Intragranular diffusion: An important mechanism influencing solute transport in clastic aquifers?
W.W. Wood, T. F. Kraemer, P.P. Hearn Jr.
1990, Science (247) 1569-1572
Quantification of intragranular porosity in sand-size material from an aquifer on Cape Cod, Massachusetts, by scanning electron microscopy, mercury injection, and epifluorescence techniques shows that there are more reaction sites and that porosity is greater that indicated by standard short-term laboratory tests and measurement techniques. Results from laboratory and field...
The quantitative determination of FeS2 phases in coal by means of 57Fe Mössbauer spectroscopy
B.J. Evans, Hobart M. King, John J. Renton, A. Stiller
1990, Hyperfine Interactions (57) 2187-2193
A knowledge of the concentration of pyrite and marcasite in coals can provide important insight into the genesis of coal deposits. Determinations of the relative amounts of pyrite and marcasite by traditional methods of coal analysis are, however, beset with many difficulties. Using 57Fe Mössbauer spectroscopy and a mild chemical...
Simulation of rockfalls triggered by earthquakes
Y. Kobayashi, E. L. Harp, T. Kagawa
1990, Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering (23) 1-20
A computer program to simulate the downslope movement of boulders in rolling or bouncing modes has been developed and applied to actual rockfalls triggered by the Mammoth Lakes, California, earthquake sequence in 1980 and the Central Idaho earthquake in 1983. In order to reproduce a movement mode where bouncing predominated,...
Unexpected hydrologic perturbation in an abandoned underground coal mine: Response to surface reclamation?
D. Harper, G.A. Olyphant, E.J. Hartke
1990, Environmental Geology and Water Sciences (15) 179-187
A reclamation project at the abandoned Blackhawk Mine site near Terre Haute, Indiana, lasted about four months and involved the burial of coarse mine refuse in shallow (less than 9 m) pits excavated into loess and till in an area of about 16 ha. An abandoned flooded underground coal mine...
A geochemical sampling technique for use in areas of active alpine glaciation: an application from the central Alaska Range
G.C. Stephens, E.B. Evenson, D.E. Detra
1990, Journal of Geochemical Exploration (37) 301-321
In mountainous regions containing extensive glacier systems there is a lack of suitable material for conventional geochemical sampling. As a result, in most geochemical sampling programs a few stream-sediment samples collected at, or near, the terminus of valley glaciers are used...
Ages of travertine deposits in eastern Grand Canyon National Park, Arizona
Barney J. Szabo
1990, Quaternary Research (34) 24-32
Travertine deposits in eastern Grand Canyon National Park, Arizona, are inferred to have formed under conditions of effective wetness that were greater than present. Uranium-series dating of 17 samples indicates that the deposits formed at about 15,000, 71,000, 111,000, 171,000, and 338,000 yr B.P. Intervals of travertine deposition are essentially...
H, O, Sr, Nd, and Pb isotope geochemistry of the Latir volcanic field and cogenetic intrusions, New Mexico, and relations between evolution of a continental magmatic center and modifications of the lithosphere
C.M. Johnson, P. W. Lipman, G.K. Czamanske
1990, Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology (104) 99-124
Over 200 H, O, Sr, Nd, and Pb isotope analyses, in addition to geologic and petrologic constraints, document the magmatic evolution of the 28.5-19 Ma Latir volcanic field and associated intrusive rocks, which includes multiple stages of crustal assimilation, magma mixing, protracted crystallization, and open- and closed-system evolution in the...
Rates of microbial metabolism in deep coastal plain aquifers
F. H. Chapelle, Derek R. Lovley
1990, Applied and Environmental Microbiology (56) 1865-1874
Rates of microbial metabolism in deep anaerobic aquifers of the Atlantic coastal plain of South Carolina were investigated by both microbiological and geochemical techniques. Rates of [2-14C]acetate and [U-14C]glucose oxidation as well as geochemical evidence indicated that metabolic rates were faster in the sandy sediments composing the aquifers than in...
Stability of giant sand waves in eastern Long Island Sound, U.S.A.
