Suggested notation conventions for rotational seismology
J.R. Evans
2009, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (99) 1073-1075
We note substantial inconsistency among authors discussing rotational motions observed with inertial seismic sensors (and much more so in the broader topic of rotational phenomena). Working from physics and other precedents, we propose standard terminology and a preferred reference frame for inertial sensors (Fig. 1) that may be consistently used...
The morphology and distribution of submerged reefs in the Maui-Nui Complex, Hawaii: New insights into their evolution since the Early Pleistocene
Iain D.E. Faichney, James M. Webster, David A. Clague, Chris Kelley, Bruce Applegate, James G. Moore
2009, Marine Geology (265) 130-145
Reef drowning and backstepping have long been recognised as reef responses to sea-level rise on subsiding margins. During the Late Pleistocene (~500–14 ka) Hawaiian reefs grew in response to rapid subsidence and 120 m 100 kyr sea-level cycles, with recent work on the submerged drowned reefs around the...
An Integrated Social, Economic, and Ecologic Conceptual (ISEEC) framework for considering rangeland sustainability
W.E. Fox, D.W. McCollum, J.E. Mitchell, L.E. Swanson, U.P. Kreuter, J.A. Tanaka, G.R. Evans, Heintz H. Theodore, R.P. Breckenridge, P.H. Geissler
2009, Society and Natural Resources (22) 593-606
Currently, there is no standard method to assess the complex systems in rangeland ecosystems. Decision makers need baselines to create a common language of current rangeland conditions and standards for continued rangeland assessment. The Sustainable Rangeland Roundtable (SRR), a group of private and public organizations and agencies, has created a...
Geomorphic controls on mercury accumulation in soils from a historically mined watershed, Central California Coast Range, USA
J.M. Holloway, M. B. Goldhaber, J.M. Morrison
2009, Applied Geochemistry (24) 1538-1548
Historic Hg mining in the Cache Creek watershed in the Central California Coast Range has contributed to the downstream transport of Hg to the San Francisco Bay-Delta. Different aspects of Hg mobilization in soils, including pedogenesis, fluvial redistribution of sediment, volatilization and eolian transport were considered. The greatest soil concentrations...
Accretionary orogens through Earth history
Peter A. Cawood, A. Kroner, W.J. Collins, T.M. Kusky, Walter D. Mooney, B.F. Windley
2009, Geological Society Special Publication 1-36
Accretionary orogens form at intraoceanic and continental margin convergent plate boundaries. They include the supra-subduction zone forearc, magmatic arc and back-arc components. Accretionary orogens can be grouped into retreating and advancing types, based on their kinematic framework and resulting geological character. Retreating orogens (e.g. modern western Pacific) are undergoing long-term...
Male Kirtland's Warblers' patch-level response to landscape structure during periods of varying population size and habitat amounts
D.M. Donner, C. A. Ribic, J.R. Probst
2009, Forest Ecology and Management (258) 1093-1101
Forest planners must evaluate how spatiotemporal changes in habitat amount and configuration across the landscape as a result of timber management will affect species' persistence. However, there are few long-term programs available for evaluation. We investigated the response of male Kirtland's Warbler (Dendroica kirtlandii) to 26 years of changing patch...
Thermal characteristics of amphibian microhabitats in a fire-disturbed landscape
B. R. Hossack, L.A. Eby, C.G. Guscio, P.S. Corn
2009, Forest Ecology and Management (258) 1414-1421
Disturbance has long been a central issue in amphibian conservation, often regarding negative effects of logging or other forest management activities, but some amphibians seem to prefer disturbed habitats. After documenting increased use of recently burned forests by boreal toads (Bufo boreas), we hypothesized that burned habitats provided improved thermal...
U-Pb zircon ages from the southwestern Karoo Basin, South Africa - Implications for the Permian-Triassic boundary
A. Fildani, A. Weislogel, N.J. Drinkwater, T. McHargue, A. Tankard, J. Wooden, D. Hodgson, S. Flint
2009, Geology (37) 719-722
U-Pb ages determined using sensitive high-resolution ion microprobe-reverse geometry on 205 single-grain zircons from 16 ash beds within submarine fan deposits of the Ecca Group provide the first evidence of a marine Permian-Triassic (P-T) boundary in the Karoo Basin of South Africa. These U-Pb ages provide an objective basis for...
Modeled ground water age distributions
Linda R. Woolfenden, Timothy R. Ginn
2009, Ground Water (47) 547-557
The age of ground water in any given sample is a distributed quantity representing distributed provenance (in space and time) of the water. Conventional analysis of tracers such as unstable isotopes or anthropogenic chemical species gives discrete or binary measures of the presence of water of a given age. Modeled...
