Ammonium in thermal waters of Yellowstone National Park: Processes affecting speciation and isotope fractionation
J.M. Holloway, D. Kirk Nordstrom, J.K. Böhlke, R. Blaine McCleskey, J.W. Ball
2011, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta (75) 4611-4636
Dissolved inorganic nitrogen, largely in reduced form (NH4(T)≈NH4(aq)++NH3(aq)o), has been documented in thermal waters throughout Yellowstone National Park, with concentrations ranging from a few micromolar along the Firehole River to millimolar concentrations at Washburn Hot Springs. Indirect evidence from rock nitrogen analyses and previous work on organic compounds associated with...
Monitoring a boreal wildfire using multi-temporal Radarsat-1 intensity and coherence images
Russell P. Rykhus, Zhong Lu
2011, Geomatics, Natural Hazards and Risk (2) 15-32
Twenty-five C-band Radarsat-1 synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images acquired from the summer of 2002 to the summer of 2005 are used to map a 2003 boreal wildfire (B346) in the Yukon Flats National Wildlife Refuge, Alaska under conditions of near-persistent cloud cover. Our analysis is primarily based on the 15...
Relationships between breeding status, social -congregation attendance, and foraging distance of Xantus's Murrelets
C.D. Hamilton, R.T. Golightly, John Y. Takekawa
2011, Condor (113) 140-149
At night during the breeding season, Xantus's Murrelets (Synthliboramphus hypoleucus) congregate on the water adjacent to nesting colonies. We examined relationships of attendance at these nocturnal congregations, breeding status, and daytime foraging locations of radio-marked Xantus's Murrelets from Anacapa Island (33 in 2002, 44 in 2003) and Santa Barbara Island...
Adapting generalization tools to physiographic diversity for the united states national hydrography dataset
B.P. Buttenfield, L.V. Stanislawski, C.A. Brewer
2011, Cartography and Geographic Information Science (38) 289-301
This paper reports on generalization and data modeling to create reduced scale versions of the National Hydrographic Dataset (NHD) for dissemination through The National Map, the primary data delivery portal for USGS. Our approach distinguishes local differences in physiographic factors, to demonstrate that knowledge about varying terrain (mountainous, hilly or...
Influence of harvesting pressure on demographic tactics: Implications for wildlife management
Sabrina Servanty, J.-M. Gaillard, F. Ronchi, S. Focardi, E. Baubet, O. Gimenez
2011, Journal of Applied Ecology (48) 835-843
1. Demographic tactics within animal populations are shaped by selective pressures. Exploitation exerts additional pressures so that differing demographic tactics might be expected among populations with differences in levels of exploitation. Yet little has been done so far to assess the possible consequences of exploitation on the demographic tactics of mammals,...
Evidence of magma intrusion at Fourpeaked volcano, Alaska in 2006-2007 from a rapid-response seismic network and volcanic gases
M. Gardine, M. West, C. Werner, M. Doukas
2011, Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research (200) 192-200
On September 17th, 2006, Fourpeaked volcano had a widely-observed phreatic eruption. At the time, Fourpeaked was an unmonitored volcano with no known Holocene activity, based on limited field work. Airborne gas sampling began within days of the eruption and a modest seismic network was installed in stages. Vigorous steaming continued...
Phenology for science, resource management, decision making, and education
V.P. Nolan, J.F. Weltzin
2011, Conference Paper, Eos
Fourth USA National Phenology Network (USA-NPN) Research Coordination Network (RCN) Annual Meeting and Stakeholders Workshop; Milwaukee, Wisconsin, 21-22 September 2010; Phenology, the study of recurring plant and animal life cycle events, is rapidly emerging as a fundamental approach for understanding how ecological systems respond to environmental variation and climate change....
Gas emissions from failed and actual eruptions from Cook Inlet Volcanoes, Alaska, 1989-2006
C.A. Werner, M.P. Doukas, P.J. Kelly
2011, Bulletin of Volcanology (73) 155-173
Cook Inlet volcanoes that experienced an eruption between 1989 and 2006 had mean gas emission rates that were roughly an order of magnitude higher than at volcanoes where unrest stalled. For the six events studied, mean emission rates for eruptions were ~13,000 t/d CO2 and 5200 t/d SO2, but only...
