Stormwater-runoff data, Madison, Wisconsin, 1993-94
R.J. Waschbusch
1996, Open-File Report 95-733
Section 402(P) of the Water Quality Control Act of 1987 requires that municipalities with a population of 100,000 or more obtain permits to discharge stormwater runoff and to control its quality. Monitoring and sampling of stormwater runoff from seven drainage basins in Madison, Wis., was performed from April 1993 through...
The Fox River PCB transport study: Stepping stone to a healthy Great Lakes ecosystem
Sharon A. Fitzgerald, Jeffrey J. Steuer
1996, Fact Sheet 116-96
Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs) in the Great Lakes Despite being banned since the 1970's, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) continue to pose a threat to the environment because of their persistence and toxicity to organisms ranging from minute algae to fish, waterfowl, and human beings. PCBs, a set of 209 related chlorinated organic...
Ground-water flow and quality in Wisconsin's shallow aquifer system
P.A. Kammerer Jr.
1995, Water-Resources Investigations Report 90-4171
The areal concentration distribution of commonmineral constituents and properties of ground water in Wisconsin's shallow aquifer system are described in this report. Maps depicting the water quality and the altitude of the water table are included. The shallow aquifer system in Wisconsin, composed of unconsolidated sand and gravel and shallow...
Water resources of the Bad River Indian Reservation, northern Wisconsin
W. G. Batten, R.A. Lidwin
1995, Water-Resources Investigations Report 95-4207
Water-resources data were collected in the Bad River Indian Reservation of northern Wisconsin from 1983 through 1987. Some data are interpreted to describe ground-water flow, groundwater quality, streamflow, and surface-water quality. Data also are presented in tables and appendixes for baseline reference. Precambrian sandstone and basalt underlie varying thicknesses of sandy...
Environmental factors used to subdivide the western Lake Michigan drainages into relatively homogeneous units for water-quality site selection
Dale M. Robertson, David A. Saad
1995, Fact Sheet 220-95
In 1991, the National Water-Quality Assessment (NAWQA) Program was fully implemented by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS). The goals of the NAWQA program are to (1) provide a nationally consistent description of water-quality conditions for a large part of the Nation’s water resources; (2) define long-term trends (or lack of...
Water-resources investigations in Wisconsin, 1995
D. E. Maertz (compiler)
1995, Open-File Report 95-328
The statewide average precipitation of 30.66 inches for the 1994 water year was 96 percent of the normal annual precipitation of 31.79 inches for water years 1961-90. Average precipitation values ranged from 81 percent of normal in southeastern Wisconsin to 103 percent of normal in west-central Wisconsin (Pamela Naber Knox,...
Hydrogeology of southwestern Sheboygan County, Wisconsin, in the vicinity of the Kettle Moraine Springs fish hatchery
T.D. Conlon
1995, Water-Resources Investigations Report 94-4106
This report describes the hydrogeology of the dolomite aquifer of Silurian age and its relation to springs in a study area in southwestern Sheboygan County, Wisconsin. The study was conducted at the Kettle Moraine Springs fish hatchery in cooperation with the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources. The dolomite aquifer is overlain...
Radon-222 concentrations in ground water and soil gas on Indian reservations in Wisconsin
John F. DeWild, James T. Krohelski
1995, Water-Resources Investigations Report 95-4088
The weighted average radon-222 concentration of indoor air in homes located on Wisconsin Indian Reservations is 5.8 picocuries per liter, which exceeds the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency action limit of 4 picocuries per liter. Ground water is the principle source of drinking water on Wisconsin Indian Reservations and generally accounts...
Discharge ratings for tainter gates and roller gates at Lock and Dam No. 7 on the Mississippi River, La Crescent, Minnesota
Steven R. Corsi, J.G. Schuler
1995, Water-Resources Investigations Report 95-4089
The water-surface elevations on the Inland Waterway Navigation System of the upper Mississippi River are controlled during normal operating conditions by various flow controls at 29 locks and dams. The headwater (navigation pool) and tailwater elevations at Lock and Dam No. 7 are controlled by the regulation of 11 tainter...
Evaluation of nonpoint-source contamination, Wisconsin: Land-use and Best-Management-Practices inventory, selected streamwater-quality data, urban-watershed quality assurance and quality control, constituent loads in rural streams, and snowmelt-runoff analysis, water year 1994
J.F. Walker, D. J. Graczyk, S.R. Corsi, D.W. Owens, J.A. Wierl
1995, Open-File Report 95-320
The objective of the watershed-management evaluation monitoring program in Wisconsin is to evaluate the effectiveness of best-management practices (BMP) for controlling nonpoint-source contamination in rural and urban watersheds. This report is an annual summary of the data collected for the program by the U.S Geological Survey and a report of...
Water-quality and lake-stage data for Wisconsin lakes, water year 1994
S. J. Field, J. F. Elder, H.S. Garn, G. L. Goddard, P.A. Kammerer Jr., D.L. Olson, Dale M. Robertson, W. J. Rose
1995, Open-File Report 95-190
The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with local and other agencies, collects data at selected lakes throughout Wisconsin. These data, accumulated over many yes rs, provide a data base for developing an improved understanding of the water quality of lakes\ To make these data available to interested parties outside...
Evaluation of nonpoint-source contamination, Wisconsin; selected streamwater-quality data, land-use and best-management practices inventory, and quality assurance and quality control, water year 1993
Steven R. Corsi, John F. Walker, D. J. Graczyk, S.R. Greb, D.W. Owens, K.F. Rappold
1995, Open-File Report 94-707-W
The objective of the watershed-management evaluation monitoring program in Wisconsin is to evaluate the effectiveness of the best-management practices (BMPs) for rural streams, urban streams, and urban storm sewers. This report is an annual summary of the data collected for the program and a report of the results from several...
