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This report describes the areal extent, thickness, and hydraulic properties of glacial deposits in a preglacial bedrock valley south of the city of Waukesha in southeastern Wisconsin. In the 40- square-mile study area, the preglacial bedrock valley underlies an area across which the Fox River flows. A previous regional study...

Data on streamflow, water quality, and macroinvertebrate and smallmouth bass (microptercus dolomieni) populations were collected from July 1987 through September 1990, in four streams in southwestern Wisconsin to determine the effect of surface-water hydrology and quality on populations of macroinvertebrates and smallmouth bass. The study was a joint project of...

An investigation of the effects of hypothetical residential development in the Graber Pond watershed was done by the U.S. Geological Survey in cooperation with the city of Middleton. The investigation entailed evaluation of the existing (1989) water budget and water-level conditions for the pond and the water-level conditions expected to...

The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Fowler Lake Management District, completed a hydrologic and water-quality study of Fowler Lake in southeastern Wisconsin during calendar year 1984. Data on temperature, pH, specific conductance, and concentrations of dissolved oxygen, total phosphorus, dissolved orthophosphate phosphorus, and various nitrogen species were collected...

INTRODUCTION As part of the National Water-Use Information Program, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) stores water-use data in standardized format for different categories of water use. The data base (Site Specific Water Use Data System) is updated annually or as more current water-use information becomes available. Information about amounts of...

This report describes the hydrology and water quality of Powers Lake, a recreational lake in a densely populated area of southeastern Wisconsin, from October 16, 1986 - October 15, 1987. The hydrologic budget for the study period showed that direct precipitation on the lake and ground water were dominant sources of...

Hydrologic and precipitation data and water-quality samples were collected by the U.S. Geological Survey from rivers in the East River basin in northeastern Wisconsin during 1985-86.  The Fox Valley Water Quality Planning Agency suspected that agricultural and urban nonpoint-source discharges were contributing significantly to the degradation of water quality in the...

Although considerable effort has been expended during the past two decades to control nonpoint-source contamination of streams and lakes in urban and rural watersheds, little has been published on the effectiveness of various management practices at the watershed scale. This report presents a discussion of several parametric and nonparametric statistical...

A 5,670-sq m wet detention pond was monitored by the U.S. Geological Survey to determine its effect on the water quality of urban runoff. The pond has a drainage area of 0.96-sq km, composed primarily of single-family residential land use. Event-mean concentrations (EMC) were determined from samples collected for sediment,...

The hydrology and water quality of Wind Lake-a recreational lake in a densely populated area of southeastern Wisconsin was studied from October 1, 1987 through September 30,1989. A drought in 1988 affected the hydrologic budget of Wind Lake in water years 1988-89. Precipitation was 5.9 inches less than normal in water...

This report presents the annual results of the U.S. Geological Survey's (USGS) watershed-management evaluation monitoring program in Wisconsin. The overall objective of each individual project in the program is to determine if the water chemistry in the receiving stream has changed as a result of the implementation of land-management practices...

PROBLEM: Surface-water information is needed for surveillance, planning, design, hazard warning, operation, and management in water-related fields such as water supply, hydroelectric power, flood control, irrigation, bridge and culvert design, wildlife management, pollution abatement, flood-plain management, and water-resources development An appropriate data base is necessary to provide this information. OBJECTIVE: The...

The Cambrian-Ordovician aquifer system contains the most extensive and continuous aquifers in the northern Midwest of the United States. It is the source of water for many municipalities, industries, and rural water users. Since the beginning of ground-water development from the aquifer system in the late 1800's, hydraulic heads have...

Flood-frequency characteristics for 269 gaged sites on Wisconsin streams are presented for recurrence intervals of 2 to 100 years. Annual flood peaks for the period of record for each gaged site are included. Equations of the relations between flood-frequency and drainage-basin characteristics were developed by multiple-regression analyses. Flood-frequency characteristics for ungaged...

Hydraulic and sediment data were collected at three sites on the Chippewa River (near Caryville, at Durand, and near Pepin); at one site near Galesville on the Black River; and at one site at Muscoda on the Wisconsin River during water years 1976-83. This report summarizes an interpretation of those...

The Cambrian-Ordovician aquifer system contains very productive aquifers throughout an area of about 161,000 square miles in the northern Midwest. The aquifer system is used extensively for industrial and rural water supplies and is the primary source of water for many municipalities in most of its area of occurrence, except...

More than three thousand kettle lakes, widely dispersed within a mixed temperate forest ecosystem, are predominant features of the Northern Highland area of north-central Wisconsin. A hydrological and biogeochemical investigation of seven of these lakes and their watershed area is currently in progress as part of the Water, Energy, and...

A six-State area in the northern Midwest of the United States has become increasingly dependent on ground water from the Cambrian-Ordovician aquifer system, which consists of a sequence of sandstones, carbonate rocks, and shales. Ground-water withdrawals from the aquifer system began in the late 1800's and increased to approximately 684...

This report is a compilation of data on surface- and ground-water quality, lake sediment, and lake-level fluctuation collected by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) during 1981- 87 on or near the St. Croix Indian Reservation. The purpose of this report is to provide baseline data on selected aspects of the...

Seventeen methods for estimating ice-affected streamflow are evaluated for potential use with the U.S. Geological Survey streamflow-gaging station network. The methods evaluated were identified by written responses from U.S. Geological Survey field offices and by a comprehensive literature search. The methods selected and techniques used for applying the methods are...

National Water Summary 1988-89 - Hydrologic Events and Floods and Droughts documents the occurrence in the United States, Puerto Rico, and the U.S. Virgin Islands of two types of extreme hydrologic events floods and droughts on the basis of analysis of stream-discharge data. This report details, for the first time,...

In 1991 , the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) began to implement a full -scale National Water-Quality Assessment (NA WQA) program. The long-term goal of the NA WQA program are to desc ribe the tatus and trends in the quality of a large, representative part of the Nation's urface- and ground-water...

Lakes Clara and Vandercook are 33- and 43-hectare lakes, respectively, located in predominantly sandy outwash in north-central Wisconsin. Annual precipitation at National Weather Service stations during the 1951-80 calendar years averaged 794 millimeters near Lake Clara and 834 millimeters near Vandercook Lake. During the 1981 water year, annual precipitation measured...

During 1984, above-normal ground-water levels flooded the fields and basements in the vicinity of the Crex Meadows Wildlife Area. In response to concerns of neighboring farmers and homeowners, the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources and the U.S. Geological Survey began a cooperative study to assess ground-water conditions in the area...

Water use in the United States, as measured by freshwater withdrawals in 1985, averaged 338,000 Mgal/d (million gallons per day), which is enough water to cover the 48 conterminous States to a depth of about 2.4 inches. Only 92,300 Mgal/d, or 27.3 percent of the water withdrawn, was consumptive use...