Browse diversity and physiological status of white-tailed deer during winter
G. D. DelGiudice, L.D. Mech, U.S. Seal
1989, Transactions of the North American Wildlife and Natural Resources Conference (54) 134-145
Subtle differences in available food resources and diet diversity of white-tailed deer can be monitored via chemical analysis of urine deposited in snow as winter progresses....
Two new species of South American Centrorlenella (Anura: Centrolenidae) related to C. Mariae
G. Flores, R.W. McDiarmid
1989, Herpetologica (45) 401-411
Two new Centrolenella are described, C. azulae from the Cordillera Azul of Peru, and C. puyoensis from the Amazonian slopes of the Ecuadorian Andes. Centrolenella azulae is distinguished by its moderately large size, the presence of vomerine teeth, a snout truncate in dorsal view and slightly protruding in profile, a...
Contaminant residues in fish from Tensas River National Wildlife Refuge
Parley V. Winger
1989, Lake and Reservoir Management (5) 113-119
Tensas River National Wildlife Refuge, Madison Parish, Louisiana, consists of bottomland hardwood swamps interspersed with small lakes and bayous supporting a diverse assemblage of waterfowl, fish, and assorted species of game and nongame wildlife. Fish collected in the refuge in 1984–85 from areas receiving direct inflow from agricultural runoff contained...
Review of dynamic optimization methods in renewable natural resource management
B. Kenneth Williams
1989, Natural Resource Modeling (3) 137-216
In recent years, the applications of dynamic optimization procedures in natural resource management have proliferated. A systematic review of these applications is given in terms of a number of optimization methodologies and natural resource systems. Optimization methods are characterized by (1) the mathematical model used to describe a natural resource...
A technique to prevent capturing birds in unattended, furled mist nets
P.W. Sykes Jr.
1989, North American Bird Bander (14) 45-46
A technique was developed to prevent the inadvertent capturing of birds in unattended mist nets left in place for long periods of time. This was accomplished by placing furled nets on top of 9-inch wide strips of 30-pound roofing felt secured to the ground between net support poles....
Case histories of wild birds killed intentionally with famphur in Georgia and West Virginia
Donald H. White, L.E. Hayes, P.B. Bush
1989, Journal of Wildlife Diseases (25) 184-188
Five incidences of bird mortality in Georgia and West Virginia (USA) involving migratory waterfowl, cranes, raptors, corvids and songbirds were investigated during the first 6 mo of 1988. Gross and histopathologic examinations revealed no evidence of infectious or other diseases. However, severe depression of cholinesterase activity was evident in brains...
Analysis of trifluralin, methyl paraoxon, methyl parathion, fenvalerate and 2,4-D dimethylamine in pond water using solid-phase extraction
D. M. Swineford, A. A. Belisle
1989, Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (8) 465-468
A method was developed for the simultaneous extraction of trifluralin, methyl paraoxon, methyl parathion, fenvalerate, and 2,4-D dimethylamine salt in pond water using a solid-phase C18 column. After elution from the C18 column, the eluate was analyzed on a capillary gas Chromatograph equipped with an electron-capture or flame photometric detector....
Rise and fall of endrin usage in Washington state fruit orchards: Effects on wildlife
L. J. Blus, Charles J. Henny, R. A. Grove
1989, Environmental Pollution (60) 331-349
A study of the effects of endrin on wildlife was conducted from 1981 to 1983 in fruit orchards in central Washington State. The single post-harvest application of endrin as a rodenticide resulted in both acute and chronic toxicity to a variety of...
Accumulation of lead and organochlorine residues in captive American kestrels fed pine voles from apple orchards
Rey C. Stendell, W. Nelson Beyer, Robert A. Stehn
1989, Journal of Wildlife Diseases (25) 388-391
Pine voles (Microtus pinetorum) were collected from pesticide-treated orchards in New York and fed to 3 captive American kestrels (Falco sparverius) for 60 days to evaluate potential hazards from soil-borne persistent insecticides. Three control kestrels were fed uncontaminated laboratory mice (Mus musculus). The pine voles...
Selenium accumulation by raccoons exposed to irrigation drainwater at Kesterson National Wildlife Refuge, California, 1986
Donald R. Clark Jr., P. A. Ogasawara, Gregory J. Smith, Harry M. Ohlendorf
1989, Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology (18) 787-794
In February–March 1986, eight raccoons (Procyon lotor) were collected at Kesterson Reservoir (Merced Co., California), which had received selenium-contaminated irrigation drainwater, and four raccoons were collected at the nearby Volta Wildlife Area, which had not. Selenium concentrations in Kesterson raccoons averaged 19.9 ppm (μg/g dry wt) in liver, 28.3 ppm...
Survival and movements of molting male black ducks in Labrador
Timothy D. Bowman, J. R. Longcore
1989, Journal of Wildlife Management (53) 1057-1061
We marked 26 flightless male American black ducks with transmitters during the post-nuptial molt in northern Labrabor to determine survival and movements. Twelve ducks remained in the watershed where marked and 11 ducks moved to different watersheds. The period survival rate (PSR) for these flightless males was 0.89 using...
Breeding biology and habitat use of black ducks
R. Owen, J. Longcore, J. Ringelman, K. Reinecke, K. Hendrix
1989, Maine Agricultural Experiment Station Miscellaneous Publication (336) 261 (abs)
Forested wetlands are Important habitats for black ducks nesting in the Northeast. Invertebrates, with their high protein content, are primary foods of females during egg laying and for rapidly growing ducklings. Beaver-created and modified wetlands provide excellent habitat for feeding as well as protective cover. As these wetlands age, their...