The influence of wellbore inflow on electromagnetic borehole flowmeter measurements
T. Clemo, W. Barrash, E.C. Reboulet, T.C. Johnson, C. Leven
2009, Ground Water (47) 515-525
This paper describes a combined field, laboratory, and numerical study of electromagnetic borehole flowmeter measurements acquired without the use of a packer or skirt to block bypass flow around the flowmeter. The most significant finding is that inflow through the wellbore screen changes the ratio of flow through the flowmeter...
Bacterial and archaeal phylogenetic diversity of a cold sulfur-rich spring on the shoreline of Lake Erie, Michigan
A. Chaudhary, S.K. Haack, J.W. Duris, T.L. Marsh
2009, Applied and Environmental Microbiology (75) 5025-5036
Studies of sulfidic springs have provided new insights into microbial metabolism, groundwater biogeochemistry, and geologic processes. We investigated Great Sulphur Spring on the western shore of Lake Erie and evaluated the phylogenetic affiliations of 189 bacterial and 77 archaeal 16S rRNA gene sequences from three habitats: the spring origin (11-m...
A survey of the occurrence of Bacillus anthracis in North American soils over two long-range transects and within post-Katrina New Orleans
Dale W. Griffin, T. Petrosky, S.A. Morman, V.A. Luna
2009, Applied Geochemistry (24) 1464-1471
Soil samples were collected along a north-south transect extending from Manitoba, Canada, to the US-Mexico border near El Paso, Texas in 2004 (104 samples), a group of sites within New Orleans, Louisiana following Hurricane Katrina in 2005 (19 samples), and a Gulf Coast transect extending from Sulphur, Louisiana, to DeFuniak...
Modeling utilization distributions in space and time
K.A. Keating, S. Cherry
2009, Ecology (90) 1971-1980
W. Van Winkle defined the utilization distribution (UD) as a probability density that gives an animal's relative frequency of occurrence in a two-dimensional (x, y) plane. We extend Van Winkle's work by redefining the UD as the relative frequency distribution of an animal's occurrence in all four dimensions of space...
Pilot- and bench-scale testing of faecal indicator bacteria survival in marine beach sand near point sources
K.B. Mika, G. Imamura, C. Chang, V. Conway, G. Fernandez, J.F. Griffith, R.A. Kampalath, C.M. Lee, C.-C. Lin, R. Moreno, S. Thompson, R.L. Whitman, J.A. Jay
2009, Journal of Applied Microbiology (107) 72-84
Aim: Factors affecting faecal indicator bacteria (FIB) and pathogen survival/persistence in sand remain largely unstudied. This work elucidates how biological and physical factors affect die-off in beach sand following sewage spills. Methods and Results: Solar disinfection with mechanical mixing was pilot-tested as a disinfection procedure after a large sewage spill...
Volcano-tectonic implications of 3-D velocity structures derived from joint active and passive source tomography of the island of Hawaii
J. Park, J.K. Morgan, C.A. Zelt, P. G. Okubo
2009, Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth (114)
We present a velocity model of the onshore and offshore regions around the southern part of the island of Hawaii, including southern Mauna Kea, southeastern Hualalai, and the active volcanoes of Mauna Loa, and Kilauea, and Loihi seamount. The velocity model was inverted from about 200,000 first-arrival traveltime picks of...
Recolonization of gravel habitats on Georges Bank (northwest Atlantic)
Jeremy S. Collie, Jerome M. Hermsen, Page C. Valentine
2009, Deep-Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography (56) 1847-1855
Gravel habitats on continental shelves around the world support productive fisheries but are also vulnerable to disturbance from bottom fishing. We conducted a 2-year in situ experiment to measure the rate of colonization of a gravel habitat on northern Georges Bank in an area closed to fishing (Closed Area II)...
EMAG2: A 2-arc min resolution Earth Magnetic Anomaly Grid compiled from satellite, airborne, and marine magnetic measurements
S. Maus, U. Barckhausen, H. Berkenbosch, N. Bournas, J. Brozena, V. Childers, F. Dostaler, J.D. Fairhead, Carol A. Finn, Ralph R. B. von Frese, C. Gaina, S. Golynsky, R. Kucks, Hai Lu, P. Milligan, S. Mogren, R.D. Muller, O. Olesen, M. Pilkington, R. Saltus, B. Schreckenberger, E. Thebault, F.C. Tontini
2009, Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems (10)
A global Earth Magnetic Anomaly Grid (EMAG2) has been compiled from satellite, ship, and airborne magnetic measurements. EMAG2 is a significant update of our previous candidate grid for the World Digital Magnetic Anomaly Map. The resolution has been improved from 3 arc min to 2 arc min, and the altitude...