M.S. Fenster, D. M. FitzGerald, W.F. Bohlen, R. S. Lewis, C.T. Baldwin
1990, Marine Geology (91) 207-225
A combination of a highly accurate bathymetric surveying technique and in-situ submersible observations and measurements were used to assess the migrational trends and morphological changes of large sand waves (Ht ≤ 17 m) in eastern Long Island Sound. Although residing in a high-energy tidal environment characterized...
A comparison of geochemical exploration techniques and sample media within accretionary continental margins: an example from the Pacific Border Ranges, Southern Alaska, U.S.A.
S. J. Sutley, R.J. Goldfarb, R. M. O’Leary, R. B. Tripp
1990, Journal of Geochemical Exploration (37) 255-275
The Pacific Border Ranges of the southern Alaskan Cordillera are composed of a number of allochthonous tectonostratigraphic terranes. Within these terranes are widespread volcanogenic, massive sulfide deposits in and adjacent to portions of accreted ophiolite complexes, bands and disseminations of chromite...
Variations of electric resistance and H2 and Rn emissions of concrete blocks under increasing uniaxial compression
C.-Y. King, G. Luo
1990, Pure and Applied Geophysics PAGEOPH (134) 45-56
Electric resistance and emissions of hydrogen and radon isotopes of concrete (which is somewhat similar to fault-zone materials) under increasing uniaxial compression were continuously monitored to check whether they show any pre- and post-failure changes that may correspond to similar changes reported for earthquakes. The results show that all these...
Geological interpretation of combined Seabeam, Gloria and seismic data from Anegada Passage (Virgin Islands, north Caribbean)
I. Jany, Kathryn M. Scanlon, A. Mauffret
1990, Marine Geophysical Research (12) 173-196
The Anegada Passage (sensu lato) includes several basins and ridges from Southeast of Puerto Rico to the corner of the Virgin Islands Platform. Seabeam (Seacarib I) and Gloria long-range sidescan sonar surveys were carried out in this area. These new data allow us to propose an interpretation of the Anegada...
Perspectives on the international decade for natural disaster reduction
Walter W. Hays
1990, Earthquake Spectra (6) 125-145
Disaster preparedness and disaster mitigation are the goals of nations throughout the world during the 1990's. The United States will lead this cooperative effort and marshall its national resources to reduce the disaster potential of earthquakes, floods, windstorms, landslides, volcanic eruptions, tsunamis, and wildfires. These natural hazards cause annual losses...
Rupture process of a multiple main shock sequence: analysis of teleseismic, local and field observations of the Tennant Creek, Australia, earthquakes of January 22, 1988
G. L. Choy, J. R. Bowman
1990, Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth (95) 6867-6882
On January 22, 1988, three large intraplate earthquakes (with MS 6.3, 6.4, and 6.7) occurred within a 12-hour period near Tennant Creek, Australia. These earthquakes, which occurred over a small interval of time and within a small volume of space, present a unique opportunity to study the rupture process of the class...
U.S. Geological Survey DLG-3 and Bureau of the Census TIGER data. Development and GIS applications
Lawrence G. Batten
1990, Conference Paper
The U.S. Geological Survey has been actively developing digital cartographic and geographic data and standards since the early 1970's. One product is Digital Line Graph data, which offer a consistently accurate source of base category geographic information. The Bureau of the Census has combined their Dual Independent Map Encoding data...
Isotopic geochemistry of a mid-Proterozoic evaporite basin: Balmat, New York
Joseph F. Whelan, Robert O. Rye, W. De Lorraine, Hiroshi Ohmoto
1990, American Journal of Science (290) 396-424
No abstract available....
Monitoring land subsidence in Sacramento Valley, California, using GPS
J. C. Blodgett, M. E. Ikehara, Gary E. Williams
1990, Journal of Surveying Engineering (116) 112-130
Land subsidence measurement is usually based on a comparison of bench-mark elevations surveyed at different times. These bench marks, established for mapping or the national vertical control network, are not necessarily suitable for measuring land subsidence. Also, many bench marks have been destroyed or are unstable. Conventional releveling of the...