Annual survival rates of breeding adult roseate terns
Jeffrey A. Spendelow, James D. Nichols
1989, The Auk (106) 367-374
Analyses of the capture-recapture data on 910 individual Roseate Terns (Sterna dougallii) trapped from 1978-1987 as breeding adults on nests on Falkner Island, Connecticut, estimate the average annual minimum adult survival rate to be 0.74-0.75. There was weak evidence of year-to-year variation in annual survival rates during the study...
Evaluation of the toxicity of marine sediments and dredge spoils with the MicrotoxR bioassay
G.T. Ankley, R.A. Hoke, J. P. Giesy, P. V. Winger
1989, Chemosphere (18) 2069-2075
The MicrotoxR bioassay was used to evaluate the toxicity of sediment and dredge spoil elutriates from several potentially-contaminated sites in Mobile and Pascagoula Bays. Elutriates were prepared using either local seawater or distilled deionized water (osmotically adjusted with NaCl prior to testing), and MicrotoxR assays were performed with the...
First record of the little tern, Sterna albifrons, from Hawaii
Roger B. Clapp
1989, 'Elepaio (49) 41-46
No abstract available....
Long-term persistence of dieldrin, DDT, and heptachlor epoxide in earthworms
W. N. Beyer, A. J. Krynitsky
1989, Ambio (18) 271-273
Earthworms can accumulate persistent soilborne insecticides and are an important source of contamination of terrestrail wildlife. We treated experimental plots once with dieldrin, DDT, or heptachlor, and measured changes in insecticide concentrations in earthworms over a 20-year period. We estimated 'half-times,' defined as the time for a concentration...
Lead poisoning and other mortality factors in trumpeter swans
L. J. Blus, R. K. Stroud, B. Reiswig, T. McEneaney
1989, Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (8) 263-271
Lead poisoning and other causes of mortality of trumpeter swans were investigated. Necropsies or Pb concentrations in livers were available for 72 trumpeter swans found dead in seven western states from 1976 to 1987; data from other published and unpublished sources also are summarized. Ingestion of lead artifacts accounted for...
Testing for differences among survival or recovery rates using program CONTRAST
J.R. Sauer, J.E. Hines
1989, Wildlife Society Bulletin (17) 549-550
A computer program was developed to implement the methods described by Sauer and Williams for multiple comparisons of survival or recovery rates...
Patterns of species co-occurrence of nesting colonial Ciconiiformes in Atlantic coast estuarine areas
J. A. Spendelow, R.M. Erwin, B. Kenneth Williams
1989, Colonial Waterbirds (12) 51-59
Patterns of co-occurrence of 11 species of nesting colonial Ciconiiformes in estuarine areas of the Atlantic coast from Maine to Florida were examined using Reciprocal Averaging and Detrended Correspondence Analyses. The first RA ordination axis categorized the species into two groups: species of large birds that often nest in...
Climbing performance of Harris' hawks (Parabuteo unicinctus) with added load: Implications for muscle mechanics and for radiotracking
C.J. Pennycuick, M.R. Fuller, L. McAllister
1989, Journal of Experimental Biology (142) 17-29
Two Harris’ hawks were trained to fly along horizontal and climbing flight paths, while carrying loads of various masses, to provide data for estimating available muscle power during short flights. The body mass of both hawks was about 920g, and they were able to carry loads up to 630 g...
Population ecology and harvest of the American black duck: a review
D. H. Rusch, C.D. Ankney, H. Boyd, J. R. Longcore, Frank Montalbano III, J.K. Ringelman, Vernon D. Stotts
1989, Wildlife Society Bulletin (17) 379-406
1. The purpose of our review was to examine available data on population trends and current status of black ducks and trends in natality and survival and to relate these, where possible, to changes in habitat, predation, disease, contaminants, harvest, and hybridization with mallards. 2. The number of black...
Solar radio-transmitters on snail kites in Florida
N.F.R. Snyder, S. R. Beissinger, M.R. Fuller
1989, Journal of Field Ornithology (60) 171-177
The effectiveness and safety of one- and two-stage solar radio-transmitters in tracking the movements and survival of adult and fledgling Snail Kites (Rostrhamus sociabilis) were evaluated between 1979 and 1983 in southern Florida. Transmitters were attached to birds with back-pack arrangements using teflon ribbon straps. Accessory plastic shields minimized feather...
Use of mixed-function oxygenases to monitor contaminant exposure in wildlife
Barnett A. Rattner, D. J. Hoffman, C. M. Marn
1989, Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (8) 1093-1102
This overview examines the utility of mixed-function oxygenase (MFO) enzymes as a bioeffects monitor for wildlife (amphibians, reptiles, birds and mammals) in view of their widespread use as indicators of contaminant exposure in aquatic invertebrates and fish. Phylogenetic trends in MFO activity, toxicological implications of induction and the relationship...
The Animal Welfare Act and the zoo: A positive approach
Glenn H. Olsen
1989, Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine (20) 135-137
Interpretations of the Animal Welfare Act and other regulations governing use of research animals in the United States are changing. Recent amendments to the Act have resulted in the inclusion of more species under the umbrella of regulation. The role of the zoo and wildlife veterinarian should be...
Population declines in North American birds that migrate to the neotropics
C.S. Robbins, J.R. Sauer, R.S. Greenberg, Sam Droege
1989, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (86) 7658-7662
Using data from the North American Breeding Bird Survey, we determined that most neotropical migrant bird species that breed in forests of the eastern United States and Canada have recently (1978-1987) declined in abundance after a period of stable or increasing populations. Most permanent residents and temperate-zone migrants did...
