Improvements in the use of aquatic herbicides and establishment of future research directions
K.D. Getsinger, M.D. Netherland, C.E. Grue, T.J. Koschnick
2008, Conference Paper, Journal of Aquatic Plant Management
Peer-reviewed literature over the past 20 years identifies significant changes and improvements in chemical control strategies used to manage nuisance submersed vegetation. The invasive exotic plants hydrilla (Hydrilla verticillata L.f. Royle) and Eurasian watermilfoil (Myriophyllum spicatum L.) continue to spread and remain the plant species of greatest concern for aquatic...
Fidelity and breeding probability related to population density and individual quality in black brent geese Branta bernicla nigricans
James S. Sedinger, N.D. Chelgren, David H. Ward, M. S. Lindberg
2008, Journal of Animal Ecology (77) 702-712
1. Patterns of temporary emigration (associated with non-breeding) are important components of variation in individual quality. Permanent emigration from the natal area has important implications for both individual fitness and local population dynamics. 2. We estimated both permanent and temporary emigration of black brent geese (Branta bernicla nigricans Lawrence) from...
Canadian groundwater inventory: Regional hydrogeological characterization of the south-central part of the maritimes basin
C. Rivard, Y. Michaud, C. Deblonde, V. Boisvert, C. Carrier, R. H. Morin, T. Calvert, H. Vigneault, D. Conohan, S. Castonguay, R. Lefebvre, A. Rivera, M. Parent
2008, Bulletin of the Geological Survey of Canada 1-96
The Maritimes Groundwater Initiative (MGWI) is a large, integrated, regional hydrogeological study focusing on a representative area of the Maritimes Basin in eastern Canada. The study area covers a land surface of 10 500 km2, of which 9 400 km2 are underlain by sedimentary rocks. This sedimentary bedrock is composed...
Middle to late cenozoic geology, hydrography, and fish evolution in the American Southwest
J.E. Spencer, G.R. Smith, T.E. Dowling
2008, Conference Paper, Special Paper of the Geological Society of America
An evaluation of the poorly understood Cenozoic hydrologic history of the American Southwest using combined geological and biological data yields new insights with implications for tectonic evolution. The Mesozoic Cordilleran orogen next to the continental margin of southwestern North America probably formed the continental divide. Mountain building migrated eastward to...
Aspen height, stem-girth and survivorship in an area of high ungulate use
R.B. Keigley, M.R. Frisina
2008, Northwest Science (82) 199-210
An increase in ungulate population size potentially exposes aspen suckers, saplings, and trees to increased use. This study examined how stem height and girth influenced the selection of stems by ungulates for browsing, rubbing, and gnawing, and reconstructed the history of ungulate use for the study area. Transects were run...
Ground-motion modeling of the 1906 San Francisco Earthquake, part II: Ground-motion estimates for the 1906 earthquake and scenario events
Brad T. Aagaard, T.M. Brocher, D. Dolenc, D. Dreger, R.W. Graves, S. Harmsen, S. Hartzell, S. Larsen, K. McCandless, S. Nilsson, N.A. Petersson, A. Rodgers, B. Sjogreen, M.L. Zoback
2008, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (98) 1012-1046
We estimate the ground motions produce by the 1906 San Francisco earthquake making use of the recently developed Song et al. (2008) source model that combines the available geodetic and seismic observations and recently constructed 3D geologic and seismic velocity models. Our estimates of the ground motions for the 1906...
Fundamental limits to the accuracy of deuterium isotopes for identifying the spatial origin of migratory animals
A. Farmer, B.S. Cade, J. Torres-Dowdall
2008, Oecologia (158) 183-192
Deuterium isotope analyses have revolutionized the study of migratory connectivity because global gradients of deuterium in precipitation (??DP) are expressed on a continental scale. Several authors have constructed continental scale base maps of ??DP to provide a spatial reference for studying the movement patterns of migratory species and, although they...
Prey of nesting ospreys on the Willamette and Columbia Rivers, Oregon and Washington
Branden L. Johnson, J. L. Kaiser, Charles J. Henny, R. A. Grove
2008, Northwest Science (82) 229-236
To more effectively use ospreys as a biomonitoring tool and to better assess contaminant pathways, the diet of nesting ospreys (Pandion haliaetus) was studied along the lower Columbia and upper mainstem Willamette rivers by evaluating prey remains collected from wire baskets constructed under artificial feeding perches installed near nest...
