Slumping and shallow faulting related to the presence of salt on the Continental Slope and rise off North Carolina
K. V. Cashman, P. Popenoe
1985, Marine and Petroleum Geology (2) 260-271
Seismic reflection profiles and long- and medium-range sidescan sonar were used to investigate a salt diapir complex and area of slope instability near the base of the Continental Slope off North Carolina. Within the area of investigation three diapirs are bounded on their upslope side by a scarp 60 m...
Petrogenesis of the magmatic complex at Mount Ascutney, Vermont, USA - I. Assimilation of crust by mafic magmas based on Sr and O isotopic and major element relationships
K.A. Foland, C.M.B. Henderson, J. Gleason
1985, Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology (90) 331-345
The Ascutney Mountain igneous complex in eastern Vermont, USA, is composed of three principal units with compositions ranging from gabbro to granite. Sr and O isotopic and major element relationships for mafic rocks, granites, and nearby gneissic and schistose country rock have been investigated in order to describe the petrogenesis...
Composition and morphology of ferromanganese coatings on glacial erratics in Lydonia Canyon, United States East Coast
L.J. Poppe, Dennis W. O’Leary, R.F. Commeau
1985, Geo-Marine Letters (5) 127-133
Ferromanganese coatings have been found on glacial erratics in Lydonia Canyon, off the United States northeastern coast. The coatings, which are about 17 ??m thick, consist of an outer manganese-rich layer which covers the top of the erratic, a middle transitional layer, and an internal iron-rich layer that encircles the...
Middle Proterozoic uplift events in the Dunbar dome of northeastern Wisconsin, USA
Z. E. Peterman, P.K. Sims, R. E. Zartman, K. J. Schulz
1985, Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology (91) 138-150
Isotopic ages of granitic and metamorphic rocks exposed in the Dunbar structural dome of northeastern Wisconsin identify a protracted series of tectonic and "hydrothermal" events that culminated in major regional uplift during Middle Proterozoic (Keweenawan; ca 1,100 Ma) continental rifting and volcanism. The major rock-forming events and the structural development...
USGS Telecommunications Responding to Change
James L. Hott
1985, Journal of Surveying Engineering (111) 14-22
The telecommunications industry is undergoing tremendous change due to the court ordered breakup of the monopoly once enjoyed by American Telephone & Telegraph (AT&T). This action has resulted in a plethora of new services and products in all of the communications fields, including traditional voice and data. The new products...
Comparison of methods for estimating ground-water pumpage for irrigation
Steven A. Frenzel
1985, Groundwater (23) 220-226
Ground-water pumpage for irrigation was measured at 32 sites on the eastern Snake River Plain in southern Idaho during 1983. Pumpage at these sites also was estimated by three commonly used methods, and pumpage estimates were compared to measured values to determine the accuracy...
A two-dimensional dam-break flood plain model
T. V. Hromadka II, C. E. Berenbrock, J. R. Freckleton, G. L. Guymon
1985, Advances in Water Resources (8) 7-14
A simple two-dimensional dam-break model is developed for flood plain study purposes. Both a finite difference grid and an irregular triangle element integrated finite difference formulation are presented. The governing flow equations are approximately solved as a diffusion model coupled to the equation of continuity. Application of the model to...
Degradation of carbohydrates and lignins in buried woods
J. I. Hedges, G.L. Cowie, J.R. Ertel, Barbour R. James, Patrick G. Hatcher
1985, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta (49) 701-711
Spruce, alder, and oak woods deposited in coastal sediments were characterized versus their modern counterparts by quantification of individual neutral sugars and lignin-derived phenols as well as by scanning electron microscopy, 13C NMR, and elemental analysis. The buried spruce wood from a 2500 yr old deposit was unaltered whereas an alder wood from...
Remotely sensed limonite anomaly on Lordsburg Mesa, New Mexico: Possible implications for uranium deposits
G. L. Raines, J. A. Erdman, J. H. McCarthy, G.M. Reimer
1985, Economic Geology (80) 575-590
We have identified a large, anomalously limonitic area in Cenozoic gravels on Lordsburg Mesa near Lordsburg, New Mexico, using Landsat images. Our interpretation of the geophysical and geochemical data suggests the exploration hypothesis that the Lordsburg Mesa limonite anomaly is the surface expression of a chemical trap that may contain...