Inventories and mobilization of unsaturated zone sulfate, fluoride, and chloride related to land use change in semiarid regions, southwestern United States and Australia
Bridget R. Scanlon, David A. Stonestrom, Robert C. Reedy, Fred W. Leaney, John Gates, Richard G. Cresswell
2009, Water Resources Research (45)
Unsaturated zone salt reservoirs are potentially mobilized by increased groundwater recharge as semiarid lands are cultivated. This study explores the amounts of pore water sulfate and fluoride relative to chloride in unsaturated zone profiles, evaluates their sources, estimates mobilization due to past land use change, and assesses the impacts on...
Parasites of the mink frog (Rana septentrionalis) from Minnesota, U.S.A.
Anna M. Schotthoefer, M. G. Bolek, Rebecca A. Cole, Val R. Beasley
2009, Comparative Parasitology (76) 240-246
Twenty-two mink frogs, Rana septentrionalis, collected from two locations in Minnesota, United States, were examined for helminth and protozoan blood parasites in July 1999. A total of 16 parasite taxa were recovered including 5 larval digenean trematodes, 7 adult digenean trematodes, 3 nematodes, and 1 Trypanosoma species. Infracommunities were dominated by...
Spatial fuel data products of the LANDFIRE Project
M.C. Reeves, K.C. Ryan, M.G. Rollins, T.G. Thompson
2009, International Journal of Wildland Fire (18) 250-267
The Landscape Fire and Resource Management Planning Tools (LANDFIRE) Project is mapping wildland fuels, vegetation, and fire regime characteristics across the United States. The LANDFIRE project is unique because of its national scope, creating an integrated product suite at 30-m spatial resolution and complete spatial coverage of all lands within...
Links between fluid circulation, temperature, and metamorphism in subducting slabs
G.A. Spinelli, K. Wang
2009, Geophysical Research Letters (36)
The location and timing of metamorphic reactions in subducting lithosph??re are influenced by thermal effects of fluid circulation in the ocean crust aquifer. Fluid circulation in subducting crust extracts heat from the Nankai subduction zone, causing the crust to pass through cooler metamorphic faci??s than if no fluid circulation occurs....
Prioritizing removal of dams for passage of diadromous fishes on a major river system
P.M. Kocovsky, R. M. Ross, D. S. Dropkin
2009, River Research and Applications (25) 107-117
Native diadromous fishes have been extirpated from much of the Susquehanna River system for nearly a century. Recent restoration efforts have focused on removal of dams, but there are hundreds of dams and presently there is no biologically based system to assist in prioritizing their removal. We present a new...
Visualizing fossilization using laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry maps of trace elements in Late Cretaceous bones
A.E. Koenig, R.R. Rogers, C.N. Trueman
2009, Geology (37) 511-514
Elemental maps generated by laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) provide a previously unavailable high-resolution visualization of the complex physicochemical conditions operating within individual bones during the early stages of diagenesis and fossilization. A selection of LA-ICP-MS maps of bones collected from the Late Cretaceous of Montana (United States) and...
Mapping potentialy asbestos-bearing rocks using imaging spectroscopy
G.A. Swayze, R.F. Kokaly, C.T. Higgins, J.P. Clinkenbeard, R. N. Clark, H.A. Lowers, S. J. Sutley
2009, Geology (37) 763-766
Rock and soil that may contain naturally occurring asbestos (NOA), a known human carcinogen, were mapped in the Sierra Nevada, California, using the Airborne Visible/Infrared Imaging Spectrometer (AVIRIS) to determine if these materials could be uniquely identified with spectroscopy. Such information can be used to prepare or refine maps of...
Species richness, relative abundance, and habitat associations of nocturnal birds along the rio grande in Southern texas
M.K. Skoruppa, M.C. Woodin, G. Blacklock
2009, Southwestern Naturalist (54) 317-323
The segment of the Rio Grande between International Falcon Reservoir and Del Rio, Texas (distance ca. 350 km), remains largely unexplored ornithologically. We surveyed nocturnal birds monthly during February-June 1998 at 19 stations along the Rio Grande (n = 6) and at upland stock ponds (n = 13) in Webb...
