Experimental investigation of observation error in anuran call surveys
B.T. McClintock, L.L. Bailey, K. H. Pollock, T.R. Simons
2010, Journal of Wildlife Management (74) 1882-1893
Occupancy models that account for imperfect detection are often used to monitor anuran and songbird species occurrence. However, presenceabsence data arising from auditory detections may be more prone to observation error (e.g., false-positive detections) than are sampling approaches utilizing physical captures or sightings of individuals. We conducted realistic, replicated field...
Reference condition approach to restoration planning
J.M. Nestler, C.H. Theiling, S.J. Lubinski, D.L. Smith
2010, River Research and Applications (26) 1199-1219
Ecosystem restoration planning requires quantitative rigor to evaluate alternatives, define end states, report progress and perform environmental benefits analysis (EBA). Unfortunately, existing planning frameworks are, at best, semi-quantitative. In this paper, we: (1) describe a quantitative restoration planning approach based on a comprehensive, but simple mathematical framework that can be...
NASA's explorer school and spaceward bound programs: Insights into two education programs designed to heighten public support for space science initiatives
Matthew Allner, Christopher P McKay, Liza Coe, Jon Rask, Jim Paradise, J. Judson Wynne
2010, Acta Astronautica (66) 1280-1284
IntroductionNASA has played an influential role in bringing the enthusiasm of space science to schools across the United States since the 1980s. The evolution of this public outreach has led to a variety of NASA funded education programs designed to promote student interest in science, technology, engineering, math,...
Geology of the Selk crater region on Titan from Cassini VIMS observations
J.M. Soderblom, R. H. Brown, L.A. Soderblom, J. W. Barnes, R. Jaumann, Stéphane Le Mouélic, Christophe Sotin, K. Stephan, K. H. Baines, B. J. Buratti, R. N. Clark, P. D. Nicholson
2010, Icarus (208) 905-912
Observations of Titan obtained by the Cassini Visual and Infrared Mapping Spectrometer (VIMS) have revealed Selk crater, a geologically young, bright-rimmed, impact crater located ???800. km north-northwest of the Huygens landing site. The crater rim-crest diameter is ???90. km; its floor diameter is ???60. km. A central pit/peak, 20-30. km...
Postglacial vegetation history of Mitkof Island, Alexander Archipelago, southeastern Alaska
T. A. Ager, P. E. Carrara, Jane L. Smith, V. Anne, J. Johnson
2010, Quaternary Research (73) 259-268
An AMS radiocarbon-dated pollen record from a peat deposit on Mitkof Island, southeastern Alaska provides a vegetation history spanning ∼12,900 cal yr BP to the present. Late Wisconsin glaciers covered the entire island; deglaciation occurred > 15,400 cal yr BP. The earliest known vegetation to develop on the island (∼12,900...
Reduced body size and cub recruitment in polar bears associated with sea ice decline
Karyn D. Rode, Steven C. Amstrup, Eric V. Regehr
2010, Ecological Applications (20) 768-782
Rates of reproduction and survival are dependent upon adequate body size and condition of individuals. Declines in size and condition have provided early indicators of population decline in polar bears (Ursus maritimus) near the southern extreme of their range. We tested whether patterns in body size, condition, and cub recruitment...
Sage-grouse habitat selection during winter in Alberta
Jennifer L. Carpenter, Cameron L. Aldridge, Mark S. Boyce
2010, Journal of Wildlife Management (74) 1806-1814
Greater sage-grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus) are dependent on sagebrush (Artemisia spp.) for food and shelter during winter, yet few studies have assessed winter habitat selection, particularly at scales applicable to conservation planning. Small changes to availability of winter habitats have caused drastic reductions in some sage-grouse populations. We modeled winter habitat...
Hydrated mineral stratigraphy of Ius Chasma, Valles Marineris
L.H. Roach, J.F. Mustard, G. Swayze, R.E. Milliken, J.L. Bishop, S.L. Murchie, K. Lichtenberg
2010, Icarus (206) 253-268
New high-resolution spectral and morphologic imaging of deposits on walls and floor of Ius Chasma extend previous geomorphic mapping, and permit a new interpretation of aqueous processes that occurred during the development of Valles Marineris. We identify hydrated mineralogy based on visible-near infrared (VNIR) absorptions. We map the extents of...
