Birds and environmental contaminants in San Francisco and Chesapeake Bays
H. M. Ohlendorf, W. James Fleming
1988, Marine Pollution Bulletin (19) 487-495
The direct and indirect effects of human activities, including environmental contamination, upon bird populations in San Francisco Bay and Chesapeake Bay are imperfectly understood, and few data are available. that allow a comparison of the contamination levels in birds from these two areas. Certain trace elements and organochlorine compounds have...
Effects of dietary fluoride on reproduction in eastern screech-owls
O. H. Pattee, Stanley N. Wiemeyer, D. M. Swineford
1988, Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology (17) 213-218
Sixty-six eastern screech-owls (Otus asio) were paired and randomly assigned to dietary treatment groups of 0, 40, or 200 ppm (mg/kg) fluoride (as sodium fluoride) in November 1981. Hatching success was adversely affected at the 200 ppm (mg/kg) level, suggesting potential detrimental impacts to wild populations exposed to fluoride pollution....
Postfledging survival of European starlings exposed as nestlings to an organophosphorus insecticide
K. L. Stromborg, C.E. Grue, J.D. Nichols, Gary R. Hepp, J.E. Hines, H. C. Bourne
1988, Ecology (69) 590-601
To test the hypothesis that exposure to organophosphorus (OP) insecticides reduces postfledging survival of altricial birds, 16—d—old European Starlings (Sturnus vulgaris) were weighed and orally dosed with corn oil containing 6.0 mg of dicrotophos per kilogram of body mass or an equivalent exposure of pure corn oil (controls). Two days...
Organochlorines and mercury in eggs of coastal terns and herons in California, USA
H. M. Ohlendorf, T. W. Custer, Roy W. Lowe, M. Rigney, E. Cromartie
1988, Colonial Waterbirds (11) 85-94
In San Franciso Bay, California, USA, concentrations of DDE and mercury in eggs differed among Caspian Tern, Forster's Tern, Black-crowned Night-Heron, and Snowy Egret in 1982. Geometric mean DDE concentrations were higher (P < 0.05) in Caspian Tern eggs (6.93 ppm, wet weight) than in eggs of other species (1.92-2.84...
Northern Alabama colonies of the endangered grey bat Myotis grisescens: organochlorine contamination and mortality
D. R. Clark Jr., F.M. Bagley, W.W. Johnson
1988, Biological Conservation (43) 213-225
From 1976 to 1986, dead and dying grey bats Myotis grisescens and grey bat guano were collected from caves along the Tennessee River in northern Alabama to determine the possible role of organochlorine chemicals — in particular wastes from a former DDT manufacturing plant near Huntsville—in the mortalities. Concentrations of chemical residues...
Response of urinary hydroxyproline to dietary protein and fasting in white-tailed deer
G. D. DelGiudice, U.S. Seal, L.D. Mech
1988, Journal of Wildlife Diseases (24) 75-79
The effects of dietary protein, fasting, and refeeding on urinary hydroxyproline of nine captive female white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) were examined from 23 February to 3 May 1984 in northern Minnesota. In the fasted group, mean hydroxyproline: creatinine (OHP:C) was greater (P< 0.05)...
Distribution patterns during winter and fidelity to wintering areas of American black ducks
Duane R. Diefenbach, James D. Nichols, James E. Hines
1988, Canadian Journal of Zoology (66) 1506-1513
The distribution patterns during winter of American black ducks (Anas rubripes) were compared among age – sex classes using band recovery data. In addition, fidelity to wintering areas was compared between sexes and between coastal and inland wintering sites. We did not find evidence of age- or sex-specific differences in...
Effects of krenite® brush control agent (fosamine ammonium) on embryonic development in mallards and bobwhite
D. J. Hoffman
1988, Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (7) 69-75
Fosamine ammonium (Krenite®) is a highly water-soluble carbamoylphosphonate herbicide used to control woody brush. It has been reported to be teratogenic to avian embryos following spray application of the eggs. The embryotoxic and teratogenic potential of Krenite was examined in mallards (Anas platyrhynchos) and bobwhite (Colinus virginianus). At 96 h...
Combined extraction-cleanup column chromatographic procedure for determination of dicofol in avian eggs
A. J. Krynitsky, C. J. Stafford, Stanley N. Wiemeyer
1988, Journal of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists (71) 539-542
Dicofol in avian eggs was completely oxidized to dichlorobenzophenone (DCBP) when a hexane Soxhlet extraction procedure was used. This degradation did not occur with other avian tissues (muscle and liver). For this reason, a combined extraction-cleanup column chromatographic procedure, without added heat, was developed for the determination of dicofol in...
Brain cholinesterase activity of apparently normal wild birds
E. F. Hill
1988, Journal of Wildlife Diseases (24) 51-61
Organophosphorus and carbamate pesticides are potent anticholinesterase substances that have killed large numbers of wild birds of various species. Cause of death is diagnosed by demonstration of depressed brain cholinesterase (ChE) activity in combination with chemical detection of anticholinesterase residue in the affected specimen. ChE depression is determined by comparison...
Length of stay and fat content of migrant semipalmated sandpipers in eastern Maine
P.O. Dunn, T.A. May, M.A. McCollough, M.A. Howe
1988, Condor (90) 824-835
Semipalmated Sandpipers (Calidris pusilla) stop at coastal staging areas in the Canadian maritime provinces and northeastern United States to replenish fat reserves before initiating a nonstop transoceanic flight of at least 3,200 km to wintering areas in South America. The relationship between estimated fat content at capture and length of...
