Symbiotic regulation of plant growth, development and reproduction
R. J. Rodriguez, D. Carl Freeman, E.D. McArthur, Y.-O. Kim, R. S. Redman
2009, Communitative and Integrative Biology (2) 141-143
The growth and development of rice (Oryzae sativa) seedlings was shown to be regulated epigenetically by a fungal endophyte. In contrast to un-inoculated (nonsymbiotic) plants, endophyte colonized (symbiotic) plants preferentially allocated resources into root growth until root hairs were well established. During that time symbiotic roots expanded at five times...
Stress evolution following the 1999 Chi-Chi, Taiwan, earthquake: Consequences for afterslip, relaxation, aftershocks and departures from Omori decay
C.-H. Chan, R.S. Stein
2009, Geophysical Journal International (177) 179-192
We explore how Coulomb stress transfer and viscoelastic relaxation control afterslip and aftershocks in a continental thrust fault system. The 1999 September 21 Mw = 7.6 Chi-Chi shock is typical of continental ramp-d??collement systems throughout the world, and so inferences drawn from this uniquely well-recorded event may be widely applicable....
Brood rearing ecology of king eiders on the north slope of Alaska
Laura M. Phillips, Abby N. Powell
2009, Wilson Journal of Ornithology (121) 430-434
We examined King Eider (Somateria spectabilis) brood survival in the Kuparak oil field in northern Alaska in 2002 and 2003 by monitoring hens with broods using radiotelemetry. We observed complete brood loss in eight of 10 broods. Broods survived less than 2 weeks on average, and most mortality occurred within...
Site condition, structure, and growth of baldcypress along tidal/non-tidal salinity gradients
K. W. Krauss, J.A. Duberstein, T.W. Doyle, W.H. Conner, Richard H. Day, L.W. Inabinette, J.L. Whitbeck
2009, Wetlands (29) 505-519
This report documents changes in forest structure and growth potential of dominant trees in salt-impacted tidal and non-tidal baldcypress wetlands of the southeastern United States. We inventoried basal area and tree height, and monitored incremental growth (in basal area) of codominant baldcypress (Taxodium distichum) trees monthly, for over four years,...
Toward immunogenetic studies of amphibian chytridiomycosis: Linking innate and acquired immunity
J.Q. Richmond, Anna E. Savage, Kelly R. Zamudio, E.B. Rosenblum
2009, BioScience (59) 311-320
Recent declines in amphibian diversity and abundance have contributed significantly to the global loss of biodiversity. The fungal disease chytridiomycosis is widely considered to be a primary cause of these declines, yet the critical question of why amphibian species differ in susceptibility remains unanswered. Considerable evidence links environmental conditions and...
Effects of rodent community diversity and composition on prevalence of an endemic bacterial pathogen - Bartonella
Y. Bai, M.Y. Kosoy, C.H. Calisher, J.F. Cully Jr., S.K. Collinge
2009, Biodiversity (10) 3-11
By studying Bartonella prevalence in rodent communities from 23 geographic sites in the western United States and one site in northern Mexico, the present study focused on the effects of rodent community diversity (measured by richness and Shannon index) and composition on prevalence of Bartonella infections. The analysis showed negative correlations of Bartonella prevalence with rodent...
Influence of resolution in irrigated area mapping and area estimation
N.M. Velpuri, P.S. Thenkabail, M.K. Gumma, C. Biradar, V. Dheeravath, P. Noojipady, L. Yuanjie
2009, Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing (75) 1383-1395
The overarching goal of this paper was to determine how irrigated areas change with resolution (or scale) of imagery. Specific objectives investigated were to (a) map irrigated areas using four distinct spatial resolutions (or scales), (b) determine how irrigated areas change with resolutions, and (c) establish the causes of differences...
An experimental study of hydromagmatic fragmentation through energetic, non-explosive magma-water mixing
L.G. Mastin, O. Spieler, W.S. Downey
2009, Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research (180) 161-170
In this paper we report the first experimental investigation of non-explosive hydromagmatic fragmentation during energetic mixing with water. We mix magma and water by two methods: (1) pouring a basaltic melt between two converging water sprays; and (2) jetting basaltic melt at high pressure (3??MPa) through a nozzle into a...
Hematology of healthy Florida manatees (Trichechus manatus)
J. W. Harvey, K.E. Harr, D. Murphy, M.T. Walsh, E.C. Nolan, R. K. Bonde, M.G. Pate, C. J. Deutsch, H.H. Edwards, W.L. Clapp
2009, Veterinary Clinical Pathology (38) 183-193
Background: Hematologic analysis is an important tool in evaluating the general health status of free-ranging manatees and in the diagnosis and monitoring of rehabilitating animals. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate diagnostically important hematologic analytes in healthy manatees (Trichechus manatus) and to assess variations with respect to...
