Cartography at the U.S. Geological Survey: the National Mapping Division's cartographic programs, products, design, and technology
Charles E. Ogrosky, William Gwynn, Richard Jannace
1989, Report
The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) is the prime source of many kinds of topographic and special-purpose maps of the United States and its outlying areas. It is also a prime source of digital map data.One main goal of the USGS is to provide large-scale topographic map coverage of the entire...
Recent increases in atmospheric deposition of mercury to North-Central Wisconsin lakes inferred from sediment analyses
R.G. Rada, J.G. Wiener, M.R. Winfrey, D.E. Powell
1989, Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology (18) 175-181
Profiles of total mercury (Hg) concentrations in sediments were examined in 11 lakes in north-central Wisconsin having a broad range of pH (5.1 to 7.8) and alkalinity (-12 to 769 μeq/L). Mercury concentrations were greatest in the top 15 cm of the cores and were much lower...
Comparison of whole body and tissue blood volumes in rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) with 125I bovine serum albumin and 51Cr-erythrocyte tracers
W.H. Gingerich, R.A. Pityer
1989, Fish Physiology and Biochemistry (6) 39-47
Total, packed cell and, plasma volume estimates were made for the whole body and selected tissues of rainbow trout by the simultaneous injection of radiolabelled trout erythrocyte (51Cr-RBC) and radioiodinated bovine serum albumin (125I-BSA) tracers. Blood volumes were estimated with both markers separately by the tracer-hematocrit method and as the...
Plasma catecholamine concentrations in rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) at rest and after anesthesia and surgery
W.H. Gingerich, K.R. Drottar
1989, General and Comparative Endocrinology (73) 390-397
The effects of surgery and anesthesia on concentrations of plasma epinephrine (E), norepinephrine (NE), and dopamine (DA) were investigated in rainbow trout fitted with dorsal aorta cannulae. Baseline catecholamines (CA) concentrations, established in resting rainbow trout, were 1.55 ± 0.90 ϱmol/ml (X ± SD) for E, 2.07 ± 1.26 for...
Gill tissue reactions in walleye Stizostedion vitreum vitreum and common carp Cyprinus carpio to glochidia of the freshwater mussel Lampsilis radiata siliquoidea
D. L. Waller, L. G. Mitchell
1989, Diseases of Aquatic Organisms (6) 81-87
The glochidia of many freshwater mussels, which are obligate parasites on the gills, fins, and other body parts of specific fishes, attach to a suitable host, become encapsulated, and develop to the free-living juvenile stage. Using light and electron microscopy we compared gill tissue reactions in a suitable host (walleye...
Digital line graphs from 1:100,000-scale maps
Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey
1989, Data Users Guide 2
The National Cartographic Information Center (NCIC) distributes digital cartographic/geographic data files produced by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) as part of the National Mapping Program. Digital cartographic data files may be grouped into four basic types. The first of these, called a Digital Line Graph (DLG), is line map information...
The style of late Cenozoic deformation at the eastern front of the California Coast Ranges
Carl M. Wentworth, Mark D. Zoback
1989, Tectonics (8) 237-246
The 1983 Coalinga earthquake occurred at the eastern boundary of the California Coast Ranges in response to northeast directed thrusting. Such movements over the past 2 Ma have produced Coalinga anticline by folding above the blind eastern tip of the Coalinga thrust zone. The 600-km length of the Coast Ranges...
The evolution of forearc structures along an oblique convergent margin, central Aleutian Arc
Holly F. Ryan, D.W. Scholl
1989, Tectonics (8) 497-516
Multichannel seismic reflection data were used to determine the evolutionary history of the forearc region of the central Aleutian Ridge. Since at least late Miocene time this sector of the ridge has been obliquely underthrust 30° west of orthogonal convergence by the northwestward converging Pacific plate at a rate of...