Organochlorine residues in great blue herons from the northwestern United States
R. E. Fitzner, L. J. Blus, Charles J. Henny, D.W. Carlile
1988, Colonial Waterbirds (11) 293-300
We collected eggs or young Great Blue Herons from eight nesting colonies in the northwestern United States from 1977 through 1982. Subadults were collected at three estuarine areas in Puget Sound in 1981 and dead young or adults were collected at various localities. Nearly all samples analyzed contained organochlorine...
Simple, specific analysis of organophosphorus and carbamate pesticides in sediments using column extraction and gas chromatography
A. A. Belisle, D. M. Swineford
1988, Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (7) 749-752
A simple, specific procedure was developed for the analysis of organophosphorus and carbamate pesticides in sediment. The wet soil was mixed with anhydrous sodium sulfate to bind water and the residues were column extracted in acetonermethylene chloride (1:1, v/v). Coextracted water was removed by additional sodium sulfate packed below the...
Chemical analyses of deer bladder urine and urine collected from snow
G. D. DelGiudice, L.D. Mech, U.S. Seal
1988, Wildlife Society Bulletin (16) 324-326
Deer urine poured into snow yielded similar creatinine values for ratios with pertinent elements and compounds as did the urine removed from the bladder....
Reproductive effects of nest-marking studies in an American white pelican colony
D.E. Boellstorff, D. W. Anderson, H. M. Ohlendorf, E.J. O’Neill
1988, Colonial Waterbirds (11) 215-219
In 1981 and 1982 we studied the reproductive success of American White Pelicans in the Klamath Basin of northern California. We observed that reproductive success at one colony became reduced in 1981 when we entered that colony to collect eggs for chemical analysis and to mark nests for an...
Whooping crane recovery: Progress through research
J. W. Carpenter, D.G. Smith
1988, Zooview (22) 5
Cooperative efforts of the Canadian Wildlife Service (CWS), U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS), Wood Buffalo National Park in Canada, and Patuxent Wildlife Research Center have established a captive flock of whooping cranes, and at least two additional wild populations. Efforts have focused on research, habitat protection, law enforcement,...
Variance estimation for the Federal Waterfowl Harvest Surveys
P.H. Geissler
1988, American Statistical Association, Proceedings of the Section on Survey Research Methods (1988) 698-703
The Federal Waterfowl Harvest Surveys provide estimates of waterfowl harvest by species for flyways and states, harvests of most other migratory game bird species (by waterfowl hunters), crippling losses for ducks, geese, and coots, days hunted, and bag per hunter. The Waterfowl Hunter Questionnaire Survey separately estimates the harvest...
Conservation of Hawaii's vanishing avifauna
J. M. Scott, C. B. Kepler, Charles van Riper III, S.I. Fefer
1988, BioScience (38) 238-253
No abstract available....
Embryotoxic and teratogenic effects of selenium in the diet of mallards
D. J. Hoffman, G. H. Heinz
1988, Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health (24) 477-490
Mallards (Anas platyrhynchos) were fed a control diet, diets containing 1, 5, 10, or 25 ppm Se as sodium selenite, or a diet containing 10 ppm Se as seleno-DL-methionine in the first of two experiments. Selenium at 10 ppm as selenomethionine or 25 ppm as sodium selenite caused a 40-44%...
Selenium toxicosis in wild aquatic birds
H. M. Ohlendorf, A. W. Kilness, J. L. Simmons, R. K. Stroud, D. J. Hoffman, John F. Moore
1988, Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health (24) 67-92
Severe gross and microscopic lesions and other changes were found in adult aquatic birds and in embryos from Kesterson Reservoir (a portion of Kesterson National Wildlife Refuge), Merced County, Calif., during 1984. Adult birds from that area were emaciated, had subacute to extensive chronic hepatic lesions, and had excess fluid...
Selawik National Wildlife Refuge land cover mapping project users guide
Carl J. Markon
1988, Report
Title III of the Alaska National Interest Lands Conservation Act (ANILCA, 1980) established the Selawik National Wildlife Refuge (SNWR). Section 304 of the Act requires the Secretary of Interior to "prepare, and from time to time revise, a comprehensive conservation plan" for the refuge. Before developing a plan for the...
Migration, Harvest, and Population Characteristics of Mourning Doves Banded in the Western Management Unit, 1964-1977
R. E. Tomlinson, David D. Dolton, H.M. Reeves, J.D. Nichols, L.A. McKibben
1988, Fish and Wildlife Technical Report 13
Demographic Characteristics of a Maine Woodcock Population and Effects of Habitat Management
T.J. Dwyer, G.F. Sepik, E.L. Derleth, D.G. McAuley
1988, Fish and Wildlife Research No. 4
A population of American woodcock (Scolopax minor) was studied on a 3,401-ha area of the Moosehorn National Wildlife Refuge in northeastern Maine from 1976 through 1985. During 1976-83, from 4 to 64 clearcuts were created each year, opening up large contiguous blocks of forest. A combination of mist nets, ground...
National atlas of coastal waterbird colonies in the contiguous United States, 1976-82
J. A. Spendelow, S.R. Patton
1988, Biological Report 88 (5).
Peregrine falcon
R.W. Skaggs, D. H. Ellis, W.G. Hunt, T.H. Johnson
Richard L. Glinski, Beth Giron Pendleton, Mary Beth Moss, Maurice N.= LeFranc Jr., Brian A. Millsap, Stephen W. Hoffman, editor(s)
1988, Book chapter, Proceedings of the Southwest Raptor Management Symposium and Workshop
Since 1975, 101 peregrine falcon breeding sites have been documented in Arizona, New Mexico and western Texas. Eyries were found in either riverine or montane canyons, habitats which supported dense and diverse avian prey and provided structural characteristics that may increase prey vulnerability. Approximately 85% of the sites visited...