Using open hole and cased-hole resistivity logs to monitor gas hydrate dissociation during a thermal test in the mallik 5L-38 research well, Mackenzie Delta, Canada
B.I. Anderson, T. S. Collett, R.E. Lewis, I. Dubourg
2008, Conference Paper, Petrophysics
Gas hydrates, which are naturally occurring ice-like combinations of gas and water, have the potential to provide vast amounts of natural gas from the world's oceans and polar regions. However, producing gas economically from hydrates entails major technical challenges. Proposed recovery methods such as dissociating or melting gas hydrates by...
Cutaneous and diphtheritic avian poxvirus infection in a nestling Southern Giant Petrel (Macronectes giganteus) from Antarctica
Valerie Shearn-Bochsler, David Earl Green, K. A. Converse, D. E. Docherty, T. Thiel, H.N. Geisz, William R. Fraser, Donna L. Patterson-Fraser
2008, Polar Biology (31) 569-573
The Southern giant petrel (Macronectes giganteus) is declining over much of its range and currently is listed as vulnerable to extinction by the International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN). Island-specific breeding colonies near Palmer Station, Antarctica, have been monitored for over 30 years, and because this population continues to...
Instream flow assessment of streams draining the Arbuckle-Simpson Aquifer
Titus S. Seilheimer, William L. Fisher
2008, Report
The availability of high quality water is critical to both humans and ecosystems. A recent proposal was made by rapidly expanding municipalities in central Oklahoma to begin transferring groundwater from the Arbuckle-Simpson aquifer, a sensitive sole-source aquifer in south-central Oklahoma. Concerned citizens and municipalities living on and getting their drinking...
Distribution and morphology of growth anomalies in Acropora from the Indo-Pacific
Thierry M. Work, Greta S. Aeby, Steve L. Coles
2008, Diseases of Aquatic Organisms (78) 255-264
We assessed the distribution and prevalence of growth anomalies (GAs) in Acropora from French Frigate Shoals (Hawaii, USA), Johnston Atoll and Tutuila (American Samoa), developed a nomenclature for gross morphology, characterized GAs at the cellular level and obtained preliminary indices of their spatial patterns and progression within coral colonies. Acropora GAs were found in...
Tectonic and magmatic evolution of the northwestern Basin and Range and its transition to unextended volcanic plateaus: Black Rock Range, Nevada
D.W. Lerch, E. Miller, M. McWilliams, J. Colgan
2008, Geological Society of America Bulletin (120) 300-311
The seismically active eastern and western margins of the northern Basin and Range have been extensively studied, yet the northwestern margin of the province remains incompletely understood. The Black Rock Range of northwestern Nevada straddles the transition from the Basin and Range province to the south and east, and flat-lying...
Behavior and movement of adult chum salmon in the lower Cowlitz River, 2007: Final Report of Research
T.L. Liedtke, T.J. Kock, B.K. Ekstrom, D.W. Rondorf, J. Henning
2008, Report
n/a...
Bats prove to be rich reservoirs for emerging viruses
Charles H. Calisher, Kathryn V. Holmes, Samuel R. Dominguez, Tony Schountz, Paul M. Cryan
2008, Microbe (3) 521-528
Emerging pathogens, many of them viruses, continue to surprise us, providing many newly recognized diseases to study and to try to control. Many of these emergent viruses are zoonotic, transmitted from reservoirs in wild or domestic animals to humans, either by insect vectors or by exposure to the droppings or...
The California Clapper Rail and multispecies recovery planning
Michael L. Casazza, Cory T. Overton, Melissa A. Farinha, John Y. Takekawa, Tobias M. Rohmer
2008, Endangered Species Bulletin (33) 23-25
The California clapper rail (Rallus longirostris obsoletus) lives in remnant tidal marshes of San Francisco Bay, where less than 20 percent of the historic tidal wetlands remain. Listed as an endangered species in 1970 by the Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS), this enigmatic bird faces a myriad of threats, including...
On determining the significance of ephemeral continental wetlands to North American migratory shorebirds
Susan K. Skagen, Diane A. Granfors, Cynthia P. Melcher
2008, The Auk (125) 20-29
Conservation challenges enhance the need for quantitative information on dispersed bird populations in extensive landscapes, for techniques to monitor populations and assess environmental effects, and for conservation strategies at appropriate temporal and spatial scales. By estimating population sizes of shorebirds in the U.S. portion of the prairie pothole landscape in...
