Complex dynamics at the interface between wild and domestic viruses of finfish
Gael Kurath, J. Winton
2011, Current Opinion in Virology (1) 73-80
Viral traffic occurs readily between wild and domesticated stocks of finfish because aquatic environments have greater connectivity than their terrestrial counterparts and because the global expansion and dynamic nature of intensive aquaculture provide multiple pathways of transmission and unique drivers of virus adaptation. Supported by examples from the literature, we...
Effects of slow recovery rates on water column geochemistry in aquitard wells
K. E. Schilling
2011, Applied Geochemistry (26) 1108-1114
Monitoring wells are often installed in aquitards to verify effectiveness for preventing migration of surface contaminants to underlying aquifers. However, water sampling of aquitard wells presents a challenge due to the slow recovery times for water recharging the wells, which can take as long as weeks, months or years to...
Salvage logging versus the use of burnt wood as a nurse object to promote post-fire tree seedling establishment
J. Castro, Craig D. Allen, M. Molina-Morales, Sara Maranon-Jimenez, A. Sanchez-Miranda, R. Zamora
2011, Restoration Ecology (19) 537-544
Intense debate surrounds the effects of post-fire salvage logging (SL) versus nonintervention policies on forest regeneration, but scant support is available from experimental studies. We analyze the effect of three post-fire management treatments on the recruitment of a serotinous pine (Pinus pinaster) at a Mediterranean mountain. Treatments were applied 7...
Patterns of coral disease across the Hawaiian Archipelago: Relating disease to environment
G.S. Aeby, G.J. Williams, E.C. Franklin, J. Kenyon, E.F. Cox, S. Coles, Thierry M. Work
2011, PLoS ONE (6)
In Hawaii, coral reefs occur across a gradient of biological (host abundance), climatic (sea surface temperature anomalies) and anthropogenic conditions from the human-impacted reefs of the main Hawaiian Islands (MHI) to the pristine reefs of the northwestern Hawaiian Islands (NWHI). Coral disease surveys were conducted at 142 sites from across...
Transitions of interaction outcomes in a uni-directional consumer-resource system
Y. Wang, Donald L. DeAngelis
2011, Journal of Theoretical Biology (280) 43-49
A uni-directional consumer–resource system of two species is analyzed. Our aim is to understand the mechanisms that determine how the interaction outcomes depend on the context of the interaction; that is, on the model parameters. The dynamic behavior of the model is described and, in particular, it is demonstrated that no periodic...
Common challenges for ecological modelling: synthesis of facilitated discussions held at the symposia organized for the 2009 conference of the International Society for Ecological Modelling in Quebec City, Canada, (October 6-9, 2009)
Guy R. Larocque, D. Mailly, T.-X. Yue, M. Anand, C. Peng, C. Kazanci, M. Etterson, P. Goethals, S.E. Jorgensen, J.R. Schramski, E.J.B. McIntire, D.J. Marceau, B. Chen, G.Q. Chen, Z.F. Yang, B. Novotna, N. Luckai, Jagtar S. Bhatti, J. Liu, A. Munson, Andrew M. Gordon, J.C. Ascough
2011, Ecological Modelling (222) 2456-2468
The eleven symposia organized for the 2009 conference of the International Society for Ecological Modelling (ISEM 2009) held in Quebec City, Canada, October 6–9, 2009, included facilitated discussion sessions following formal presentations. Each symposium focused on a specific subject, and all the subjects could be classified into three broad categories:...
Tiny intraplate earthquakes triggered by nearby episodic tremor and slip in Cascadia
J.E. Vidale, A.J. Hotovec, A. Ghosh, K. C. Creager, J. Gomberg
2011, Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems (12)
Episodic tremor and slip (ETS) has been observed in many subduction zones, but its mechanical underpinnings as well as its potential for triggering damaging earthquakes have proven difficult to assess. Here we use a seismic array in Cascadia of unprecedented density to monitor seismicity around a moderate 16 day ETS...
Geology and petroleum potential of the north and east margins of the Siberian Craton, north of the Arctic Circle
T. R. Klett, C. J. Wandrey, Janet K. Pitman
2011, Geological Society Memoir 413-431
The Siberian Craton consists of crystalline rocks and superimposed Precambrian sedimentary rocks deposited in rift basins. Palaeozoic rocks, mainly carbonates, were deposited along the margins of the craton to form an outwardly younger concentric pattern that underlies an outward-thickening Mesozoic sedimentary section. The north and east margins of the Siberian...