Three-dimensional long-period groundmotion simulations in the upper Mississippi embayment
K.A. Macpherson, E.W. Woolery, Z. Wang, P. Liu
2010, Seismological Research Letters (81) 391-405
We employed a 3D velocity model and 3D wave propagation code to simulate long-period ground motions in the upper Mississippi embayment. This region is at risk from large earthquakes in the New Madrid seismic zone (NMSZ) and observational data are sparse, making simulation a valuable tool for predicting the effects...
An approach to quantify sources, seasonal change, and biogeochemical processes affecting metal loading in streams: Facilitating decisions for remediation of mine drainage
B. A. Kimball, R.L. Runkel, K. Walton-Day
2010, Applied Geochemistry (25) 728-740
Historical mining has left complex problems in catchments throughout the world. Land managers are faced with making cost-effective plans to remediate mine influences. Remediation plans are facilitated by spatial mass-loading profiles that indicate the locations of metal mass-loading, seasonal changes, and the extent of biogeochemical processes. Field-scale experiments during both...
Precise estimation of repeating earthquake moment: Example from parkfield, california
J.L. Rubinstein, W.L. Ellsworth
2010, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (100) 1952-1961
We offer a new method for estimating the relative size of repeating earthquakes using the singular value decomposition (SVD). This method takes advantage of the highly coherent waveforms of repeating earthquakes and arrives at far more precise and accurate descriptions of earthquake size than standard catalog techniques allow. We demonstrate...
Surface-wave potential for triggering tectonic (nonvolcanic) tremor
D.P. Hill
2010, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (100) 1859-1878
Source processes commonly posed to explain instances of remote dynamic triggering of tectonic (nonvolcanic) tremor by surface waves include frictional failure and various modes of fluid activation. The relative potential for Love- and Rayleigh-wave dynamic stresses to trigger tectonic tremor through failure on critically stressed thrust and vertical strike-slip faults...
Tree-ring dated landslide movements and seismic events in southwestern Montana, USA
Paul E. Carrara, J. Michael O’Neill
2010, Book chapter, Tree rings and natural hazards; Volume 41 of the series Advances in global change research
Because many tree species can live for several centuries or longer (Brown 1996), tree-ring analysis can be a valuable tool to date geomorphic events such as landslides, earthquakes, and avalanches in regions lacking long historical records. Typically, a catastrophic landslide will destroy all trees on the landslide, but trees on...
Empirical evaluation of predator-driven diel vertical migration in Lake Superior
J.D. Stockwell, T.R. Hrabik, O.P. Jensen, D.L. Yule, M. Balge
2010, Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences (67) 473-485
Recent studies on Lake Superior suggest that diel vertical migration (DVM) of prey (generalized Coregonus spp.) may be influenced by the density of predatory siscowet (Salvelinus namaycush). We empirically evaluated this hypothesis using data from acoustic, midwater trawl, and bottom trawl sampling at eight Lake Superior sites during three seasons...
Soil organic carbon stocks in Alaska estimated with spatial and pedon data
Norman B. Bliss, J. Maursetter
2010, Soil Science Society of America Journal (74) 565-579
Temperatures in high-latitude ecosystems are increasing faster than the average rate of global warming, which may lead to a positive feedback for climate change by increasing the respiration rates of soil organic C. If a positive feedback is confirmed, soil C will represent a source of greenhouse gases that is...
Impact craters on Titan
C. A. Wood, R. Lorenz, R. Kirk, R. Lopes, Ken Mitchell, E. Stofan
2010, Icarus (206) 334-344
Five certain impact craters and 44 additional nearly certain and probable ones have been identified on the 22% of Titan's surface imaged by Cassini's high-resolution radar through December 2007. The certain craters have morphologies similar to impact craters on rocky planets, as well as two with radar bright, jagged rims....
Predicting the probability and volume of postwildfire debris flows in the intermountain western United States
S.H. Cannon, J.E. Gartner, M.G. Rupert, J. A. Michael, A. H. Rea, C. Parrett
2010, Geological Society of America Bulletin (122) 127-144
Empirical models to estimate the probability of occurrence and volume of postwildfire debris flows can be quickly implemented in a geographic information system (GIS) to generate debris-flow hazard maps either before or immediately following wildfires. Models that can be used to calculate the probability of debris-flow production from individual drainage...
