Seismic imaging of extended crust with emphasis on the western United States: Discussion and reply
Christopher J. Potter, Jill McCarthy, George A. Thompson
1991, Geological Society of America Bulletin (103) 1537-1542
No abstract available....
Sampling methods for amphibians in streams in the Pacific Northwest
R. Bruce Bury, Paul Stephen Corn
1991, Report
Methods describing how to sample aquatic and semiaquatic amphibians in small streams and headwater habitats in the Pacific Northwest are presented. We developed a technique that samples 10-meter stretches of selected streams, which was adequate to detect presence or absence of amphibian species and provided sample sizes statistically sufficient...
Nutrient limitation of clutch size in waterfowl: Is there a universal hypothesis?
R.D. Drobney
1991, Condor (93) 1026-1028
Lead toxicosis in tundra swans near a mining and smelting complex in northern Idaho
Lawrence J. Blus, Charles J. Henny, David J. Hoffman, Robert A. Grove
1991, Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology (21) 549-555
Die-offs of waterfowl have occurred in the Coeur d'Alene River system in northern Idaho since at least the early 1900's. We investigated causes of mortality and lead and cadmium contamination of 46 tundra swans (Cygnus columbianus) from 1987 to 1989; an additional 22 swans found dead in 1990 were not...
Role of exposure mode in the bioavailability of triphenyl phosphate to aquatic organisms
James N. Huckins, James F. Fairchild, Terence P. Boyle
1991, Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology (21) 481-485
A laboratory study was conducted to investigate the role of the route of triphenyl phosphate (TPP) entry on its aquatic bioavailability and acute biological effects. Three TPP treatments were used for exposures of fish and invertebrates. These consisted of TPP dosed directly into water with and without clean sediment and...
A modeling assessment of the thermal regime for an urban sport fishery
John M. Bartholow
1991, Environmental Management (15) 833-845
Water temperature is almost certainly a limiting factor in the maintenance of a self-sustaining rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss, formerly Salmo gairdneri) and brown trout (Salmo trutta) fishery in the lower reaches of the Cache la Poudre River near Fort Collins, Colorado, USA. Irrigation diversions dewater portions of the river, but...
Geographic and temporal variation in the diet of Yellow-headed Blackbirds
Daniel J. Twedt, William J. Bleier, George M. Linz
1991, The Condor (93) 975-986
Yellow-headed Blackbirds (Xanthocephalus xanthocephalus) are presumed predators of sunflower (Helianthus annuus) in the northern Great Plains. Their esophageal contents varied temporally and among three provinces and three states in relation to regional agricultural bases but males contained more sunflower and small grains than females whereas females contained more weed seeds...
U and Sr Isotopes in ground water and calcite, Yucca Mountain, Nevada: Evidence against upwelling water
J. S. Stuckless, Z. E. Peterman, D.R. Muhs
1991, Science (254) 551-554
Hydrogenic calcite and opaline silica deposits in fault zones at Yucca Mountain, Nevada, have created considerable public and scientific controversy because of the possible development of a high-level nuclear waste repository at this location. Strontium and uranium isotopic compositions of hydrogenic materials were used to test whether the veins could...
Picritic glasses from Hawaii
D.A. Clague, W. S. Weber, J.E. Dixon
1991, Nature (353) 553-556
Estimates of the MgO content of primary Hawaiian tholeiitic melts range from 8wt% to as high as 25wt% (refs 1, 2). In general, these estimates are derived from analysis of the whole-rock composition of lavas, coupled with the compositions of the most magnesian olivine phenocrysts observed. But the best estimate...
The Loma Prieta earthquake, ground motion, and damage in Oakland, Treasure Island, and San Francisco
Thomas C. Hanks, A. Gerald Brady
1991, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (81) 2019-2047
The basis of this study is the acceleration, velocity, and displacement wave-forms of the Loma Prieta earthquake (18 October 1989; M = 7.0) at two rock sites in San Francisco, a rock site on Yerba Buena Island, an artificial-fill site on Treasure Island, and three sites in Oakland underlain by...
Proposed U.S. Geological Survey standard for digital orthophotos
David Hooper, Vincent Caruso
1991, Conference Paper, 1991 ACSM-ASPRS Fall Convention
No abstract available....
Geochemistry and mineralogy of fumarolic deposits, Valley of Ten Thousand Smokes, Alaska: Bulk chemical and mineralogical evolution of dacite-rich protolith
J. J. Papike, T. E. C. Keith, Michael N. Spilde, K. C. Galbreath, C.K. Shearer, J.C. Laul
1991, American Mineralogist (76) 1662-1673
Samples from a fossil fumarole originating in the 1912 ash-flow tuffin the Valley of Ten Thousand Smokes have been analyzed to ascertain chemical changes resulting from high-temperature fumarolic alteration and subsequent cooling and weathering of the protolith. Samples of the underlying, dominantly leached, dacite-rich portion of the ash-flow tuff adjacent...
Regional side-scan sonar swath mapping: A tool for environmental monitoring
H. A. Karl, William C. Schwab
1991, Conference Paper, OCEANS 91 proceedings
No abstract available....
Global warming and prairie wetlands: potential consequences for waterfowl habitat
Karen A. Poiani, W. Carter Johnson
1991, BioScience (41) 611-618
The accumulation of greenhouse gasses in the atmosphere is expected to warm the earth's climate at an unprecedented rate (Ramanathan 1988, Schneider 1989). If the climate models are correct, within 100 years the earth will not only be warmer than it has been during the past million years, but...
Historic creep rate and potential for seismic slip along the Hayward Fault, California
J. J. Lienkaemper, G. Borchardt, M. Lisowski
1991, Journal of Geophysical Research (96) 18261-18283
The Hayward fault is considered the most likely source of one or more major earthquakes in the San Francisco Bay area in the next few decades. Historically, at least one, and probably two, major earthquakes (about M 6.8) occurred along the Hayward fault, one in 1836 and another in 1868. Little is...
