Radon in earth-sheltered structures
E. R. Landa
1984, Underground Space (8) 264-269
Radon concentration in the indoor air of six residential and three non-residential earth-sheltered buildings in eastern Colorado was monitored quarterly over a nine-month period using passive, integrating detectors. Average radon concentrations during the three-month sampling periods ranged from about 1 to 9 pCi/L, although one building, a poorly ventilated storage...
Origin of epigenetic calcite in coal from Antarctica and Ohio based on isotope compositions of oxygen, carbon and strontium
G. Faure, G. Botoman
1984, Chemical Geology (46) 313-324
Isotopic compositions of oxygen, carbon and strontium of calcite cleats in coal seams of southern Victoria Land, Antarctica, and Tuscarawas County, Ohio, contain a record of the conditions a the time of their formation. The Antarctic calcites (?? 18O(SMOW) = +9.14 to +11.82%0) were deposited from waters enriched in 16O...
Rehabilitation materials from surface- coal mines in western U.S.A. III. Relations between elements in mine soil and uptake by plants.
R. C. Severson, L. P. Gough
1984, Reclamation and Revegetation Research (3) 185-197
Plant uptake of Cd, Co, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn from mine soils was assessed using alfalfa Medicago sativa, sainfoin Onobrychis viciaefolia, smooth brome Bromus inermis, crested wheatgrass Agropyron cristatum, slender wheatgrass A. trachycaulum and intermediate wheatgrass A. intermedium; mine soil (cover-soil and spoil material) samples were collected...
Use of partial dissolution techniques in geochemical exploration
T. T. Chao
1984, Journal of Geochemical Exploration (20) 101-135
Application of partial dissolution techniques to geochemical exploration has advanced from an early empirical approach to an approach based on sound geochemical principles. This advance assures a prominent future position for the use of these techniques in geochemical exploration for concealed mineral deposits. Partial dissolution techniques are classified as single...
Hydrogen isotope systematics of submarine basalts
T.K. Kyser, J. R. O’Neil
1984, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta (48) 2123-2133
The D/H ratios and water contents in fresh submarine basalts from the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, the East Pacific Rise, and Hawaii indicate that the primary D/H ratios of many submarine lavas have been altered by processes including (1) outgassing, (2) addition of seawater at magmatic temperature, and (3) low-temperature hydration of...
Thermal modeling of Halley's comet
P.R. Weissman, H. H. Kieffer
1984, Advances in Space Research (4) 221-224
The comet thermal model of Weissman and Kieffer is used to calculate gas production rates and other parameters for the 1986 perihelion passage of Halley's Comet. Gas production estimates are very close to revised pre-perihelion estimates by Newburn based on 1910 observations of Halley; the increase in observed gas production...
Accretionary lapilli in altered tuffs associated with coal beds
B.F. Bohor, Don M. Triplehorn
1984, Journal of Sedimentary Petrology (54) 317-325
Accretionary lapilli have been identified in claystones (tonsteins) associated with coal beds of Late Cretaceous age in Wyoming, Utah, and New Mexico. The presence of accretionary lapilli in these tonstein partings confirms their volcanic origin. Similar concentric structures in other claystones not in...
CAUSATIVE FACTORS AND VARIATION OF SEDIMENT YIELDS IN KENTUCKY.
Clyde J. Sholar
1984, Conference Paper, University of Kentucky, Office of Engineering Services, (Bulletin) UKY BU
Precipitation, topography, runoff, soils, and land use are the major causative factors of sediment yield in Kentucky. The variability and interaction of these factors directly affects the amount and type of sediment yields. Sediment yield and size data were collected during 1942-45 and 1951-81 throughout the five major physiographic regions...
Regional investigations of soil and overburden analysis and plant uptake of metals
L. P. Gough
1984, Minerals and the Environment (6) 105-110
Regional studies on the bioavailability of metals at native and disturbed sites were conducted over the past seven years by the USGS. The work was concentrated in the Fort Union, Powder River, and Green River coal resource regions where measures of extractable metals in soils were found to have limited...
