Reducing streamflow forecast uncertainty: Application and qualitative assessment of the upper klamath river Basin, Oregon
L.E. Hay, G.J. McCabe, M.P. Clark, J. C. Risley
2009, Journal of the American Water Resources Association (45) 580-596
The accuracy of streamflow forecasts depends on the uncertainty associated with future weather and the accuracy of the hydrologic model that is used to produce the forecasts. We present a method for streamflow forecasting where hydrologic model parameters are selected based on the climate state. Parameter sets for a hydrologic...
Scientific communications: Re-Os sulfide (bornite, chalcopyrite, and pyrite) systematics of the carbonate-hosted copper deposits at ruby creek, southern brooks range, Alaska
D. Selby, K.D. Kelley, M.W. Hitzman, J. Zieg
2009, Economic Geology (104) 437-444
New Re-Os data for chalcopyrite, bornite, and pyrite from the carbonate-hosted Cu deposit at Ruby Creek (Bornite), Alaska, show extremely high Re abundances (hundreds of ppb, low ppm) and contain essentially no common Os. The Re-Os data provide the first absolute ages of ore formation for the carbonate-hosted Ruby Creek...
Constraints on deep moonquake focal mechanisms through analyses of tidal stress
R.C. Weber, B.G. Bills, C.L. Johnson
2009, Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets (114)
[1] A relationship between deep moonquake occurrence and tidal forcing is suggested by the monthly periodicities observed in the occurrence times of events recorded by the Apollo Passive Seismic Experiment. In addition, the typically large S wave to P wave arrival amplitude ratios observed on deep moonquake seismograms are indicative...
Avian response to early tidal salt marsh restoration at former commercial salt evaporation ponds in San Francisco Bay, California, USA
Nicole D. Athearn, John Y. Takekawa, Joel Shinn
2009, Natural Resources and Environmental Issues (15) 77-86
Restoration of former commercial salt evaporation ponds in the San Francisco Bay estuary is intended to reverse a severe decline (>79%) in tidal salt marshes. San Francisco Bay is a critical migratory stopover site and wintering area for shorebirds and waterfowl, and salt ponds are important high tide roosting and...
Urban streams across the USA: Lessons learned from studies in 9 metropolitan areas
Larry R. Brown, Thomas F. Cuffney, James F. Coles, Faith A. Fitzpatrick, Gerard McMahon, Jeffrey Steuer, Amanda H. Bell, Jason T. May
2009, Journal of the North American Benthological Society (28) 1051-1069
Studies of the effects of urbanization on stream ecosystems have usually focused on single metropolitan areas. Synthesis of the results of such studies have been useful in developing general conceptual models of the effects of urbanization, but the strength of such generalizations is enhanced by applying consistent study designs and...
Relation of urbanization to stream fish assemblages and species traits in nine metropolitan areas of the United States
Larry R. Brown, M. Brian Gregory, Jason T. May
2009, Urban Ecosystems (12) 391-416
We examined associations of fish assemblages and fish traits with urbanization and selected environmental variables in nine major United States metropolitan areas. The strongest relations between fishes and urbanization occurred in the metropolitan areas of Atlanta, Georgia; Birmingham, Alabama; Boston, Massachusetts; and Portland, Oregon. In these areas, environmental variables with...
Mercury concentrations and loads in a large river system tributary to San Francisco Bay, California, USA
N. David, L.J. McKee, F.J. Black, A.R. Flegal, C.H. Conaway, D. H. Schoellhamer, N. K. Ganju
2009, Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (28) 2091-2100
In order to estimate total mercury (HgT) loads entering San Francisco Bay, USA, via the Sacramento-San Joaquin River system, unfiltered water samples were collected between January 2002 and January 2006 during high flow events and analyzed for HgT. Unfiltered HgT concentrations ranged from 3.2 to 75 ng/L and showed a...
Developing consistent Landsat data sets for large area applications: the MRLC 2001 protocol
G. Chander, Chengquan Huang, Limin Yang, Collin G. Homer, C. Larson
2009, IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters (6) 777-781
One of the major efforts in large area land cover mapping over the last two decades was the completion of two U.S. National Land Cover Data sets (NLCD), developed with nominal 1992 and 2001 Landsat imagery under the auspices of the MultiResolution Land Characteristics (MRLC) Consortium. Following the successful generation...
