Comparison of rainbow smelt age estimates from fin rays and otoliths
M. G. Walsh, A.P. Maloy, T. P. O’Brien
2008, North American Journal of Fisheries Management (28) 42-49
Rainbow smelt Osmerus mordax, although nonnative, are an important component of the offshore food web in the Laurentian Great Lakes. In Lake Ontario, we estimate ages of rainbow smelt annually to study population dynamics such as year-class strength and age-specific growth and mortality. Since the early 1980s, we have used...
Distribution and environmental limitations of an amphibian pathogen in the Rocky Mountains, USA
E. Muths, D. S. Pilliod, L.J. Livo
2008, Biological Conservation (141) 1484-1492
Amphibian populations continue to be imperiled by the chytrid fungus (Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis). Understanding where B. dendrobatidis (Bd) occurs and how it may be limited by environmental factors is critical to our ability to effectively conserve the amphibians affected by Bd. We sampled 1247 amphibians (boreal toads and surrogates) at 261...
The potential applications of using compost chars for removing the hydrophobic herbicide atrazine from solution
L. Tsui, William R. Roy
2008, Bioresource Technology (99) 5673-5678
One commercial compost sample was pyrolyzed to produce chars as a sorbent for removing the herbicide atrazine from solution. The sorption behavior of compost-based char was compared with that of an activated carbon derived from corn stillage. When compost was pyrolyzed, the char yield was greater than 45% when heated...
The influence of alewife year-class strength on prey selection and abundance of age-1 Chinook salmon in Lake Michigan
D.M. Warner, C.S. Kiley, R.M. Claramunt, D.F. Clapp
2008, Transactions of the American Fisheries Society (137) 1683-1700
We used growth and diet data from a fishery-independent survey of Chinook salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha, acoustic estimates of prey density and biomass, and statistical catch-at-age modeling to study the influence of the year-class strength of alewife Alosa pseudoharengus on the prey selection and abundance of age-1 Chinook salmon in Lake...
Ground-motion modeling of the 1906 San Francisco earthquake, part I: Validation using the 1989 Loma Prieta earthquake
Brad T. Aagaard, T.M. Brocher, D. Dolenc, D. Dreger, R.W. Graves, S. Harmsen, S. Hartzell, S. Larsen, M.L. Zoback
2008, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (98) 989-1011
We compute ground motions for the Beroza (1991) and Wald et al. (1991) source models of the 1989 magnitude 6.9 Loma Prieta earthquake using four different wave-propagation codes and recently developed 3D geologic and seismic velocity models. In preparation for modeling the 1906 San Francisco earthquake, we use this well-recorded...
An evaluation of the mobility of pathogen indicators, Escherichia coli and bacteriophage MS-2, in a highly weathered tropical soil under unsaturated conditions
T.-P. Wong, M. Byappanahalli, B. Yoneyama, C. Ray
2008, Journal of Water and Health (6) 131-140
Laboratory column experiments were conducted to study the effects of anionic polyacrylamide (PAM) polymer and surfactant linear alkylbenzene sulfonate (LAS) on the movement of Escherichia coli and the FRNA phage MS-2. The study was designed to evaluate if PAM or PAM + LAS would enhance the mobility of human pathogens...
Mesozoic (Upper Jurassic-Lower Cretaceous) deep gas reservoir play, central and eastern Gulf coastal plain
E. A. Mancini, P. Li, D.A. Goddard, V.O. Ramirez, S.C. Talukdar
2008, American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin (92) 283-308
The Mesozoic (Upper Jurassic-Lower Cretaceous) deeply buried gas reservoir play in the central and eastern Gulf coastal plain of the United States has high potential for significant gas resources. Sequence-stratigraphic study, petroleum system analysis, and resource assessment were used to characterize this developing play and to identify areas in the...
Bioaccumulation of pharmaceuticals and other anthropogenic waste indicators in earthworms from agricultural soil amended with biosolid or swine manure
C.A. Kinney, E. T. Furlong, D.W. Kolpin, M.R. Burkhardt, S.D. Zaugg, S.L. Werner, J.P. Bossio, M.J. Benotti
2008, Environmental Science & Technology (42) 1863-1870
Analysis of earthworms offers potential for assessing the transfer of organic anthropogenic waste indicators (AWIs) derived from land-applied biosolid or manure to biota. Earthworms and soil samples were collected from three Midwest agricultural fields to measure the presence and potential for transfer of 77 AWIs from land-applied...