Remote sensing; a geophysical perspective
K. Watson
1985, Geophysics (50) 2595-2610
In this review of developments in the field of remote sensing from a geophysical perspective, the subject is limited to the electromagnetic spectrum from 0.4 mu m to 25 cm. Three broad energy categories are covered: solar reflected, thermal infrared, and microwave.The reflected solar region has been the most intensely...
Installation of observation wells on hazardous waste sites in Kansas using a hollow-stem auger
C. A. Perry, R. J. Hart
1985, Ground Water Monitoring and Remediation (5) 70-73
Noncontaminating procedures were used during the hollow-stem auger installation of 12 observation wells on three hazardous waste sites in Kansas. Special precautions were taken to ensure that water samples were representative of the ground water in the aquifer and were not subjected to contamination from the land surface or cross...
Forecasts and predictions of eruptive activity at Mount St. Helens, USA: 1975-1984
D. A. Swanson, T. J. Casadevall, D. Dzurisin, R. T. Holcomb, C. G. Newhall, S. D. Malone, C.S. Weaver
1985, Journal of Geodynamics (3) 397-423
Public statements about volcanic activity at Mount St. Helens include factual statements, forecasts, and predictions. A factual statement describes current conditions but does not anticipate future events. A forecast is a comparatively imprecise statement of the time, place, and nature of expected activity. A prediction is a comparatively precise statement of the time, place, and ideally,...
A reconnaissance of the major Holocene tephra deposits in the upper Cook Inlet region, Alaska
J.R. Riehle
1985, Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research (26) 37-74
The upper Cook Inlet region of southcentral Alaska would be significantly impacted by a major tephrafall, owing to a widespread population and heavily travelled transportation corridors. To evaluate the likelihood of such an occurrence, the tephra deposits of the region have been inventoried. Approximately 90 deposits of Holocene age are...
A GC-system for the analysis of residual geothermal gases
D.S. Sheppard, A.H. Truesdell
1985, Chromatographia (20) 681-682
The gases evolved from geothermal fields, after condensation of H2O, CO2, H2S and NH3 in caustic solution, contain He, H2, Ar, O2, N2, CH4 and higher hydrocarbons. The analysis for the major components in these residual gas mixtures can be achieved by use of two simple gas chromatographs in parallel,...
Geochemistry and petrogenesis of lamproites, late cretaceous age, Woodson County, Kansas, U.S.A.
R.L. Cullers, S. Ramakrishnan, P. Berendsen, T. Griffin
1985, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta (49) 1383-1402
Lamproite sills and their associated sedimentary and contact metamorphic rocks from Woodson County, Kansas have been analyzed for major elements, selected trace elements, and strontium isotopic composition. These lamproites, like lamproites elsewhere, are alkalic (molecular K2O + Na2OAl2O3= 1.6–2.6">K2O + Na2OAl2O3= 1.6–2.6), are ultrapotassic <span...
Stratigraphic and interregional changes in Pennsylvanian coal-swamp vegetation: Environmental inferences
T.L. Phillips, R.A. Peppers, William A. DiMichele
1985, International Journal of Coal Geology (5) 43-109
Quantitative analysis of Pennsylvanian coal-swamp vegetation provides a means of inferring organization and structure of communities. Distribution of these communities further provides inferences about environmental factors, including paleoclimate. Our observations are based on in situ, structurally preserved peat deposits in coal-ball...
Case for periodic, colossal jokulhlaups from Pleistocene glacial Lake Missoula
R. B. Waitt Jr.
1985, Geological Society of America Bulletin (96) 1271-1286
Two classes of field evidence firmly establish that late Wisconsin glacial Lake Missoula drained periodically as scores of colossal jökulhlaups (glacier-outburst floods). (1) More than 40 successive, flood-laid, sand-to-silt graded rhythmites accumulated in back-flooded valleys in southern Washington. Hiatuses are indicated between flood-laid...