Identification of hydrated silicate minerals on Mars using MRO-CRISM: Geologic context near Nili Fossae and implications for aqueous alteration
B.L. Ehlmann, J.F. Mustard, G.A. Swayze, R. N. Clark, J.L. Bishop, F. Poulet, D.J. Des Marais, L.H. Roach, R.E. Milliken, J.J. Wray, O. Barnouin-Jha, S.L. Murchie
2009, Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets (114)
[1] The Noachian terrain west of the Isidis basin hosts a diverse collection of alteration minerals in rocks comprising varied geomorphic units within a 100,000 km2 region in and near the Nili Fossae. Prior investigations in this region by the Observatoire pour l'Minéralogie, l'Eau, les Glaces,...
Shifts in lake N: P stoichiometry and nutrient limitation driven by atmospheric nitrogen deposition
J.J. Elser, T. Andersen, Jill Baron, A.-K. Bergstrom, M. Jansson, M. Kyle, K. R. Nydick, L. Steger, D.O. Hessen
2009, Science (326) 835-837
Human activities have more than doubled the amount of nitrogen (N) circulating in the biosphere. One major pathway of this anthropogenic N input into ecosystems has been increased regional deposition from the atmosphere. Here we show that atmospheric N deposition increased the stoichiometric ratio of N and phosphorus (P) in...
Performance of temperature and dissolved oxygen criteria to predict habitat use by lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush)
J.M. Plumb, P.J. Blanchfield
2009, Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences (66) 2011-2023
We compared theoretical habitat volumes, determined from traditional combinations of temperature and dissolved oxygen concentration (DO) boundaries, with in situ habitat use by acoustically tagged lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush). The widely used criteria of 8–12 °C underestimated lake trout habitat use by 68%–80%. Instead, combined temperature (<12 or 15 °C)...
Chapter 3 - Phenomenology of tsunamis: Statistical properties from generation to runup
Eric L. Geist
2009, Advances in Geophysics (51) 107-169
Observations related to tsunami generation, propagation, and runup are reviewed and described in a phenomenological framework. In the three coastal regimes considered (near-field broadside, near-field oblique, and far field), the observed maximum wave amplitude is associated with different parts of the tsunami wavefield. The maximum amplitude in the near-field broadside...
Heritage strain and diet of wild young of year and yearling lake trout in the main basin of Lake Huron
E.F. Roseman, W. Stott, T. P. O’Brien, S.C. Riley, J.S. Schaeffer
2009, Journal of Great Lakes Research (35) 620-626
Restoration of lake trout Salvelinus namaycush stocks in Lake Huron is a fish community objective developed to promote sustainable fish communities in the lake. Between 1985 and 2004, 12.65 million lake trout were stocked into Lake Huron representing eight different genetic strains. Collections of bona fide wild fish in USGS...
Quantifying uncertainty in discharge measurements: A new approach
J.E. Kiang, T.A. Cohn, R.R. Mason
2009, Conference Paper, Proceedings of World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2009 - World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2009: Great Rivers
The accuracy of discharge measurements using velocity meters and the velocity-area method is typically assessed based on empirical studies that may not correspond to conditions encountered in practice. In this paper, a statistical approach for assessing uncertainty based on interpolated variance estimation (IVE) is introduced. The IVE method quantifies all...
Sediment losses and gains across a gradient of livestock grazing and plant invasion in a cool, semi-arid grassland, Colorado Plateau, USA
Jayne Belnap, Richard L. Reynolds, Marith C. Reheis, Susan L. Phillips, Frank Urban, Harland L. Goldstein
2009, Aeolian Research (1) 27-43
Large sediment fluxes can have significant impacts on ecosystems. We measured incoming and outgoing sediment across a gradient of soil disturbance (livestock grazing, plowing) and annual plant invasion for 9 years. Our sites included two currently ungrazed sites: one never grazed by livestock and dominated by perennial grasses/well-developed biocrusts and...
Ice and water on Newberry Volcano, central Oregon
Julie M. Donnelly-Nolan, Robert A. Jensen
Jim O’Connor, Ian P. Madin, Rebecca Dorsey, editor(s)
2009, Book chapter, Volcanoes to vineyards: Geologic field trips through the dynamic landscape of the Pacific Northwest
Newberry Volcano in central Oregon is dry over much of its vast area, except for the lakes in the caldera and the single creek that drains them. Despite the lack of obvious glacial striations and well-formed glacial moraines, evidence indicates that Newberry was glaciated. Meter-sized foreign blocks, commonly with smoothed...
