Structure, age and origin of the bay-mouth shoal deposits, Chesapeake Bay, Virginia
Steven M. Colman, C. Rick Berquist Jr., C. H. Hobbs III
1988, Marine Geology (83) 95-113
The mouth of Chesapeake Bay contains a distinctive shoal complex and related deposits that result from the complex interaction of three different processes: (1) progradation of a barrier spit at the southern end of the Delmarva Peninsula, (2) strong, reversing tidal...
The solubility of noble gases in crude oil at 25-100°C
Yousif K. Kharaka, Daniel J. Specht
1988, Applied Geochemistry (3) 137-144
The solubility of the noble gases He, Ne, Ar, Kr and Xe was measured in two typical crude oils at temperatures of 25–100°C. The oil samples were obtained from the Elk Hills oil field located in southern San Joaquin Valley, California. The experimental procedure consisted of placing a known amount...
Radarclinometry: Bootstrapping the radar reflectance function from the image pixel-signal frequency distribution and an altimetry profile
R.L. Wildey
1988, Earth, Moon and Planets (41) 223-240
A method is derived for determining the dependence of radar backscatter on incidence angle that is applicable to the region corresponding to a particular radar image. The method is based on enforcing mathematical consistency between the frequency distribution of the image's pixel signals (histogram of DN values with suitable normalizations)...
Acid rain damage to carbonate stone: a quantitative assessment based on the aqueous geochemistry of rainfall runoff from stone
M.M. Reddy
1988, Earth Surface Processes and Landforms (13) 335-354
An onsite experimental procedure was used to identify and quantify acid rain damage to carbonate stone, based on the change in rain runoff chemical composition. Onsite data obtained during the summer and fall of 1984 at three locations in the northeastern United States indicate that carbonate stone surface recession is...
Migration of historical earthquakes in California
C.-Y. King, Z. Ma
1988, Pure and Applied Geophysics PAGEOPH (127) 627-639
Most large earthquakes of magnitude ???6.0 in California during 1852-1987 appear to show a southeast-to-northwest tendency of epicenter migration. This finding is consistent with earlier findings of Savage (1971) for a relatively few large earthquakes along the west coast of North America, and of Wood and Allen (1973) for smaller...
A New Species of Pulvinites (Mollusca: Bivalvia) from the Upper Paleocene Paspotansa Member of the Aquia Formation in Virginia
L. W. Ward, T.R. Waller
1988, Journal of Paleontology (62) 51-55
Pulvinites lawrencei n.sp. is described from the upper Paleocene (Landenian Stage) Paspotansa Member of the Aquia Formation in Stafford County, Virginia. This is the first report of a member of the pteriacean family Pulvinitidae in the Tertiary on either side of the Atlantic, the only other post-Mesozoic records of Pulvinites...
Seismic stratigraphy and late Quaternary shelf history, south-central Monterey Bay, California
J. L. Chin, H.E. Clifton, H.T. Mullins
1988, Marine Geology (81) 137-157
The south-central Monterey Bay shelf is a high-energy, wave-dominated, tectonically active coastal region on the central California continental margin. A prominent feature of this shelf is a sediment lobe off the mouth of the Salinas River that has surface expression.High-resolution seismic-reflection profiles reveal that an angular...
A test of uranium-series dating of fossil tooth enamel: Results from Tournal Cave, France
J. L. Bischoff, R.J. Rosenbauer, A. Tavoso, Henry de Lumley
1988, Applied Geochemistry (3) 145-151
A series of well preserved mammal bones and horse teeth was analyzed from archaeological levels of Tournal Cave (Magdalenian, Aurignacian, and Mousterain) to test the hypothesis that well-crystallized enamel behaves more as a closed system than does whole bone. The isotopic...
Experimental Marvin Windshield Effects on Precipitation Records in Leadville, Colorado
Robert D. Jarrett, Loren W. Crow
1988, Water Resources Bulletin (24) 615-626
An evaluation of the Leadville, Colorado, precipitation records that include a reported record-breaking storm (and flood) at higher elevations in the Rocky Mountains has indicated that the use of an experimental Marvin windshield (designed to decrease the effects of wind on precipitation-gage catchment of snow during winter) resulted in substantially...
Geometry of the Juan de Fuca plate beneath Washington and northern Oregon from seismicity
C.S. Weaver, G.E. Baker
1988, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (78) 264-275
Earthquake hypocenters within the subducting Juan de Fuca plate beneath Washington and northern Oregon are interpreted as showing that the direction of plate dip changes from northeast beneath the Puget Sound region to east-southeast beneath southwestern Washington. The shallowest hypocenters within the Juan de Fuca plate are between 30- to...
The mechanics of ground deformation precursory to dome-building extrusions at Mount St. Helens 1981-1982
W.W. Chadwick Jr., R.J. Archuleta, D. A. Swanson
1988, Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth (93) 4351-4366
Detailed monitoring at Mount St. Helens since 1980 has enabled prediction of the intermittent eruptive activity (mostly dome growth) with unprecedented success. During 1981 and 1982, accelerating deformation of the crater floor around the vent (including radial cracks, thrust faults, and ground tilt) was the earliest indicator of impending activity....
A statistical method for estimating rates of soil development and ages of geologic deposits: A design for soil-chronosequence studies
P. Switzer, J.W. Harden, R. K. Mark
1988, Mathematical Geology (20) 49-61
A statistical method for estimating rates of soil development in a given region based on calibration from a series of dated soils is used to estimate ages of soils in the same region that are not dated directly. The method is designed specifically to account for sampling procedures and uncertainties...