Low-temperature molar heat capacities and entropies of MnO2 (pyrolusite), Mn3O4 (hausmanite), and Mn2O3 (bixbyite)
R. A. Robie, B. S. Hemingway
1985, Journal of Chemical Thermodynamics (17) 165-181
Pyrolusite (MnO2), hausmanite (Mn3O4), and bixbyite (Mn2O3), are important ore minerals of manganese and accurate values for their thermodynamic properties are desirable to understand better the {p(O2), T} conditions of their formation. To provide accurate values for the entropies of these important manganese minerals, we have measured their heat capacities...
Three-dimensional trend mapping from wire-line logs
J.H. Doveton, Z. Ke-an
1985, Journal of the International Association for Mathematical Geology (17) 485
Mapping of lithofacies and porosities of stratigraphic units is complicated because these properties vary in three dimensions. The method of moments was proposed by Krumbein and Libby (1957) as a technique to aid in resolving this problem. Moments are easily computed from wireline logs and are simple statistics which summarize...
Ring distributions in alkali- and alkaline-earth aluminosilicate framework glasses- A raman spectroscopic study
S.K. Sharma, J.A. Philpotts, D.W. Matson
1985, Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids (71) 403-410
Raman spectra of crystalline polymorphs of a number of tectosilicate minerals having various sizes of smallest rings of TO4 tetrahedra (T = Si, Al) have been investigated to identify the bands that are sensitive indicators of the smallest rings in the network. The information obtained from the Raman spectra of tectosilicate...
Paraheritschioides, a new rugose coral genus from the Upper Pennsylvanian of Idaho
W.J. Sando
1985, Journal of Paleontology (59) 979-985
Colonial rugose corals are rare and generally poorly diversified in the Upper Pennsylvanian of the western interior region, conterminous USA. Paraheritschioides n.gen., which includes P. grandis n.sp., and P. complexa n.sp. from the Oquirrh Formation in Idaho, provides a new tool for distinguishing Upper Pennsylvanian rocks in the western interior....
CLAY MINERALOGY OF INSOLUBLE RESIDUES IN MARINE EVAPORITES.
Marc W. Bodine Jr.
1985, Conference Paper
Insoluble residues from three sequences of Paleozoic marine evaporites (Retsof salt bed in western New York, Salado Formation in south-eastern New Mexico, and Paradox Member of the Hermosa Formation in southeastern Utah) are rich in trioctahedral clays. Chlorite (clinochlore), corrensite (mixed-layer chlorite-trioctahedral smectite), talc, and illite (the only dioctahedral clay)...
Multisample conversion of water to hydrogen by zinc for stable isotope determination
C. Kendall, T.B. Coplen
1985, Analytical Chemistry (57) 1437-1440
Two techniques for the conversion of water to hydrogen for stable isotope ratio determination have been developed that are especially suited for automated multisample analysis. Both procedures involve reaction of zinc shot with a water sample at 450 ??C. in one method designed for water samples in bottles, the water...
Comparative study of aggregations under different dependency assumptions for assessment of undiscovered recoverable oil resources in the world
R. A. Crovelli
1985, Journal of the International Association for Mathematical Geology (17) 367-374
The U.S. Geological Survey assessed all significant sedimentary basins in the world for undiscovered conventionally recoverable crude-oil resources. Probabilistic methodology was applied to each basin assessment to produce estimates in the form of probability distributions. Basin probability distributions were computer aggregated to produce resource estimates for the entire world. Aggregation...
Temporal fluctuations in grain size, organic materials and iron concentrations in intertidal surface sediment of San Francisco Bay
E. A. Thomson-Becker, Samuel N. Luoma
1985, Hydrobiologia (129) 91-107
The physical and chemical characteristics of the oxidized surface sediment in an estuary fluctuate temporally in response to physical forces and apparently-fluctuating inputs. These characteristics, which include grain size and concentrations of organic materials and iron, will influence both trace-metal geochemistry and bioavailability. Temporal trends in the abundance of fine...