Evolution of a natural debris flow: In situ measurements of flow dynamics, video imagery, and terrestrial laser scanning
S.W. McCoy, J. W. Kean, J. A. Coe, D.M. Staley, T.A. Wasklewicz, G.E. Tucker
2010, Geology (38) 735-738
Many theoretical and laboratory studies have been undertaken to understand debris-flow processes and their associated hazards. However, complete and quantitative data sets from natural debris flows needed for confirmation of these results are limited. We used a novel combination of in situ measurements of debris-flow dynamics, video imagery, and pre-...
Population dynamics of spotted owls in the Sierra Nevada, California
J.A. Blakesley, M.E. Seamans, M.M. Conner, A.B. Franklin, Gary C. White, R. J. Gutierrez, J.E. Hines, J.D. Nichols, T.E. Munton, D.W.H. Shaw, J.J. Keane, G.N. Steger, T. L. McDonald
2010, Wildlife Monographs 1-36
The California spotted owl (Strix occidentalis occidentalis) is the only spotted owl subspecies not listed as threatened or endangered under the United States Endangered Species Act despite petitions to list it as threatened. We conducted a meta-analysis of population data for 4 populations in the southern Cascades and Sierra Nevada,...
Late Hesperian plains formation and degradation in a low sedimentation zone of the northern lowlands of Mars
J.A.P. Rodriguez, K. L. Tanaka, D.C. Berman, J.S. Kargel
2010, Icarus (210) 116-134
The plains materials that form the martian northern lowlands suggest large-scale sedimentation in this part of the planet. The general view is that these sedimentary materials were transported from zones of highland erosion via outflow channels and other fluvial systems. The study region, the northern circum-polar plains south of Gemini...
Environmental tolerance of an invasive riparian tree and its potential for continued spread in the southwestern US
L.V. Reynolds, D.J. Cooper
2010, Journal of Vegetation Science (21) 733-743
Questions: Exotic plant invasion may be aided by facilitation and broad tolerance of environmental conditions, yet these processes are poorly understood in species-rich ecosystems such as riparian zones. In the southwestern United States (US) two plant species have invaded riparian zones: tamarisk (Tamarix ramosissima, T. chinensis, and their hybrids) and...
Ground-motion modeling of Hayward fault scenario earthquakes, part I: Construction of the suite of scenarios
Brad T. Aagaard, Robert W. Graves, David P. Schwartz, David A. Ponce, Russell W. Graymer
2010, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (100) 2927-2944
We construct kinematic earthquake rupture models for a suite of 39 Mw 6.6-7.2 scenario earthquakes involving the Hayward, Calaveras, and Rodgers Creek faults. We use these rupture models in 3D ground-motion simulations as discussed in Part II (Aagaard et al., 2010) to provide detailed estimates of the shaking for each...
Attributes for MRB_E2RF1 Catchments by Major River Basins in the Conterminous United States: NLCD 2001 Tree Canopy
Michael Wieczorek, Andrew E. LaMotte
2010, Data Series 491-06
This tabular data set represents the mean percent tree canopy from the Canopy Layer of the National Land Cover Dataset 2001 (LaMotte and Wieczorek, 2010), compiled for every MRB_E2RF1 catchment of Major River Basins (MRBs, Crawford and others, 2006). The source data set represents tree canopy percentage for the conterminous...
Recorded motions of the 6 April 2009 Mw 6.3 L'Aquila, Italy, earthquake and implications for building structural damage: Overview
M. Çelebi, P. Bazzurro, L. Chiaraluce, P. Clemente, L. Decanini, A. Desortis, W. Ellsworth, A. Gorini, E. Kalkan, S. Marcucci, G. Milana, F. Mollaioli, M. Olivieri, R. Paolucci, D. Rinaldis, A. Rovelli, F. Sabetta, C. Stephens
2010, Earthquake Spectra (26) 651-684
The normal-faulting earthquake of 6 April 2009 in the Abruzzo Region of central Italy caused heavy losses of life and substantial damage to centuriesold buildings of significant cultural importance and to modern reinforcedconcrete- framed buildings with hollow masonry infill walls. Although structural deficiencies were significant and widespread, the study of...
A new capture fraction method to map how pumpage affects surface water flow
S. A. Leake, H. W. Reeves, J.E. Dickinson
2010, Ground Water (48) 690-700
All groundwater pumped is balanced by removal of water somewhere, initially from storage in the aquifer and later from capture in the form of increase in recharge and decrease in discharge. Capture that results in a loss of water in streams, rivers, and wetlands now is a concern in many...