Monte Carlo method for determining earthquake recurrence parameters from short paleoseismic catalogs: Example calculations for California
T. Parsons
2008, Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth (113)
Paleoearthquake observations often lack enough events at a given site to directly define a probability density function (PDF) for earthquake recurrence. Sites with fewer than 10-15 intervals do not provide enough information to reliably determine the shape of the PDF using standard maximum-likelihood techniques (e.g., Ellsworth et al., 1999). In...
New estimates of lethality of sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) attacks on lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush): Implications for fisheries management
C.P. Madenjian, B.D. Chipman, J.E. Marsden
2008, Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences (65) 535-542
Sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) control in North America costs millions of dollars each year, and control measures are guided by assessment of lamprey-induced damage to fisheries. The favored prey of sea lamprey in freshwater ecosystems has been lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush). A key parameter in assessing sea lamprey damage, as...
Cause-specific temporal and spatial trends in green sea turtle strandings in the Hawaiian Archipelago (1982-2003)
Milani Chaloupka, Thierry M. Work, George H. Balazs, Shawn K. K. Murakawa, Robert Morris
2008, Marine Biology (154) 887-898
We investigated cause-specific temporal and spatial trends in sea turtle strandings in the Hawaiian Archipelago. Five species of sea turtle were recorded in 3,861 strandings over a 22-year period (1982–2003). Green turtles comprised 97% of these strandings with size and gender composition reflecting the demographic structure of the resident green...
Reply to comment by J. Szilagyi on "Comparison of 15 evaporation methods applied to a small mountain lake in the northeastern USA" [J. Hydrol. 340 (3-4) (2007) 149-166]
D.O. Rosenberry, T. C. Winter, D.C. Buso, G.E. Likens
2008, Journal of Hydrology (348) 566-567
[No abstract available]...
Distribution of icy particles across Enceladus' surface as derived from Cassini-VIMS measurements
R. Jaumann, K. Stephan, G. B. Hansen, R. N. Clark, B. J. Buratti, R. H. Brown, K. H. Baines, S.F. Newman, G. Bellucci, G. Filacchione, A. Coradini, D. P. Cruikshank, C.A. Griffith, C. A. Hibbitts, T. B. McCord, R.M. Nelson, P. D. Nicholson, Christophe Sotin, R. Wagner
2008, Icarus (193) 407-419
The surface of Enceladus consists almost completely of water ice. As the band depths of water ice absorptions are sensitive to the size of particles, absorptions can be used to map variations of icy particles across the surface. The Visual and Infrared Mapping Spectrometer (VIMS) observed Enceladus with a high...
Distribution of tsunami interevent times
E.L. Geist, T. Parsons
2008, Geophysical Research Letters (35)
The distribution of tsunami interevent times is analyzed using global and site-specific (Hilo, Hawaii) tsunami catalogs. An empirical probability density distribution is determined by binning the observed interevent times during a period in which the observation rate is approximately constant. The empirical distributions for both catalogs exhibit non-Poissonian behavior in...
Survival of cool and warm freshwater fish following chloramine-T exposure
M.P. Gaikowski, W.J. Larson, W.H. Gingerich
2008, Aquaculture (275) 20-25
Chloramine-T is presently available in the USA to control mortalities associated with bacterial gill disease or external columnaris only through an Investigational New Animal Drug Permit authorized by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Its US approval hinges on FDA's acceptance of several key data, including those describing animal...
A new species of Henneguya (myxozoa) in the big-eyed scad (Selar crumenophthalmus) from Hawaii
Thierry M. Work, Geraldine Takata, Christopher M. Whipps, Michael L. Kent
2008, Journal of Parasitology (94) 524-529
We describe a new myxozoan, Henneguya akule n. sp., infecting the carangid fish Selar crumenophthalmus in Hawaii. Spores were found only in the aortic bulb, characterized by elliptical capsule with 2 tails, and pyriform polar capsules that angled toward the anterior end of the spore. Polar filaments had 3–4 coils. Parasites were present in...
Mineral resource of the month: vermiculite
M.J. Potter
2008, Geotimes (53) 20-21
Vermiculite, a hydrated magnesium-aluminum-iron silicate mineral, has a range of uses that take advantage of its fire resistance, good insulating properties, high liquid absorption capacity, inertness and low density. Most applications for vermiculite use an exfoliated (heat-expanded) form of the mineral. In general, coarser grades of vermiculite are used as...
