La Cruz, Lisamarie Windham-Myers, Judith Z. Drexler, Kristin B. Byrd, Ellen Stuart-Haëntjens, Frank E Anderson, Brian A. Bergamaschi, Glynnis Nakai, Christopher S. Ellings, Sayre Hodgson
Ken W. Krauss, Zhiliang Zhu, Camille L. Stagg, editor(s)
2022, Book chapter, Wetland Carbon and Environmental Management
Tidal marsh restorations may result in transitional mudflat habitats depending on hydrological and geomorphological conditions. Compared to tidal marsh, mudflats are thought to have limited value for carbon sequestration, carbon storage, and foraging benefits for salmon. We evaluated greenhouse gas exchange, sediment carbon storage, and invertebrate production at restoration and...
Landscape- and local- level variables affect monarchs in Midwest grasslands
Anna Skye Bruce, Wayne E. Thogmartin, Chris Trosen, Karen Oberhauser, Claudio Gratton
2022, Landscape Ecology (37) 93-108
ContextIt is estimated that over one billion milkweed stems need to be restored to sustain the eastern North American migratory population of monarch butterflies; where and in what context the stems should be placed on the landscape is key to addressing habitat deficits.ObjectivesWe assessed how the...
Quantifying status and trends from monitoring surveys: Application to Pygmy Whitefish (Prosopium coulterii) in Lake Superior
Adam S van der Lee, Mark Vinson, Marten A. Koops
2022, Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences (79) 795-802
Population assessments of fish species often rely on data from surveys with different objectives, such as measuring biodiversity or community dynamics. These surveys often contain spatial–temporal dependencies that can greatly influence conclusions drawn from analyses. Pygmy whitefish (PWF, Prosopium coulterii) populations in Lake Superior were recently assessed as Threatened by the...
A common garden super-experiment: An impossible dream to inspire possible synthesis
Travis E. Huxman, Daniel E. Winkler, Kailen A. Mooney
2022, Journal of Ecology (110) 997-1004
Global change threatens plant diversity and disrupts its interrelationship with ecosystem structure and function. This disruption in turn undermines confidence in the knowledge ecologists produce, and whether it will translate into multidisciplinary research settings or guide the effective management of natural lands.To address this challenge, ecology needs to consider...
Predicting regional fluoride concentrations at public and domestic supply depths in basin-fill aquifers of the western United States using a random forest model
Celia Z Rosecrans, Kenneth Belitz, Katherine Marie Ransom, Peter B. McMahon, Paul E. Stackelberg
2022, Science of the Total Environment (806)
A random forest regression (RFR) model was applied to over 12,000 wells with measured fluoride (F) concentrations in untreated groundwater to predict F concentrations at depths used for domestic and public supply in basin-fill aquifers of the western United...
Avian community response to a novel environment: Commercial forestry in the Campos grasslands of South America
J.A. Martinez-Lanfranco, Francisco Vilella, D.A. Miller
2022, Forest Ecology and Management (503)
Establishing commercial tree plantations in native grassland ecosystems introduces a different structural and functional vegetation cover type, with expected implications for biodiversity. To better understand biodiversity responses to afforestation, we conducted a resource-use study with birds as a focal group, during the 2013–2014 breeding season in the Northern Campos grasslands...
Grasslands maintain stability in productivity through compensatory effects and dominant species stability under extreme precipitation patterns
Wenlan Gao, Linfeng Li, Seth M. Munson, Xiaoyong Cui, Yanfen Wang, Yanbin Hao
2022, Ecosystems (25) 1150-1165
Extreme climatic events are likely to intensify under climate change and can have different effects on ecosystems depending on their timing and magnitude. Understanding how productivity responds to extreme precipitation patterns requires assessing stability and vulnerability during critical growing periods at the plant community level. In...
Feather corticosterone reveals developmental challenges in a long-term study of juvenile northern spotted owls
Katie Dugger, Ashlee J. Mikkelsen, Damon B. Lesmeister, Kathleen M. O’Reilly
2022, Functional Ecology (36) 51-63
Corticosterone is a steroid hormone integral to a variety of physiological pathways and is strongly associated with the vertebrate stress response. In avian species, circulating corticosterone is sequestered into developing feathers and is used as an indicator of energy allocation during feather growth and widely applied in conservation physiology.The...