Isotopic studies of the Eye-Dashwa Lakes pluton and the long-term integrity of whole-rock and mineral systems
Zell E. Peterman, D.C. Kamineni
1990, Atomic Energy of Canada Limited, AECL (Report)
This report presents results of isotopic studies of the Eye-Dashwa Lakes pluton, located near Atikokan, Ontario. Suites of pristine 'unaltered' and 'highly altered' core samples from deep boreholes were used to study Rb-Sr, U-Th-Pb and Sr-Nd systematics, whole-rock Pb isotopes and fission track dating of apatite. The results have been...
Evaluation of gases, condensates, and SO2 emissions from Augustine volcano, Alaska: the degassing of a Cl-rich volcanic system
R.B. Symonds, William I. Rose Jr., T.M. Gerlach, Paul H. Briggs, R.S. Harmon
1990, Bulletin of Volcanology (52) 355-374
After the March-April 1986 explosive eruption a comprehensive gas study at Augustine was undertaken in the summers of 1986 and 1987. Airborne COSPEC measurements indicate that passive SO2 emission rates declined exponentially during this period from 380??45 metric tons/day (T/D) on 7/24/86 to 27??6 T/D on 8/24/87. These data are...
Sediment thickness in the southern Canada Basin
S. D. May, A. Grantz
1990, Marine Geology (93) 331-347
Multichannel seismic reflection data are used, in conjunction with deep crustal seismic refraction data, to estimate the thickness of sediments in the southern Canada Basin of the Arctic Ocean north of Alaska. The sediments are interpreted to be of Hauterivian (mid-Early Cretaceous)...
H2O grain size and the amount of dust in Mars' residual North polar cap
H. H. Kieffer
1990, Journal of Geophysical Research (95) 1481-1493
In Mars' north polar cap the probable composition of material residual from the annual condensation cycle is a mixture of fine dust and H2O grains of comparable size and abundance. However, metamorphism of such material will gradually lower its albedo by increasing the size of the H2O grains only. If...
Age of the Peach Springs Tuff, southeastern California and western Arizona
J. E. Nielson, D. R. Lux, G. B. Dalrymple, A. F. Glazner
1990, Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth (95) 571-580
Sanidine separates from pumice of the early Miocene Peach Springs Tuff are concordantly dated at 18.5±0.2 Ma by two isotopic techniques. The Peach Springs Tuff is the only known unit that can be correlated between isolated outcrops of Miocene strata from the central Mojave Desert of southeastern California to the...
Effect of anelastic and scattering structures of the lithosphere on the shape of local earthquake coda
B. Chouet
1990, Pure and Applied Geophysics PAGEOPH (132) 289-310
A simple model of single acoustic scattering is used to study the dependence of the shape of local earthquake coda on the anelastic and scattering structures of the lithosphere. The model is applied to the coda of earthquakes located near Stone Canyon, central California, and provides an explanation for the...
Platinum-group element abundance and distribution in chromite deposits of the Acoje Block, Zambales Ophiolite Complex, Philippines
G.C. Bacuta Jr., R.W. Kay, A.K. Gibbs, B. R. Lipin
1990, Journal of Geochemical Exploration (37) 113-145
Platinum-group elements (PGE) occur in ore-grade concentration in some of the chromite deposits related to the ultramafic section of the Acoje Block of the Zambales Ophiolite Complex. The deposits are of three types: Type 1 - associated with cumulate peridotites at the base of the crust; Type 2 - in...
Sediment movement along the U.S. east coast continental shelf-II. Modelling suspended sediment concentration and transport rate during storms
V.D. Lyne, B. Butman, W.D. Grant
1990, Continental Shelf Research (10) 429-460
Long-term near-bottom wave and current observations and a one-dimensional sediment transport model are used to calculate the concentration and transport of sediment during winter storms at 60-80 m water depth along the southern flank of Georges Bank and in the Mid-Atlantic Bight. Calculations are presented for five stations, separated by...