Winter distribution of willow flycatcher subspecies
E. H. Paxton, P. Unitt, M. K. Sogge, M. Whitfield, P. Keim
2011, Condor (113) 608-618
Documenting how different regions across a species' breeding and nonbreeding range are linked via migratory movements is the first step in understanding how events in one region can influence events in others and is critical to identifying conservation threats throughout a migratory animal's annual cycle. We combined two studies that...
Multiplets: Their behavior and utility at dacitic and andesitic volcanic centers
W. Thelen, S. Malone, M. West
2011, Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth (116)
Multiplets, or groups of earthquakes with similar waveforms, are commonly observed at volcanoes, particularly those exhibiting unrest. Using triggered seismic data from the 1980-1986 Mount St. Helens (MSH) eruption, we have constructed a catalog of multiplet occurrence. Our analysis reveals that the occurrence of multiplets is related, at least in...
A novel member of the family Hepeviridae from cutthroat trout (Oncorhynchus clarkii)
William Batts, Susan Yun, Ronald Hedrick, James Winton
2011, Virus Research (158) 116-123
Beginning in 1988, the Chinook salmon embryo (CHSE-214) cell line was used to isolate a novel virus from spawning adult trout in the state of California, USA. Termed the cutthroat trout (Oncorhynchus clarkii) virus (CTV), the small, round virus was not associated with disease, but was subsequently found to be...
Denitrification and inference of nitrogen sources in the karstic Floridan Aquifer
J.B. Heffernan, A.R. Albertin, M.L. Fork, B. G. Katz, M.J. Cohen
2011, Biogeosciences Discussions (8) 10247-10294
Aquifer denitrification is among the most poorly constrained fluxes in global and regional nitrogen budgets. The few direct measurements of denitrification in groundwaters provide limited information about its spatial and temporal variability, particularly at the scale of whole aquifers. Uncertainty in estimates of denitrification may also lead to underestimates of...
Factors influencing reproductive performance of northern bobwhite in South Florida
V. Rolland, J.A. Hostetler, T.C. Hines, H. Franklin Percival, M.K. Oli
2011, European Journal of Wildlife Research (57) 717-727
Reproductive success is a critical component of individual fitness, and also an important determinant of growth rates of populations characterized by early maturity and high fecundity. We used radiotelemetry data collected during 2003–2008 to estimate reproductive parameters in a declining northern bobwhite (Colinus virginianus) population in South Florida, and to...
Bed composition generation for morphodynamic modeling: Case study of San Pablo Bay in California, USA
M. van der Wegen, A. Dastgheib, Bruce E. Jaffe, D. Roelvink
2011, Conference Paper
Applications of process-based morphodynamic models are often constrained by limited availability of data on bed composition, which may have a considerable impact on the modeled morphodynamic development. One may even distinguish a period of “morphodynamic spin-up” in which the model generates the bed level according to some ill-defined initial bed...
Seabird use of discards from a nearshore shrimp fishery in the South Atlantic Bight, USA
Patrick G.R. Jodice, Lisa C. Wickliffe, Elena B. Sachs
2011, Marine Biology (158) 2289-2298
Shrimp trawling is common throughout the southeastern and Gulf of Mexico coasts of the USA and is the primary contributor to fisheries discards in these regions. Tens of thousands of nearshore seabirds nest near shrimp trawling grounds in the USA, but to date, there has been no assessment of the...
In situ measurements of post-fire debris flows in southern California: Comparisons of the timing and magnitude of 24 debris-flow events with rainfall and soil moisture conditions
J. W. Kean, D.M. Staley, S.H. Cannon
2011, Journal of Geophysical Research F: Earth Surface (116)
Debris flows often occur in burned steeplands of southern California, sometimes causing property damage and loss of life. In an effort to better understand the hydrologic controls on post-fire debris-flow initiation, timing and magnitude, we measured the flow stage, rainfall, channel bed pore fluid pressure and hillslope soil-moisture accompanying 24...
Sulfur geochemistry and microbial sulfate reduction during low-temperature alteration of uplifted lower oceanic crust: Insights from ODP Hole 735B
Susan E. Alford, Jeffrey C. Alt, Wayne C. Shanks III
2011, Chemical Geology (286) 185-195
Sulfide petrography plus whole rock contents and isotope ratios of sulfur were measured in a 1.5 km section of oceanic gabbros in order to understand the geochemistry of sulfur cycling during low-temperature seawater alteration of the lower oceanic crust, and to test whether microbial effects may be present. Most samples...