The North American Midcontinent rift beneath Lake Superior from GLIMPCE seismic reflection profiling
W.F. Cannon, Alan G. Green, D. R. Hutchinson, Myung W. Lee, Bernd Milkereit, John C. Behrendt, Henry C. Halls, J.C. Green, Albert B. Dickas, G. B. Morey, Richard Sutcliffe, C. Spencer
1989, Tectonics (8) 305-332
The Midcontinent rift system is a 1.1-b.y.-old structure extending from Kansas, through the Lake Superior region, and into southern Michigan. The rift is filled with thick sequences of basaltic volcanic rocks and clastic sediments. For most of its extent it is buried beneath Paleozoic rocks but can be traced by...
Taconic plate kinematics as revealed by foredeep stratigraphy, Appalachian orogen
D. C. Bradley
1989, Tectonics (8) 1037-1049
Destruction of the Ordovician passive margin of eastern North America is recorded by an upward deepening succession of carbonates, shales, and flysch. A compilation of the age of shelf drowning (carbonate-to-shale transition) reveals the degree to which orogeny was diachronous both across and along strike. Shelf drowning occurred first at...
An improved method to monitor nest attentiveness using radio-telemetry
D.S. Licht, D.G. McAuley, J. R. Longcore, G.F. Sepik
1989, Journal of Field Ornithology (60) 251-258
An improved method of automatically monitoring nest attentiveness was designed and tested using radio-equipped American Woodcock (Scolopax minor). Shielded coaxial cable (RG-58) was extended from a receiver and placed 30 cm above the nest, with a 3.8 cm section of the inner wire exposed. Presence, absence, and activity of birds...
Food habits and organochlorine contaminants in the diet of black skimmers, Galveston Bay, Texas, USA
Kirk A. King
1989, Colonial Waterbirds (12) 109-112
More than 500 food items of nestling Black Skimmers were identified representing 18 species of fish and 2 invertebrates. DDE and poly-chlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) were the only contaminants consistently detected in the black skimmer diet, carcass, and egg samples. Eggs contained 14 times the level of PCBs detected...
Model-based estimates of annual survival rate are preferable to observed maximum lifespan statistics for use in comparative life-history studies
D.G. Krementz, J.R. Sauer, J.D. Nichols
1989, Oikos (56) 203-208
Estimates of longevity are available for many animals, and are commonly used in comparative life-history analyses. We suggest that annual survival rate is a more appropriate life history parameter for most comparative life history analyses. Observed maximum lifespans estimate complicated functions of survival and sampling probabilities. Annual survival rate estimates...
The relationship between body mass and annual survival in American Black Ducks
D.G. Krementz, J.E. Hines, P.O. Corr, Ray B. Owen
1989, Ornis Scandinavica (20) 81-85
No abstract available. ...
Aspects of the reproductive ecology and behavior of the tepui toads, genus Oreophrynella (Anura: Bufonidae)
R.W. McDiarmid, S. Gorzula
1989, Copeia (1989) 445-451
We report direct development for toads of the bufonid genus Oreophrynella, endemic to the tepuis of the Guayanan Highlands. Tepui toads place few (9-13), large (-3 mm diameter) eggs in a single or communal terrestrial nest. One communal nest found on Kukenan-tepui contained 102 toads (70 males, 30 females, 2...
Benefits, costs, and determinants of dominance in American black ducks
Gary R. Hepp
1989, Behaviour (109) 222-234
Behavioural dominance was studied in captive American black ducks (Anas rubripes) during October-December 1984. Eighty ducks were marked individually, and groups of 10 ducks consisting of 5 adults (3 males and 2 females) and 5 juveniles (3 males and 2 females) were assigned to each of 8 experimental pens. Ducks...
Sex and storage affect cholinesterase activity in blood plasma of Japanese quail
E. F. Hill
1989, Journal of Wildlife Diseases (25) 580-585
Freezing at -25?C had confounding effects on cholinesterase (ChE) activity in blood plasma from breeding female quail, but did not affect ChE activity in plasma from males. Plasma ChE activity of control females increased consistently during 28 days of storage while both carbamate- and cidrotophos-inhibited ChE decreased. Refrigeration...