Research in thermal biology: Burning questions for coldwater stream fishes
D.A. McCullough, J.M. Bartholow, H.I. Jager, R. L. Beschta, E.F. Cheslak, M.L. Deas, J. L. Ebersole, J.S. Foott, S. L. Johnson, K.R. Marine, M.G. Mesa, J.H. Petersen, Y. Souchon, K.F. Tiffan, W.A. Wurtsbaugh
2009, Reviews in Fisheries Science (17) 90-115
With the increasing appreciation of global warming impacts on ecological systems, in addition to the myriad of land management effects on water quality, the number of literature citations dealing with the effects of water temperature on freshwater fish has escalated in the past decade. Given the many biological scales at...
Web-client based distributed generalization and geoprocessing
E.B. Wolf, K. Howe
2009, Conference Paper, Proceedings of the International Conference on Advanced Geographic Information Systems and Web Services, GEOWS 2009
Generalization and geoprocessing operations on geospatial information were once the domain of complex software running on high-performance workstations. Currently, these computationally intensive processes are the domain of desktop applications. Recent efforts have been made to move geoprocessing operations server-side in a distributed, web accessible environment. This paper initiates research into...
Implications for the dynamic health of a glacier from comparison of conventional and reference-surface balances
W.D. Harrison, L.H. Cox, R. Hock, R.S. March, E.C. Pettit
2009, Annals of Glaciology (50) 25-30
Conventional and reference-surface mass-balance data from Gulkana and Wolverine Glaciers, Alaska, USA, are used to address the questions of how rapidly these glaciers are adjusting (or 'responding') to climate, whether their responses are stable, and whether the glaciers are likely to survive in today's climate. Instability means that a glacier...
Sex, season, and time of day interact to affect body temperatures of the Giant Gartersnake
G.D. Wylie, Michael L. Casazza, B.J. Halstead, C.J. Gregory
2009, Journal of Thermal Biology (34) 183-189
1.We examined multiple hypotheses regarding differences in body temperatures of the Giant Gartersnake using temperature-sensitive radio telemetry and an information-theoretic analytical approach.2.Giant Gartersnakes selected body temperatures near 30 ??C, and males and females had similar body temperatures most of the year, except during the midsummer gestation period.3.Seasonal differences in the...
Food habits of the hoary bat (LASIURUS CINEREUS) during spring migration through new mexico
E.W. Valdez, P.M. Cryan
2009, Southwestern Naturalist (54) 195-200
Hoary bats (Lasiums cinernis) exhibit continental patterns of migration that are unique to bats, but details about their behaviors during migration are lacking. We captured 177 hoary bats in spring and early summer 2002 as individuals migrated through the Sandia Mountains of north-central New Mexico. Our results support earlier observations...
Climatic implications of reconstructed early - Mid Pliocene equilibrium-line altitudes in the McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica
A.G. Krusic, M.L. Prentice, J. M. Licciardi
2009, Annals of Glaciology (50) 31-36
Early-mid Pliocene moraines in the McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica, are more extensive than the present alpine glaciers in this region, indicating substantial climatic differences between the early-mid Pliocene and the present. To quantify this difference in the glacier-climate regime, we estimated the equilibrium-line altitude (ELA) change since the early-mid Pliocene...
Biogeochemistry at a wetland sediment-alluvial aquifer interface in a landfill leachate plume
M.M. Lorah, I.M. Cozzarelli, J.K. Böhlke
2009, Journal of Contaminant Hydrology (105) 99-117
The biogeochemistry at the interface between sediments in a seasonally ponded wetland (slough) and an alluvial aquifer contaminated with landfill leachate was investigated to evaluate factors that can effect natural attenuation of landfill leachate contaminants in areas of groundwater/surface-water interaction. The biogeochemistry at the wetland-alluvial aquifer interface differed greatly between...
Observation and modeling of source effects in coda wave interferometry at Pavlof volcano
Matthew M. Haney, Wijik K. van, L.A. Preston, D.F. Aldridge
2009, The Leading Edge (28) 554-560
Sorting out source and path effects for seismic waves at volcanoes is critical for the proper interpretation of underlying volcanic processes. Source or path effects imply that seismic waves interact strongly with the volcanic subsurface, either through partial resonance in a conduit (Garces et al., 2000; Sturton and Neuberg, 2006)...