Feather corticosterone reveals developmental challenges in a long-term study of juvenile northern spotted owls
Ashlee J. Mikkelsen, Damon B. Lesmeister, Kathleen M. O’Reilly, Katie Dugger
Ismael Galvan, editor(s)
2022, Functional Ecology (36) 51-63
Corticosterone is a steroid hormone integral to a variety of physiological pathways and is strongly associated with the vertebrate stress response. In avian species, circulating corticosterone is sequestered into developing feathers and is used as an indicator of energy allocation during feather growth and widely applied in conservation physiology.The...
Refinements to the Graves–Pitarka kinematic rupture generator, including a dynamically consistent slip‐rate function, applied to the 2019 Mw 7.1 Ridgecrest earthquake
Arben Pitarka, Robert Graves, Kojiro Irikura, Ken Miyakoshi, Changjiang Wu, Hiroshi Kawase, Arthur Rodgers, David McCallen
2022, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (112) 287-306
The main objective of this study is to develop physics‐based constraints on the spatiotemporal variation of the slip‐rate function using a simplified dynamic rupture model. First, we performed dynamic rupture modeling of the 2019 Mw 7.1 Ridgecrest, California, earthquake, to analyze the effects of depth‐dependent...
Hazard characterization for alternative intensity measures using the total probability theorem
Michael W. Greenfield, Andrew James Makdisi
2022, Earthquake Spectra (38) 1021-1046
Since their inception in the 1980s, simplified procedures for the analysis of liquefaction hazards have typically characterized seismic loading using a combination of peak ground acceleration and earthquake magnitude. However, more recent studies suggest that certain evolutionary intensity measures (IMs) such as Arias intensity or cumulative absolute...
Evidence-based guidelines for protective actions and earthquake early warning systems
Sara K. McBride, Hollie Smith, Meredith Morgoch, Danielle F. Sumy, Mariah Jenkins, Lori Peek, Ann Bostrom, Dare Baldwin, Beth Reddy, Robert M. de Groot, Julia Becker, David Johnston, Michelle Wood
2022, Geophysics (87) WA77-WA102
Earthquake early warning systems (EEW) are becoming increasingly available or in development throughout the world. With public alerting in Mexico, Japan, Taiwan, and parts of the United States, it is important to provide evidence-based recommendations for protective action so people can protect...
An assessment of current wolf Canis lupus domestication hypotheses based on wolf ecology and behaviour
L. David Mech, Luc A. A. Janssens
2022, Current Biology (52) 304-314
The dog was the first domesticated animal. Its derivation from grey wolves Canis lupus is important to the study of mammalian domestication, and wolf domestication is an active area of investigation. Recent popular books have promoted a hypothesis that wolves domesticated themselves as opposed to the...
Projected impact of sea-level rise and urbanization on mottled duck (Anas fulvigula) habitat along the Gulf Coast of Louisiana and Texas through 2100
J.A. Moon, S.E. Lehnen, K.L. Metzger, M.A. Squires, M.G. Brasher, B.C. Wilson, W.C. Conway, David A. Haukos, B.E. Davis, F.C. Rohwer, E.M. Wehland, B.M. Ballard
2022, Ecological Indicators (132)
Coastal wetlands along the Gulf of Mexico support a wide diversity of wildlife, are important nurseries for sport and commercial fisheries, provide erosion and flood control, and serve many other ecological functions and services. These marshes have been declining in area and degrading at alarming rates since the 1930s. Effective...
Applying assessments of adaptive capacity to inform natural-resource management in a changing climate
Lindsey Thurman, John E. Gross, Claudia Mengelt, Erik A. Beever, Laura Thompson, Gregor W. Schuurman, Christopher Hoving, Julian D. Olden
2022, Conservation Biology (36)
Adaptive capacity (AC)—the ability of a species to cope with or accommodate climate change—is a critical determinant of species vulnerability. Using information on species’ AC in conservation planning is key to ensuring successful outcomes. We identified connections between a list of species’ attributes (e.g., traits, population metrics, and behaviors) that...