Distribution and transport of polychlorinated biphenyls in Little Lake Butte des Morts, Fox River, Wisconsin, April 1987-October 1988
L. B. House
1995, Open-File Report 93-31
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB's) in the bottom sediment and water column of Little Lake Butte des Morts were studied by the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources and the U.S. Geological Survey. The lake is a 8-kilometer-long impoundment of the Fox River between Lake Winnebago and Appleton, Wisconsin. Discharge of PCB's into...
Evaluating barnyard Best Management Practices in Wisconsin using upstream-downstream monitoring
Todd D. Stuntebeck
1995, Fact Sheet 221-95
The Nonpoint Source Water Pollution Abatement Program was created in 1978 by the Wisconsin Legislature. The goal of the program is to improve and protect the water quality of lakes, streams, wetlands, and ground water within selected priority watersheds by controlling sources of nonpoint pollution. For each selected watershed, the...
Mercury contamination of aquatic ecosystems
David P. Krabbenhoft, David A. Rickert
1995, Fact Sheet 216-95
Mercury has been well known as an environmental pollutant for several decades. As early as the 1950's it was established that emissions of mercury to the environment could have serious effects on human health. These early studies demonstrated that fish and other wildlife from various ecosystems commonly attain mercury levels...
National Water-Quality Assessment Program, western Lake Michigan drainages: Summaries of liaison committee meeting, Green Bay, Wisconsin, March 28-29, 1995
Charles A. Peters
1995, Open-File Report 95-163
The Western Lake Michigan Drainages (WMIC) study unit, under investigation since 1991, drains 20,000 square miles (mi2) in eastern Wisconsin and Upper Michigan (fig. 1). The major water-quality issues in the WMIC study unit are: (1) nonpoint-source contamination of surface and ground water by agricultural chemicals, (2) contamination in bottom...
Lake Number, a quantitative indicator of mixing used to estimate changes in dissolved oxygen
Dale M. Robertson, Jorg Imberger
1994, International Review of Hydrobiology (79) 159-176
Lake Number, LN, values are shown to be quantitative indicators of deep mixing in lakes and reservoirs that can be used to estimate changes in deep water dissolved oxygen (DO) concentrations. LN is a dimensionless parameter defined as the ratio of the moments about the center of volume of the...
Nitrate in ground water in the western Lake Michigan drainage basin, Wisconsin and Michigan
David A. Saad
1994, Fact Sheet 070-94
In 1991, the U.S. Geological Survey began the nationwide implementation of the National Water-Quality Assessment (NAWQA) Program. The long-term goals of the NAWQA Program are to describe the status and trends in the quality of a large, representative part of the Nation's surface- and ground-water resources and to provide a...
Hydrology and water quality of Whitewater and Rice lakes in southeastern Wisconsin, 1990-91
Gerald Goddard, S. J. Field
1994, Water-Resources Investigations Report 94-4101
The hydrology and water quality of Whitewater and Rice Lakes was studied by the U.S. Geological Survey during November 15, 1990November 14, 1991, in cooperation with the Whitewater-Rice Lakes Management District, Walworth County, Wis. Whitewater and Rice Lakes are small, shallow lakes; surface areas are 697 and 162 acres and...
Water resources of the Menominee Indian Reservation of Wisconsin
J. T. Krohelski, P.A. Kammerer, Terrence D. Conlon
1994, Water-Resources Investigations Report 93-4053
Water resources of the Menominee Indian Reservation, Wisconsin, were investigated during the period October 1981 through September 1987. The report presents baseline data and some interpretation of ground- and surface-water hydrology and quality of the Reservation. The area stratigraphy consists of basal Precambrian crystalline bedrock and overlying till and sand and...
Water-resources investigations in Wisconsin
D. E. Maertz
1994, Open-File Report 94-321
The statewide average precipitation of 38.79 inches for the 1993 water year was 122 percent of the normal annual precipitation of 31.77 inches for water years 1961-90. Average precipitation values ranged from 103 percent of normal in northwestern Wisconsin to 150 percent of normal in southwestern Wisconsin (Pamela Naber Knox,...
Simulation of the effects of hypothetical residential development on water levels in Graber Pond, Middleton, Wisconsin
L. B. House
1993, Water-Resources Investigations Report 92-4029
An investigation of the effects of hypothetical residential development in the Graber Pond watershed was done by the U.S. Geological Survey in cooperation with the city of Middleton. The investigation entailed evaluation of the existing (1989) water budget and water-level conditions for the pond and the water-level conditions expected to...
Water Use in Wisconsin, 1990
B.R. Ellefson, T. J. Sabin, J. T. Krohelski
1993, Open-File Report 93-118
INTRODUCTION As part of the National Water-Use Information Program, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) stores water-use data in standardized format for different categories of water use. The data base (Site Specific Water Use Data System) is updated annually or as more current water-use information becomes available. Information about amounts of...
Hydrology and water quality of Wind Lake in southeastern Wisconsin
S. J. Field
1993, Water-Resources Investigations Report 91-4107
The hydrology and water quality of Wind Lake-a recreational lake in a densely populated area of southeastern Wisconsin was studied from October 1, 1987 through September 30,1989. A drought in 1988 affected the hydrologic budget of Wind Lake in water years 1988-89. Precipitation was 5.9 inches less than normal in water...
Hydrology and water quality of the Forest County Potawatomi Indian Reservation, Wisconsin
R.A. Lidwin, J. T. Krohelski
1993, Water-Resources Investigations Report 91-4136
This report presents data from a study by the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Forest County Potawatomi Community of Wisconsin, to document the hydrology and water quality of the Potawatomi Indian Reservation in southern Forest County. Data were collected from October 1981 through September 1987. Glacial sand and...