Evaluating the spatial variation of total mercury in young-of-year yellow perch (Perca flavescens), surface water and upland soil for watershed-lake systems within the southern Boreal Shield
M.C. Gabriel, R. Kolka, T. Wickman, E. Nater, Laurel G. Woodruff
2009, Science of the Total Environment (407) 4117-4126
The primary objective of this research is to investigate relationships between mercury in upland soil, lake water and fish tissue and explore the cause for the observed spatial variation of THg in age one yellow perch (Perca flavescens) for ten lakes within the Superior National Forest. Spatial relationships between yellow...
Recent status and trends of the land bird avifauna on Saipan, Mariana Islands, with emphasis on the endangered Nightingale Reed-warbler Acrocephalus luscinia
R.J. Camp, T.K. Pratt, A.P. Marshall, F. Amidon, L.L. Williams
2009, Bird Conservation International (19) 323-337
The avifauna of the Mariana Islands, an archipelago in the western Pacific, faces the threats of rapid economic development and the spread of non-native species, particularly a devastating predator, Brown Tree Snake Boiga irregularis. In this paper, we examine the status and trends of the land bird fauna of Saipan...
Vulnerability of a public supply well in a karstic aquifer to contamination
B. G. Katz, W.S. McBride, A.G. Hunt, C. A. Crandall, P. A. Metz, S. M. Eberts, M. P. Berndt
2009, Ground Water (47) 438-452
To assess the vulnerability of ground water to contamination in the karstic Upper Floridan aquifer (UFA), age-dating tracers and selected anthropogenic and naturally occurring compounds were analyzed in multiple water samples from a public supply well (PSW) near Tampa, Florida. Samples also were collected from 28 monitoring wells in the...
Climatic effects of 30 years of landscape change over the Greater Phoenix, Arizona, region: 1. Surface energy budget changes
M. Georgescu, G. Miguez-Macho, L. T. Steyaert, C.P. Weaver
2009, Journal of Geophysical Research D: Atmospheres (114)
This paper is part 1 of a two-part study that evaluates the climatic effects of recent landscape change for one of the nation's most rapidly expanding metropolitan complexes, the Greater Phoenix, Arizona, region. The region's landscape evolution over an approximate 30-year period since the early 1970s is documented on the...
Nitrate removal in stream ecosystems measured by 15N addition experiments: Denitrification
P. J. Mulholland, R. O. Hall Jr., D. J. Sobota, W. K. Dodds, S.E.G. Findlay, N. B. Grimm, S. K. Hamilton, W. H. McDowell, J. M. O’Brien, J. L. Tank, L. R. Ashkenas, L. W. Cooper, Clifford N. Dahm, S.V. Gregory, S. L. Johnson, J.L. Meyer, B. J. Peterson, G. C. Poole, H. M. Valett, J.R. Webster, C. P. Arango, J. J. Beaulieu, M. J. Bernot, A. J. Burgin, C. L. Crenshaw, A. M. Helton, L. T. Johnson, B.R. Niederlehner, J. D. Potter, R.W. Sheibley, S.M. Thomasn
2009, Limnology and Oceanography (54) 666-680
We measured denitrification rates using a field 15N-NO- 3 tracer-addition approach in a large, cross-site study of nitrate uptake in reference, agricultural, and suburban-urban streams. We measured denitrification rates in 49 of 72 streams studied. Uptake length due to denitrification (SWden) ranged from 89 m to 184 km (median of...
Gravity investigations of the Chesapeake Bay impact structure
J. B. Plescia, D. L. Daniels, A. K. Shah
2009, Special Paper of the Geological Society of America 181-193
The Chesapeake Bay impact structure is a complex impact crater, ??85 km in diameter, buried beneath postimpact sediments. Its main structural elements include a central uplift of crystalline bedrock, a surrounding inner crater filled with impact debris, and an annular faulted margin composed of block-faulted sediments. The gravity anomaly is...
Geology and geomorphology of Bear Lake Valley and upper Bear River, Utah and Idaho
M.C. Reheis, B.J.C. Laabs, D. S. Kaufman
2009, Special Paper of the Geological Society of America 15-48
Bear Lake, on the Idaho-Utah border, lies in a fault-bounded valley through which the Bear River flows en route to the Great Salt Lake. Surficial deposits in the Bear Lake drainage basin provide a geologic context for interpretation of cores from Bear Lake deposits. In addition to groundwater discharge, Bear...
Research on the middle-of-receiver-spread assumption of the MASW method
Y. Luo, J. Xia, J. Liu, Y. Xu, Q. Liu
2009, Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering (29) 71-79
The multichannel analysis of surface wave (MASW) method has been effectively used to determine near-surface shear- (S-) wave velocity. Estimating the S-wave velocity profile from Rayleigh-wave measurements is straightforward. A three-step process is required to obtain S-wave velocity profiles: acquisition of a multiple number of multichannel records along a linear...