Science, population ecology, and the management of the American black duck
James D. Nichols
1991, Journal of Wildlife Management (55) 790-799
This essay deals with the relevance of some of the ideas of Romesburg (1981) to population ecology and management of the American black duck (Anas rubripes). Most investigations dealing with the effects of hunting regulations on black duck populations have used the hypothetico-deductive (H-D) approach of specifying a priori hypotheses...
Geochemistry of dissolved inorganic carbon in a Coastal Plain aquifer. 2. Modeling carbon sources, sinks, and δ13C evolution
Peter B. McMahon, Francis H. Chapelle
1991, Journal of Hydrology (127) 109-135
Stable isotope data for dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC), carbonate shell material and cements, and microbial CO2 were combined with organic and inorganic chemical data from aquifer and confining-bed pore waters to construct geochemical reaction models along a flowpath in the Black Creek aquifer of South Carolina. Carbon-isotope fractionation between DIC...
Ground-penetrating radar: A tool for mapping reservoirs and lakes
C.C. Truman, L.E. Asmussen, H.D. Allison
1991, Journal of Soil and Water Conservation (46) 370-373
Ground-penetrating radar was evaluated as a tool for mapping reservoir and lake bottoms and providing stage-storage information. An impulse radar was used on a 1.4-ha (3.5-acre) reservoir with 31 transects located 6.1 m (20 feet) apart. Depth of water and lateral extent of the lake bottom were accurately measured by...
Fossil and genetic history of a pinyon pine (Pinus edulis) isolate
Julio L. Betancourt, William Schuster, Jeffry B. Mitton, R. Scott Anderson
1991, Ecology (72) 1685-1697
The most isolated northern stand of Colorado pinyon pine (Pinus edulis) at Owl Canyon, Colorado, USA has a broad and flat size class distribution common to population expansions, with the largest and oldest trees near the center of the grove. Analyses of fossil packrat (Neotoma sp.) middens within the grove...
Survival of postfledging female American black ducks
Jerry R. Longcore, Daniel G. McAuley, Catherine Frazer
1991, Journal of Wildlife Management (55) 573-580
We equipped 106 hatching-year (HY), female, black ducks (Anas rubripes) with transmitters during 1985-87 and monitored survival from late August to mid-December on a lightly hunted area on the Maine-New Brunswick border. The 1985-87 estimate of survival (hunting losses included) was 0.593, and when losses from hunting were censored it...
Modelling of turbidity currents on Navy Submarine Fan, California Continental Borderland
Anthony J. Bowen, William R. Normark, David J. W. Piper
1991, Book chapter, Deep-Water Turbidite Systems
Several Holocene turbidites can be correlated across much of Navy Fan through more than 100 sediment core localities. The uppermost muddy turbidite unit is mapped throughout the northern half of the fan; its volume, grain-size distribution and the maximum height of deposition on the basin slopes are known. These parameters...
Galileo infrared imaging spectroscopy measurements at Venus
R. W. Carlson, K. H. Baines, Th. Encrenaz, F. W. Taylor, P. Drossart, L.W. Kamp, James B. Pollack, E. Lellouch, A.D. Collard, S.B. Calcutt, D. Grinspoon, P.R. Weissman, W. D. Smythe, A.C. Ocampo, G. E. Danielson, F. P. Fanale, T. V. Johnson, H. H. Kieffer, D. L. Matson, T. B. McCord, L.A. Soderblom
1991, Science (253) 1541-1548
During the 1990 Galileo Venus flyby, the Near Infrared Mapping Spectrometer investigated the night-side atmosphere of Venus in the spectral range 0.7 to 5.2 micrometers. Multispectral images at high spatial resolution indicate substantial cloud opacity variations in the lower cloud levels, centered at 50 kilometers altitude. Zonal and meridional winds...
Images from Galileo of the Venus cloud deck
M. J. S. Belton, P.J. Gierasch, M. D. Smith, P. Helfenstein, P.J. Schinder, James B. Pollack, K.A. Rages, A.P. Ingersoll, K.P. Klaasen, J. Veverka, C.D. Anger, M. H. Carr, C. R. Chapman, M. E. Davies, F. P. Fanale, R. Greeley, R. Greenberg, J. W. Head III, D. Morrison, G. Neukum, C.B. Pilcher
1991, Science (253) 1531-1536
Images of Venus taken at 418 (violet) and 986 [near-infrared (NIR)] nanometers show that the morphology and motions of large-scale features change with depth in the cloud deck. Poleward meridional velocities, seen in both spectral regions, are much reduced in the NIR. In the south polar region the markings in...
Radiocarbon test of earthquake magnitude at the Cascadia subduction zone
B.F. Atwater, M. Stuiver, D.K. Yamaguchi
1991, Nature (353) 156-158
The Cascadia subduction zone, which extends along the northern Pacific coast of North America, might produce earthquakes of magnitude 8 or 9 ('great' earthquakes) even though it has not done so during the past 200 years of European observation1–7. Much of the evidence for past Cascadia earthquakes comes from former...
Crustal subsidence and extension and Medicine Lake volcano, northern California
Daniel Dzurisin, Julie M. Donnelly-Nolan, John R. Evans, Stephen R. Walter
1991, Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth (96) 16319-16333
The pattern of historical ground deformation, seismicity, and crustal structure near Medicine Lake volcano illustrates a close relation between magmatism and tectonism near the margin of the Cascade volcanic chain and the Basin and Range tectonic province. Between leveling surveys in 1954 and 1989 the summit of Medicine Lake volcano...