A framework for implementing biodiversity offsets: selecting sites and determining scale
Joseph M. Kiesecker, Holly Copeland, Amy Pocewicz, Nate Nibbelink, Bruce McKenney, John Dahlke, Matthew J. Holloran, Dan Stroud
2009, BioScience (59) 77-84
Biodiversity offsets provide a mechanism for maintaining or enhancing environmental values in situations where development is sought despite detrimental environmental impacts. They seek to ensure that unavoidable negative environmental impacts of development are balanced by environmental gains, with the overall aim of achieving a net neutral or positive outcome. Once...
Experimental infection of a North American raptor, American kestrel (Falco sparverius), with highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (H5N1)
Jeffrey S. Hall, Hon S. Ip, J. C. Franson, C. Meteyer, Sean W. Nashold, Joshua L. Teslaa, J. French, P. Redig, C. Brand
2009, PLoS ONE (4)
Several species of wild raptors have been found in Eurasia infected with highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (HPAIV) subtype H5N1. Should HPAIV (H5N1) reach North America in migratory birds, species of raptors are at risk not only from environmental exposure, but also from consuming infected birds and carcasses. In this...
Evaluating wildlife response to coastal dune habitat restoration in san francisco, california
W. Russell, J. Shulzitski, A. Setty
2009, Ecological Restoration (27) 439-448
The vast dune system that once dominated the entire western half of the San Francisco peninsula in California has been reduced to a few fragments that conserve locally threatened plant and animal species. We measured the effects of ongoing restoration efforts on wildlife abundance and diversity on one of the...
Genetic susceptibility to chronic wasting disease in free-ranging white-tailed deer: complement component C1q and Prnp polymorphisms
Julie A. Blanchong, Dennis M. Heisey, Kim T. Scribner, Scot V. Libants, Chad Johnson, Judd M. Aiken, Julia A. Langenberg, Michael D. Samuel
2009, Infection, Genetics and Evolution (9) 1329-1335
The genetic basis of susceptibility to chronic wasting disease (CWD) in free-ranging cervids is of great interest. Association studies of disease susceptibility in free-ranging populations, however, face considerable challenges including: the need for large sample sizes when disease is rare, animals of unknown pedigree create a risk of spurious results...
Seismic reflection characteristics of naturally-induced subsidence affecting transportation
R. D. Miller, J. Xia, D.W. Steeples
2009, Conference Paper, Journal of Earth Science
High-resolution seismic reflections have been used effectively to investigate sinkholes formed from the dissolution of a bedded salt unit found throughout most of Central Kansas. Surface subsidence can have devastating effects on transportation structures. Roads, rails, bridges, and pipelines can even be dramatically affected by minor ground instability. Areas susceptible...
Compositions of modern dust and surface sediments in the Desert Southwest, United States
M.C. Reheis, J. R. Budahn, P. J. Lamothe, R. L. Reynolds
2009, Journal of Geophysical Research F: Earth Surface (114)
Modern dusts across southwestern United States deserts are compositionally similar to dust-rich Av soil horizons (depths of 0-0.5 cm and 1-4 cm at 35 sites) for common crustal elements but distinctly different for some trace elements. Chemical compositions and magnetic properties of the soil samples are similar among sites relative...
Porites randalli: A new coral species (Scleractinia, Poritidae) from American Samoa
Zac H. Forsman, Charles Birkeland
2009, Zootaxa (2244) 51-59
A new species of scleractinian coral, Porites randalli spec. nov. (Scleractinia, Poritidae), previously known as Porites sp. 2, is described from American Samoa. P. randalli typically forms small pale green colonies that are usually Porites randalli spec. nov. is an example of cryptic diversity; it is a small coral that at first glance can be overlooked or mistaken for a young colony of other...
Monitoring of land subsidence and ground fissures in Xian, China 2005-2006: Mapped by sar Interferometry
C.Y. Zhao, Q. Zhang, X.-L. Ding, Z. Lu, C.S. Yang, X.M. Qi
2009, Environmental Geology (58) 1533-1540
The City of Xian, China, has been experiencing significant land subsidence and ground fissure activities since 1960s, which have brought various severe geohazards including damages to buildings, bridges and other facilities. Monitoring of land subsidence and ground fissure activities can provide useful information for assessing the extent of, and mitigating...
Fledging success is a poor indicator of the effects of bird blow flies on ovenbird survival
Sean M. Peterson, Henry M. Streby, Paul M. Kapfer
2009, Condor (111) 193-197
Infestations of bird blow flies (Protocalliphora spp. and Trypocalliphora braueri) have various negative effects on the condition of nestling birds. In the absence of other stressors such as inclement weather, however, infestation alone rarely reduces fledging success. Previous studies have documented effects of blow flies on nestling condition and fledging success. Without...