The Kingak shale of northern Alaska—regional variations in organic geochemical properties and petroleum source rock quality
Leslie B. Magoon, George E. Claypool
1984, Organic Geochemistry (6) 533-542
The Kingak Shale, a thick widespread rock unit in northern Alaska that ranges in age from Early Jurassic through Early Cretaceous, has adequate to good oil source rock potential. This lenticular-shaped rock unit is as much as 1200 m thick near the Jurassic shelf edge, where its present-day burial depth...
Leaching of molybdenum and arsenic from uranium ore and mill tailings
E. R. Landa
1984, Hydrometallurgy (13) 203-211
A sequential, selective extraction procedure was used to assess the effects of sulfuric acid milling on the geochemical associations of molybdenum and arsenic in a uranium ore blend, and the tailings derived therefrom. The milling process removed about 21% of the molybdenum and 53% of the arsenic initially present in...
Thermal history determined by fission-track dating for three sedimentary basins in California and Wyoming
Nancy D. Naeser
1984, Nuclear Tracks and Radiation Measurements (1982) (10) 423
The use of fission-tracks is demonstrated in studies of time-temperature relationships in three sedimentary basins in the western United States; in the Tejon Oil Field area of the southern San Joaquin Valley, California; in the northeastern Green River basin, Wyoming, and in drill holes in the southern Powder River Basin,...
Oxygen isotope evidence for submarine hydrothermal alteration of the Del Puerto ophiolite, California
Peter Schiffmant, A.E. Williams, R.C. Evarts
1984, Earth and Planetary Science Letters (70) 207-220
The oxygen isotope compositions and metamorphic mineral assemblages of hydrothermally altered rocks from the Del Puerto ophiolite and overlying volcaniclastic sedimentary rocks at the base of the Great Valley sequence indicate that their alteration occurred in a submarine hydrothermal system. Whole rock δ18O compositions decrease progressively down section (with increasing...
Low-temperature heat capacities of CaAl2SiO6 glass and pyroxene and thermal expansion of CaAl2SiO6 pyroxene.
H.T. Haselton Jr., B. S. Hemingway, R. A. Robie
1984, American Mineralogist (69) 481-489
Low-T heat capacities (5-380 K) have been measured by adiabatic calorimetry for synthetic CaAl2SiO6 glass and pyroxene. High-T unit cell parameters were measured for CaAl2SiO6 pyroxene by means of a Nonius Guinier-Lenne powder camera in order to determine the mean coefficient of thermal expansion in the T range 25-1200oC. -J.A.Z....
The eruption of Mount Pagan volcano, Mariana Islands, 15 May 1981
N.G. Banks, R. Y. Koyanagi, J.M. Sinton, K.T. Honma
1984, Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research (22) 225-269
A major explosive eruption occurred 15 May 1981 at Mount Pagan Volcano, the larger of two historic eruptive centers on Pagan Island, Mariana Islands. The eruption was preceded by increased numbers of locally felt earthquakes beginning in late March or early April and by new ground cracks, new sublimates, and...
Double-porosity models for a fissured groundwater reservoir with fracture skin
Allen F. Moench
1984, Water Resources Research (20) 831-846
Theories of flow to a well in a double-porosity groundwater reservoir are modified to incorporate effects of a thin layer of low-permeability material or fracture skin that may be present at fracture-block interfaces as a result of mineral deposition or alteration. The commonly used theory for flow in double- porosity...
Bonded-phase extraction column isolation of organic compounds in groundwater at a hazardous waste site
C.E. Rostad, W. E. Pereira, S.M. Ratcliff
1984, Analytical Chemistry (56) 2856-2860
A procedure for isolation of hazardous organic compounds from water for gas chromatography/mass spectrometry analysis Is presented and applied to creosote- and pentachlorophenol-contaminated groundwater resulting from wood-treatment processes. This simple procedure involved passing a 50-100-mL sample through a bonded-phase extraction column, eluting the trapped organic compounds from the column with...