Loss of branches due to winter storms could favor deciduousness in oaks
Richard Karban, Ian S. Pearse
2022, American Journal of Botany (108) 2309-2314
PremiseEcologists have an incomplete understanding of the factors that select for deciduous, evergreen, and marcescent leaf habits. Evergreens have more opportunities for photosynthesis but may experience costs when abiotic conditions are unfavorable such as during ice and windstorms.MethodsWe documented branch loss for species of...
Development of a multiplex fluorescence in situ hybridization assay to identify coinfections in young-of-the-year smallmouth bass
Heather L. Walsh, Vicki S. Blazer, Patricia M. Mazik
2022, Journal of Aquatic Animal Health (34) 12-19
Histopathological assessments of young-of-the-year (age-0) Smallmouth Bass Micropterus dolomieu in the Susquehanna River drainage identified a high prevalence of the myxozoan Myxobolus inornatus. This myxozoan infects the connective tissue of the muscle below the skin but is sometimes observed in the esophagus and buccal cavity. In some instances, shallow infections cause breaks in...
Genome-wide SNP analysis of three moose subspecies at the southern range limit in the contiguous United States
Jason Ferrante, Chase H. Smith, Laura Thompson, Margaret Hunter
2022, Conservation Genetics (23) 109-121
Genome-wide evaluations of genetic diversity and population structure are important for informing management and conservation of trailing-edge populations. North American moose (Alces alces) are declining along portions of the southern edge of their range due to disease, species interactions, and marginal habitat, all of which may...
Megafires and thick smoke portend big problems for migratory birds
Cory T. Overton, Austen Lorenz, Eric P. James, Ravan Ahmadov, John M. Eadie, Fiona McDuie, Mark J. Petrie, Chris A. Nicolai, Melanie L. Weaver, Daniel A. Skalos, Shannon Skalos, Andrea Lynn Mott, Desmond Alexander Mackell, Anna Kennedy, Elliott Matchett, Michael L. Casazza
2022, Ecology (103)
In 2020, the fire season affecting the western United States reached unprecedented levels. The 116 fires active in September consumed nearly 20,822 km2 (https://inciweb.nwcg.gov/accessible-view/ Accessed 2020-09-29) with eighty percent of this footprint (16,567 km2) from 68 fires occurring within California, Oregon, and Washington. Although the...
Range eclipse leads to tenuous survival of a rare lizard species on a barrier atoll
Jonathan Q. Richmond, Elijah Wostl, Robert Reed, Robert N. Fisher
2022, Oryx (56) 63-72
Rediscovery of living populations of a species that was presumed to be extirpated can generate new narratives for conservation in areas suffering from losses in biodiversity. We used field observations and DNA sequence data to verify the rediscovery of the Critically Endangered scincid lizard Emoia slevini on Dåno′,...
New-generation pesticides are prevalent in California's Central Coast streams
Mark W. Sandstrom, Lisa H. Nowell, Barbara Mahler, Peter C. Van Metre
2022, Science of the Total Environment (806)
Pesticides are widely recognized as important biological stressors in streams, especially in heavily developed urban and agricultural areas like the Central California Coast region. We assessed occurrence and potential toxicity of pesticides in small streams in the region using two analytical methods: a broad-spectrum...
Vertical movement of soluble carbon and nutrients from biocrusts to subsurface mineral soils
Kristina E. Young, Scott Ferrenberg, Robin H. Reibold, Sasha C. Reed, Tami Swenson, Trent Northen, Anthony Darrouzet-Nardi
2022, Geoderma (405)
Dryland ecosystems can be constrained by low soil fertility. Within drylands, the soil nutrient and organic carbon (C) cycling that does occur is often mediated by soil surface communities known as biological soil crusts (biocrusts), which cycle C and nutrients in...
The seismic hazard implications of declustering and poisson assumptions inferred from a fully time‐dependent model
Edward H. Field, Kevin R. Milner, Nico Luco
2022, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (112) 527-537
We use the Third Uniform California Earthquake Rupture Forecast (UCERF3) epidemic‐type aftershock sequence (ETAS) model (UCERF3‐ETAS) to evaluate the effects of declustering and Poisson assumptions on seismic hazard estimates. Although declustering is necessary to infer the long‐term spatial distribution of earthquake rates, the question...