Long-term biases in geomagnetic K and aa indices
Jeffrey J. Love
2011, Annales Geophysicae (29) 1365-1375
Analysis is made of the geomagnetic-activity aa index and its source K-index data from groups of ground-based observatories in Britain, and Australia, 1868.0–2009.0, solar cycles 11–23. The K data show persistent biases, especially for high (low) K-activity levels at British (Australian) observatories. From examination of multiple subsets of the K data we infer that the biases are not...
Rain pulse response of soil CO2 exchange by biological soil crusts and grasslands of the semiarid Colorado Plateau, United States
David R. Bowling, Edmund E. Grote, Jayne Belnap
2011, Journal of Geophysical Research G: Biogeosciences (116)
Biological activity in arid grasslands is strongly dependent on moisture. We examined gas exchange of biological soil crusts (biocrusts), the underlying soil biotic community, and the belowground respiratory activity of C3 and C4 grasses over 2 years in southeast Utah, USA. We used soil surface CO2 flux and the amount...
Molecular detection of vertebrates in stream water: A demonstration using rocky mountain tailed frogs and Idaho giant salamanders
C.S. Goldberg, D. S. Pilliod, R.S. Arkle, L.P. Waits
2011, PLoS ONE (6)
Stream ecosystems harbor many secretive and imperiled species, and studies of vertebrates in these systems face the challenges of relatively low detection rates and high costs. Environmental DNA (eDNA) has recently been confirmed as a sensitive and efficient tool for documenting aquatic vertebrates in wetlands and in a large river...
Nonrandom patterns of roost emergence in big brown bats, Eptesicus fuscus
E.H. Gillam, Thomas J. O’Shea, R.M. Brigham
2011, Journal of Mammalogy (92) 1253-1260
In most colonial species of bats individuals emerge en masse from day roosts each evening to begin foraging. Although some aspects of emergence behavior are understood, one previously unexplored area is the specific order in which individuals emerge. The goal of our research was to determine if big brown bats, Eptesicus...
Improving occupancy estimation when two types of observational error occur: Non-detection and species misidentification
David Miller, James D. Nichols, B.T. McClintock, Evan H. Campbell Grant, L.L. Bailey, L.A. Weir
2011, Ecology (92) 1422-1428
Efforts to draw inferences about species occurrence frequently account for false negatives, the common situation when individuals of a species are not detected even when a site is occupied. However, recent studies suggest the need to also deal with false positives, which occur when species are misidentified so that a...
Storms, floods, and the science of atmospheric rivers
F.M. Ralph, M. D. Dettinger
2011, Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union (92) 265-266
Imagine a stream of water thousands of kilometers long and as wide as the distance between New York City and Washington, D. C., flowing toward you at 30 miles per hour. No, this is not some hypothetical physics problemit is a real river, carrying more water than 7-15 Mississippi Rivers...
Estimates of stress drop and crustal tectonic stress from the 27 February 2010 Maule, Chile, earthquake: Implications for fault strength
K.M. Luttrell, X. Tong, D.T. Sandwell, B.A. Brooks, M.G. Bevis
2011, Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth (116)
The great 27 February 2010 Mw 8.8 earthquake off the coast of southern Chile ruptured a ∼600 km length of subduction zone. In this paper, we make two independent estimates of shear stress in the crust in the region of the Chile earthquake. First, we use a coseismic slip model constrained by...
Globally Gridded Satellite observations for climate studies
K.R. Knapp, S. Ansari, C.L. Bain, M.A. Bourassa, M.J. Dickinson, Chris Funk, C.N. Helms, C.C. Hennon, C.D. Holmes, G. J. Huffman, J.P. Kossin, H.-T. Lee, A. Loew, G. Magnusdottir
2011, Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society (92) 893-907
Geostationary satellites have provided routine, high temporal resolution Earth observations since the 1970s. Despite the long period of record, use of these data in climate studies has been limited for numerous reasons, among them that no central archive of geostationary data for all international satellites exists, full temporal and spatial...
Modeling the spatial-temporal dynamics of net primary production in Yangtze River Basin using IBIS model
Z. Zhang, H. Jiang, J. Liu, Q. Zhu, X. Wei, Z. Jiang, G. Zhou, X. Zhang, J. Han
2011, Conference Paper, Proceedings - 2011 19th international conference on geoinformatics, Geoinformatics 2011
The climate change has significantly affected the carbon cycling in Yangtze River Basin. To better understand the alternation pattern for the relationship between carbon cycling and climate change, the net primary production (NPP) were simulated in the study area from 1956 to 2006 by using the Integrated Biosphere Simulator (IBIS)....