Subsurface injection of treated sewage into a saline-water aquifer at St. Petersburg, Florida - Water-quality changes and potential for recovery of injected sewage
J.J. Hickey, G. G. Ehrlich
1984, Ground Water (22) 397-405
The city of St. Petersburg is testing subsurface injection of treated sewage into the Floridan aquifer as a means of eliminating discharge of sewage to surface waters and as a means of storing treated sewage for future nonpotable reuse. The injection zone at the test site at the start of...
Distribution of trace elements in coal from the Powhatan No. 6 mine, Ohio
C.A. Palmer, R.H. Filby
1984, Fuel (63) 318-328
Size and density separates of low-temperature-ashed coal from the Powhatan No. 6 mine, Ohio, have been used to determine the mode of occurrence of 28 minor and trace elements in coal. The size distribution of the major minerals has been determined, and correlations of trace elements with major minerals have...
The continental slope off New England: A long-range sidescan-sonar perspective
Kathryn M. Scanlon
1984, Geo-Marine Letters (4) 1-4
The first continuous overview of a large segment of the continental slope and rise off the northeastern United States has been obtained using the GLORIA II long-range sidescan-sonar system. Extensive dissection by canyon and gully systems and evidence of possible large-scale sediment sliding are seen on the slope. The style...
Submarine sand dunes and sedimentary environments in Oceanographer Canyon.
P. C. Valentine, R.A. Cooper, J. R. Uzmann
1984, Journal of Sedimentary Petrology (54) 704-715
Observations from research submersibles in the northern part of Oceanographer Canyon reveal the presence of an extensive field of large sand dunes on the canyon floor. The dunes are medium to coarse sand, are oriented across the axis, and the largest of them are as high as 3 m and...
Sampling design optimization for spatial functions
Ricardo A. Olea
1984, Journal of the International Association for Mathematical Geology (16) 369-392
A new procedure is presented for minimizing the sampling requirements necessary to estimate a mappable spatial function at a specified level of accuracy. The technique is based on universal kriging, an estimation method within the theory of regionalized variables. Neither actual implementation of the sampling nor universal kriging estimations are...
Determination of rare-earth elements, yttrium and scandium in manganese nodules by inductively-coupled argon-plastma emission spectrometry
Terry L. Fries, Paul J Lamothe, J. J. Pesek
1984, Analytica Chimica Acta (159) 329-336
A sequential-scanning, inductively-coupled argon plasma emission spectrometer is used for the determination of the rare-earth elements, plus yttrium and scandium, in manganese nodules. Wavelength selection is optimized to minimize spectral interferences from manganese nodule components. Samples are decomposed with mixed acids in a sealed polycarbonate vessel, and elements are quantified...
Magmatic inclusions in rhyolites, contaminated basalts, and compositional zonation beneath the Coso volcanic field, California
C. R. Bacon, J. Metz
1984, Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology (85) 346-365
Basaltic lava flows and high-silica rhyolite domes form the Pleistocene part of the Coso volcanic field in southeastern California. The distribution of vents maps the areal zonation inferred for the upper parts of the Coso magmatic system. Subalkalic basalts (<50% SiO2) were erupted well away from the rhyolite field...
The martian hemispheric dichotomy may be due to a giant impact
D.E. Wilhelms, S. W. Squyres
1984, Nature (309) 138-140
Mars is divided into two fundamentally different geological provinces of approximately hemispherical extent1-3. The more southerly province is heavily cratered, contains relatively old geological units, and superficially resembles the lunar and mercurian highlands. The northern province is relatively lightly cratered and contains younger geological units, including extensive plains, volcanic edifices,...