Cassini SAR, radiometry, scatterometry and altimetry observations of Titan's dune fields
Gall A. Le, M.A. Janssen, L. C. Wye, A. G. Hayes, J. Radebaugh, C. Savage, H. Zebker, R. D. Lorenz, J. I. Lunine, Randolph L. Kirk, R. M. C. Lopes, S. Wall, P. Callahan, E. R. Stofan, Tom Farr
2011, Icarus (213) 608-624
Large expanses of linear dunes cover Titan’s equatorial regions. As the Cassini mission continues, more dune fields are becoming unveiled and examined by the microwave radar in all its modes of operation (SAR, radiometry, scatterometry, altimetry) and with an increasing variety of observational geometries. In this paper, we report on...
Sedimentary successions of the Arctic Region (58–64° to 90°N) that may be prospective for hydrocarbons
Arthur Grantz, Robert A. Scott, Sergey S. Drachev, Thomas E. Moore, Zenon C. Valin
2011, Geological Society Memoir (35) 17-37
A total of 143 sedimentary successions that contain, or may be prospective for, hydrocarbons were identified in the Arctic Region north of 58–64°N and mapped in four quadrants at a scale of 1:11 000 000. Eighteen of these successions (12.6%) occur in the Arctic Ocean Basin, 25 (17.5%) in the...
Gas production from a cold, stratigraphically-bounded gas hydrate deposit at the Mount Elbert Gas Hydrate Stratigraphic Test Well, Alaska North Slope: Implications of uncertainties
G. J. Moridis, S. Silpngarmlert, M. T. Reagan, Timothy S. Collett, K. Zhang
2011, Marine and Petroleum Geology (28) 517-534
As part of an effort to identify suitable targets for a planned long-term field test, we investigate by means of numerical simulation the gas production potential from unit D, a stratigraphically bounded (Class 3) permafrost-associated hydrate occurrence penetrated in the BPXA-DOE-USGS...
Impacts of past climate and sea level change on Everglades wetlands: placing a century of anthropogenic change into a late-Holocene context
Debra A. Willard, C.E. Bernhardt
2011, Climatic Change (107) 59-80
We synthesize existing evidence on the ecological history of the Florida Everglades since its inception ~7 ka (calibrated kiloannum) and evaluate the relative impacts of sea level rise, climate variability, and human alteration of Everglades hydrology on wetland plant communities. Initial freshwater peat accumulation began between 6 and 7 ka...
Amphibian responses to wildfire in the western united states: Emerging patterns from short-term studies
B. R. Hossack, D. S. Pilliod
2011, Fire Ecology (7) 129-144
The increased frequency and severity of large wildfires in the western United States is an important ecological and management issue with direct relevance to amphibian conservation. Although the knowledge of fire effects on amphibians in the region is still limited relative to most other vertebrate species, we reviewed the current...
Optical maturity variation in lunar spectra as measured by Moon Mineralogy Mapper data
J.W. Nettles, M. Staid, S. Besse, J. Boardman, R. N. Clark, D. Dhingra, P. Isaacson, R. Klima, G. Kramer, C.M. Pieters, L.A. Taylor
2011, Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets (116)
High spectral and spatial resolution data from the Moon Mineralogy Mapper (M3) instrument on Chandrayaan-1 are used to investigate in detail changes in the optical properties of lunar materials accompanying space weathering. Three spectral parameters were developed and used to quantify spectral effects commonly thought to be associated with increasing...
QuickBird satellite imagery as a tool for restoration and rehabilitation of Lake Sevan, Armenia
Martin A. Stapanian
2011, Hydrobiologia (661) 81-83
Lake Sevan in Armenia is the largest freshwater lake in the Transcaucasus region and is one of the largest high-altitude freshwater lakes in Eurasia (Babayan et al., 2006). Armenia is a small (29,743 km2), land- locked country that is comparatively poor in natural resources and...
Long term retention, survival, growth, and physiological indicators of salmonids marked with passive integrated transponder tags
Kenneth G. Ostrand, Gayle B. Zydlewski, William L. Gale, Joseph D. Zydlewski
2011, American Fisheries Society Symposium (76) 1-11
To track individuals in situ, over 12 million salmon and trout have been marked with passive integrated transponder (PIT) tags in the Columbia River Basin, USA. However, few studies have examined long term tag retention as well as tag effects on juvenile salmon and trout. We marked juvenile coho salmon...