Geology and petroleum potential of the east Barents Sea Basins and Admiralty Arch
T. R. Klett, Janet K. Pitman
2011, Geological Society Memoir 295-310
The US Geological Survey (USGS) recently assessed the potential for undiscovered oil and gas resources of the East Barents Basins and Novaya Zemlya Basins and Admiralty Arch Provinces as part of the USGS Circum-Arctic Resource Appraisal. These two provinces are located NE of Scandinavia and the northwestern Russian Federation, on...
Diets of the sympatric pacific sheath-tailed bat (Emballonura semicaudata rotensis) and Mariana Swiftlet (Aerodramus bartscht) on Aguiguan, Mariana Islands
Ernest W. Valdez, G.J. Wiles, Thomas J. O’Shea
2011, Pacific Science (65) 301-309
The Pacific sheath-tailed bat (Emballonura semicaudata rotensis) and Mariana swiftlet (Aerodramus bartschi) are two rare insectivorous taxa restricted to the southern Mariana Islands in western Micronesia. It is believed that populations of both have dwindled because of impacts to their food resources. However, there is little information on the food...
Comparative mobility of sulfonamides and bromide tracer in three soils
S.T. Kurwadkar, C.D. Adams, Michael T. Meyer, Dana W. Kolpin
2011, Journal of Environmental Management (92) 1874-1881
In animal agriculture, sulfonamides are one of the routinely used groups of antimicrobials for therapeutic and sub-therapeutic purposes. It is observed that, the animals when administered the antimicrobials, often do not completely metabolize them; and excrete the partially metabolized forms into the environment. Due to the continued use of antimicrobials...
Effects of reduction in porosity and permeability with depth on storage capacity and injectivity in deep saline aquifers: A case study from the Mount Simon Sandstone aquifer
C.R. Medina, J.A. Rupp, D.A. Barnes
2011, International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control (5) 146-156
The Upper Cambrian Mount Simon Sandstone is recognized as a deep saline reservoir that has significant potential for geological sequestration in the Midwestern region of the United States. Porosity and permeability values collected from core analyses in rocks from this formation and its lateral equivalents in Indiana, Kentucky, Michigan, and...
An Analysis of the Published Mineral Resource Estimates of the Haji-Gak Iron Deposit, Afghanistan
David M. Sutphin, Karine Renaud, Lawrence J. Drew
2011, Natural Resources Research (20) 329-353
The Haji-Gak iron deposit of eastern Bamyan Province, eastern Afghanistan, was studied extensively and resource calculations were made in the 1960s by Afghan and Russian geologists. Recalculation of the resource estimates verifies the original estimates for categories A (in-place resources known in detail), B (in-place resources known in moderate detail),...
New insights of tsunami hazard from the 2011 Tohoku-oki event
K. Goto, C. Chague-Goff, S. Fujino, J. Goff, Bruce Jaffe, Y. Nishimura, Bruce M. Richmond, D. Sugawara, Witold Szczucinski, D.R. Tappin, Robert C. Witter, E. Yulianto
2011, Marine Geology (290) 46-50
We report initial results from our recent field survey documenting the inundation and resultant deposits of the 2011 Tohoku-oki tsunami from Sendai Plain, Japan. The tsunami inundated up to 4.5 km inland but the > 0.5 cm-thick sand deposit extended only 2.8 km (62% of the inundation distance). The deposit however continued as a...
The USGS geomagnetism program and its role in space weather monitoring
Jeffrey J. Love, Carol A. Finn
2011, Space Weather (9)
Magnetic storms result from the dynamic interaction of the solar wind with the coupled magnetospheric-ionospheric system. Large storms represent a potential hazard for the activities and infrastructure of a modern, technologically based society [Baker et al., 2008]; they can cause the loss of radio communications, reduce the accuracy of global...
A nuclear localization of the infectious haematopoietic necrosis virus NV protein is necessary for optimal viral growth
M.K. Choi, C. H. Moon, M.S. Ko, U.-H. Lee, W. Cho, S.J. Cha, J.W. Do, G.J. Heo, S.G. Jeong, Y.S. Hahm, A. Harmache, M. Bremont, Gael Kurath, J. W. Park
2011, PLoS ONE (6)
The nonvirion (NV) protein of infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV) has been previously reported to be essential for efficient growth and pathogenicity of IHNV. However, little is known about the mechanism by which the NV supports the viral growth. In this study, cellular localization of NV and its role in...