Effects of acclimation on the toxicity of stream water contaminated with zinc and cadmium to juvenile cutthroat trout
D.D. Harper, A.M. Farag, W. G. Brumbaugh
2008, Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology (54) 697-704
We investigated the influence of acclimation on results of in situ bioassays with cutthroat trout in metal-contaminated streams. Cutthroat trout (Oncorhynchus clarki) were held for 21 days (1) in live containers at a reference or "clean" site having dissolved metals near detection limits (0.01 ??g/L cadmium [Cd] and 2.8 ??g/L...
Evaluation of statistical treatments of left-censored environmental data using coincident uncensored data sets: I. Summary statistics
Ronald C. Antweiler, Howard E. Taylor
2008, Environmental Science & Technology (42) 3732-3738
The main classes of statistical treatment of below-detection limit (left-censored) environmental data for the determination of basic statistics that have been used in the literature are substitution methods, maximum likelihood, regression on order statistics (ROS), and nonparametric techniques. These treatments, along with using all instrument-generated data (even those below detection),...
Map scale effects on estimating the number of undiscovered mineral deposits
D.A. Singer, W. D. Menzie
2008, Natural Resources Research (17) 79-86
Estimates of numbers of undiscovered mineral deposits, fundamental to assessing mineral resources, are affected by map scale. Where consistently defined deposits of a particular type are estimated, spatial and frequency distributions of deposits are linked in that some frequency distributions can be generated by processes randomly in space whereas others...
Anthropogenic influences on the input and biogeochemical cycling of nutrients and mercury in Great Salt Lake, Utah, USA
D. Naftz, C. Angeroth, T. Kenney, B. Waddell, N. Darnall, S. Silva, C. Perschon, J. Whitehead
2008, Applied Geochemistry (23) 1731-1744
Despite the ecological and economic importance of Great Salt Lake (GSL), little is known about the input and biogeochemical cycling of nutrients and trace elements in the lake. In response to increasing public concern regarding anthropogenic inputs to the GSL ecosystem, the US Geological Survey (USGS) and US Fish and...
Consumption estimates of walleye stocked as fry to suppress fathead minnow populations in west-central Minnesota wetlands
M.C. Ward, D.W. Willis, B.R. Herwig, S. R. Chipps, B.G. Parsons, J.R. Reed, M.A. Hanson
2008, Ecology of Freshwater Fish (17) 59-70
Fisheries managers throughout the Prairie Pothole Region of Minnesota often use semi-permanent and permanent wetland basins to extensively culture walleye Sander vitreus fry. Waterfowl managers have expressed concern over this practice because of the potential influence that fish have on food resources used by waterfowl during development and migration. It...
Detection of foliage-obscured vehicle using a multiwavelength polarimetric lidar
S. Tan, J. Stoker, S. Greenlee
2008, Conference Paper, International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS)
Foliage obscured man-made targets detection and identification is of great interest to many applications. In this paper, the backscattered laser signals from a multiwavelength polarimetric lidar were used to detect a vehicle hidden inside a vegetated area. The polarimetric reflectance data from the lidar at two separate laser wavelengths at...
Physical and chemical changes in the foreshore of an estuarine beach: Implications for viability and development of horseshoe crab Limulus polyphemus eggs
N.L. Jackson, D. R. Smith, K.F. Nordstrom
2008, Marine Ecology Progress Series (355) 209-218
Knowledge of conditions that favor development of eggs is important for management of species whose population growth is sensitive to early life history survival. Viability and development of the eggs of horseshoe crabs Limulus polyphemus on a sand and gravel beach were evaluated using data gathered on Delaware Bay, USA,...
Paired charcoal and tree-ring records of high-frequency Holocene fire from two New Mexico bog sites
Craig D. Allen, R. Scott Anderson, R.B. Jass, J.L. Toney, C.H. Baisan
2008, International Journal of Wildland Fire (17) 115-130
Two primary methods for reconstructing paleofire occurrence include dendrochronological dating of fire scars and stand ages from live or dead trees (extending back centuries into the past) and sedimentary records of charcoal particles from lakes and bogs, providing perspectives on fire history that can extend back for many thousands of...