Pb, Sr, and Nd isotopic compositions of a suite of Late Archean, igneous rocks, eastern Beartooth Mountains: Implications for crust-mantle evolution
J. L. Wooden, P.A. Mueller
1988, Earth and Planetary Science Letters (87) 59-72
A series of compositionally diverse, Late Archean rocks (2.74–2.79 Ga old) from the eastern Beartooth Mountains, Montana and Wyoming, U.S.A., have the same initial Pb, Sr, and Nd isotopic ratios. Lead and Sr initial ratios are higher and Nd initial ratios...
Processes affecting the distribution of selenium in shallow groundwater of agricultural areas, western San Joaquin Valley, California
S. J. Deverel, Roger Fujii
1988, Water Resources Research (24) 516-524
A study was undertaken to evaluate the processes affecting the chemistry of shallow groundwater associated with agricultural drainage systems in the western San Joaquin Valley, California. The study was prompted by a need for an understanding of selenium mobility in areas having high selenium concentrations in shallow groundwater. Groundwater samples...
Forecast model for great earthquakes at the Nankai Trough subduction zone
W.D. Stuart
1988, Pure and Applied Geophysics PAGEOPH (126) 619-641
An earthquake instability model is formulated for recurring great earthquakes at the Nankai Trough subduction zone in southwest Japan. The model is quasistatic, two-dimensional, and has a displacement and velocity dependent constitutive law applied at the fault plane. A constant rate of fault slip at depth represents forcing due to...
Distribution, variability, and impacts of trace elements in San Francisco Bay
Samuel N. Luoma, D.J.H. Phillips
1988, Marine Pollution Bulletin (19) 413-425
No abstract available....
An economic and geographic appraisal of a spatial natural hazard risk: a study of landslide mitigation rules
R. L. Bernknopf, D.S. Brookshire, R. H. Campbell, C.D. Shapiro
1988, Environment and Planning A (20) 621-631
Efficient mitigation of natural hazards requires a spatial representation of the risk, based upon the geographic distribution of physical parameters and man-related development activities. Through such a representation, the spatial probability of landslides based upon physical science concepts is estimated for Cincinnati, Ohio. Mitigation programs designed to reduce loss from...
Using laser micro mass spectrometry with the LAMMA-1000 instrument for monitoring relative elemental concentrations in vitrinite
J.J. Morelli, D.M. Hercules, P.C. Lyons, C.A. Palmer, J.D. Fletcher
1988, Mikrochimica Acta (96) 105-118
The variation in relative elemental concentrations among a series of coal macerals belonging to the vitrinite maceral group was determined using laser micro mass spectrometry (LAMMS). Variations in Ba, Cr, Ga, Sr, Ti, and V concentrations among the coals were determined using the LAMM A-1000 instrument. LAMMS analysis is not...
Anomalous shear wave attenuation in the shallow crust beneath the Coso volcanic region, California
C. Sanders, P. Ho-Liu, D. Rinn, Kanamori Hiroo
1988, Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth (93) 3321-3338
We use seismograms of local earthquakes to image relative shear wave attenuation structure in the shallow crust beneath the region containing the Coso volcanic-geothermal area of eastern California. SV and P wave amplitudes were measured from vertical component seismograms of earthquakes that occurred in the Cososouthem Sierra Nevada region from July 1983 to August...
Range indices of geomagnetic activity
W.F. Stuart, A.W. Green Jr.
1988, Journal of Atmospheric and Terrestrial Physics (50) 501-506
The simplest index of geomagnetic activity is the range in nT from maximum to minimum value of the field in a given time interval. The hourly range R was recommended by IAGA for use at observatories at latitudes greater than 65??, but was superceded by AE. The most used geomagnetic...
Estimation of urban stormwater quality
Marshall E. Jennings, Gary D. Tasker
1988, Conference Paper
Two data-based methods for estimating urban stormwater quality have recently been made available - a planning level method developed by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), and a nationwide regression method developed by the U.S. Geological Survey. Each method uses urban stormwater water-quality constituent data collected for the Nationwide Urban...
Permeability of rock samples from Cajon Pass, California
C. Morrow, J. Byerlee
1988, Geophysical Research Letters (15) 1033-1036
Hydrologic rock properties are important to the debate about the state of stress and heat flow regime of the San Andreas fault. In particular, these properties are pertinent to whether frictional heat generated by high shear stresses can be convected away by circulating ground water,...
Mineral and whole-rock compositions of seawater-dominated hydrothermal alteration at the Arctic volcanogenic massive sulfide prospect, Alaska
J.M. Schmidt
1988, Economic Geology (83) 822-842
The Arctic volcanogenic massive sulfide prospect, located in the Ambler mineral district of northwestern Alaska, includes three types of hydrothermally altered rocks overlying, underlying, and interlayered with semimassive sulfide mineralization. Hydrothermal alteration of wall rocks and deposition of sulfide and gangue minerals were contemporaneous with Late Devonian or Early Mississippian...
Cycle of earthquake-induced aggradation and related tidal channel shifting, upper Turnagain Arm, Alaska, USA.
S. Bartsch-Winkler
1988, Sedimentology (35) 621-628
Aggradation of intertidal sediment in upper Turnagain Arm, a macrotidal estuary located in southern Alaska near Anchorage, began because of subsidence caused by sediment consolidation and tectonic lowering of the land during the earthquake of March 27, 1964. At the head of the Arm, decrease in percent sand of surface...
Detection of tannins in modern and fossil barks and in plant residues by high-resolution solid-state 13C nuclear magnetic resonance
M. A. Wilson, Patrick G. Hatcher
1988, Organic Geochemistry (12) 539-546
Bark samples isolated from brown coal deposits in Victoria, Australia, and buried wood from Rhizophora mangle have been studies by high-resolution solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) techniques. Dipolar dephasing 13C NMR appears to be a useful method of detecting the presence of tannins in geochemical samples including barks, buried woods, peats and leaf...