Population trends of North American shorebirds based on the International Shorebird Survey
M.A. Howe, P.H. Geissler, B. A. Harrington
1989, Biological Conservation (49) 185-199
Shorebirds Charadrii are prime candidates for population decline because of their dependence on wetlands that are being lost at a rapid pace. Thirty-six of the 49 species of shorebirds that breed in North America spend most of the year in Latin America. Because populations of most species breed and winter at remote...
Environmental contaminants, human disturbance and nesting of double-crested cormorants in northwestern Washington
Charles J. Henny, L. J. Blus, S.P. Thompson, U.W. Wilson
1989, Colonial Waterbirds (12) 198-206
Double-crested Cormorants (Phalacrocorax auritus) in extreme northwestern Washington produced few young (0.27/occupied nest) in 1984; the clutch size was generally small and eggs, if laid at all, were laid later than usual. Residues (geometric means, wet weight) of DDE (0.58 and 0.59 ppm) in eggs from Colville Island and Protection...
Brain cholinesterase activity of nestling great egrets, snowy egrets, and black-crowned night-herons
T. W. Custer, H. M. Ohlendorf
1989, Journal of Wildlife Diseases (25) 359-363
Inhibition of brain cholinesterase (ChE) activity in birds is often used to diagnose exposure or death from organophosphorus or carbmate pesticides. Brain ChE activity in the young of altricial species increase with age; however, this relationship has only been demonstrated in the European starling (Sturnus vulgaris). Brain ChE...
Monitoring contaminant exposure: Relative concentrations of organochlorines in three tissues of American black ducks
Susan D. Haseltine, Russell James Hall, Paul H. Geissler
1989, Environmental Monitoring and Assessment (13) 11-19
Comparison of organochlorine residues in wildlife must often be made to regulatory standards or to values of known biological significance; this is difficult when dissimilar tissues are analyzed and results are expressed on different bases. To relate levels in the different tissues used for regulatory and monitoring purposes and...
Avian community response to small-scale habitat disturbance in Maine
E.L. Derleth, D.G. McAuley, T.J. Dwyer
1989, Canadian Journal of Zoology (67) 385-390
The effects of small clearcuts (1 - 8 ha) on avian communities in the forest of eastern Maine were studied using point counts during spring 1978 - 1981. Surveys were conducted in uncut (control) and clear-cut (treatment) plots in three stand types: conifer, hardwood, and mixed growth. We...
Pesticide contamination of endangered gray bats and their food base in Boone County, Missouri, 1982
R.L. Clawson, D. R. Clark Jr.
1989, Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology (42) 431-437
Gray bat guano from Devil's Icebox and Hunters Caves contained dieldrin at levels previously associated with gray bat mortality. Two of four gray bats found dead in Holton Cave had lethal brain concentrations of dieldrin. Twenty-five of 28 (86%) insect samples from bat foraging areas contained measurable dieldrin,...
Browse diversity and physiological status of white-tailed deer during winter
G. D. DelGiudice, L.D. Mech, U.S. Seal
1989, Transactions of the North American Wildlife and Natural Resources Conference (54) 134-145
Subtle differences in available food resources and diet diversity of white-tailed deer can be monitored via chemical analysis of urine deposited in snow as winter progresses....
Two new species of South American Centrorlenella (Anura: Centrolenidae) related to C. Mariae
G. Flores, R.W. McDiarmid
1989, Herpetologica (45) 401-411
Two new Centrolenella are described, C. azulae from the Cordillera Azul of Peru, and C. puyoensis from the Amazonian slopes of the Ecuadorian Andes. Centrolenella azulae is distinguished by its moderately large size, the presence of vomerine teeth, a snout truncate in dorsal view and slightly protruding in profile, a...