Biological and societal dimensions of lead poisoning in birds in the USA
Milton Friend, J. Christian Franson, William L. Anderson
2008, Book chapter, Ingestion of lead from spent ammunition: Implications for wildlife and humans: May 2008 Proceedings
The ingestion of spent lead shot was known to cause mortality in wild waterfowl in the US a century before the implementation of nontoxic shot regulations began in 1972. The biological foundation for this transition was strongly supported by both field observations and structured scientific investigations. Despite the overwhelming evidence,...
Restoration ecology and invasive riparian plants: An introduction to the special section on Tamarix spp. in western North America
Patrick B. Shafroth, Mark K. Briggs
2008, Restoration Ecology (16) 94-96
River systems around the world are subject to various perturbations, including the colonization and spread of non-native species in riparian zones. Riparian resource managers are commonly engaged in efforts to control problematic non-native species and restore native habitats. In western North America, small Eurasian trees or shrubs in the genus...
Mating behavior as a possible cause of bat fatalities at wind turbines
Paul M. Cryan
2008, Journal of Wildlife Management (72) 845-849
Bats are killed by wind turbines in North America and Europe in large numbers, yet a satisfactory explanation for this phenomenon remains elusive. Most bat fatalities at turbines thus far occur during late summer and autumn and involve species that roost in trees. In this commentary I draw on existing...
Genetic diversity among sea otter isolates of Toxoplasma gondii
N. Sundar, Rebecca A. Cole, N. J. Thomas, D. Majumdar, J. P. Dubey, C. Su
2008, Veterinary Parasitology (151) 125-132
Sea otters (Enhydra lutris) have been reported to become infected with Toxoplasma gondiiand at times succumb to clinical disease. Here, we determined genotypes of 39 T. gondiiisolates from 37 sea otters in two geographically distant locations (25 from California and 12 from Washington). Six genotypes were identified using 10 PCR-RFLP genetic markers...
Influence of gravel mining and other factors on detection probabilities of Coastal Plain fishes in the Mobile River Basin, Alabama
C.-A. Hayer, E.R. Irwin
2008, Transactions of the American Fisheries Society (137) 1606-1620
We used an information-theoretic approach to examine the variation in detection probabilities for 87 Piedmont and Coastal Plain fishes in relation to instream gravel mining in four Alabama streams of the Mobile River drainage. Biotic and abiotic variables were also included in candidate models. Detection probabilities were heterogeneous across species...
Regional groundwater flow in mountainous terrain: Three‐dimensional simulations of topographic and hydrogeologic controls
Tom Gleeson, Andrew H. Manning
2008, Water Resources Research (44)
This study uses numerical simulations to define the salient controls on regional groundwater flow in 3‐D mountainous terrain by systematically varying topographic and hydrogeologic variables. Topography for idealized multiple‐basin mountainous terrain is derived from geomatic data and literature values. Water table elevation, controlled by the ratio of...
A geophysical investigation of shallow deformation along an anomalous section of the Wasatch fault zone, Utah, USA
J.H. McBride, W. J. Stephenson, T.J. Thompson, M.P. Harper, A.A. Eipert, J.C. Hoopes, D.G. Tingey, R.W. Keach II, A. O. Okojie-Ayoro, K.L. Gunderson, C.D. Meirovitz, T.C. Hicks, C.J. Spencer, J.R. Yaede, D. M. Worley
2008, Conference Paper, Environmental and Engineering Geoscience
We report the results of a geophysical study of the Wasatch fault zone near the Provo and Salt Lake City segment boundary. This area is anomalous because the fault zone strikes more east-west than north-south. Vibroseis was used to record a common mid-point (CMP) profile that provides information to depths...
Transport of water, carbon, and sediment through the Yukon River Basin
Timothy P. Brabets, Paul F. Schuster
2008, Fact Sheet 2008-3005
In 2001, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) began a water-quality study of the Yukon River. The Yukon River Basin (YRB), which encompasses 330,000 square miles in northwestern Canada and central Alaska (fig. 1), is one of the largest and most diverse ecosystems in North America. The Yukon River is more...
