Using surrogate insects in acid bioassays for development of new controls for Varroa destructor (Arachnida: Varroidae)
Julia Vieira, Casey L. Johnson, Elizabeth M. Varkonyi, Howard Ginsberg, Kassie Picard, Mattew Kiesewetter, Steven R. Alm
2022, Journal of Economic Entomology (115) 1417-1422
Resistance to traditional synthetic compounds by Varroa destructor Anderson and Trueman and shortcomings of the organic acid class of acaracides commonly used in varroa management requires continual development of new controls. V. destructor, however, are difficult to obtain for use in control bioassays because they are obligate parasites that cannot be easily...
Water-quality conditions and constituent loads, water years 2013–19, and water-quality trends, water years 1983–2019, in the Scituate Reservoir drainage area, Rhode Island
Alana B. Spaetzel, Kirk Smith
2022, Scientific Investigations Report 2022-5043
The Scituate Reservoir is the primary source of drinking water for more than 60 percent of the population of Rhode Island. From October 1, 1982, to September 30, 2019, water years (WYs) 1983–2019 (a water year is the period between October 1 and September 30 and is designated by the...
Comparison of the results of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to mass-spectrometry based analytical methods for six unregulated contaminants in source water and finished drinking-water samples
Aliesha L. Krall, Sarah M. Elliott, Jane R. de Lambert, Stephen W. Robertson
2022, Scientific Investigations Report 2022-5066
Regulatory entities, such as the Minnesota Department of Health, monitor public water systems for conformance with Federal and State monitoring requirements and water-quality standards. Although some contaminants have Federal and (or) State regulations and guidance values, many contaminants, such as pesticides and pharmaceuticals, are unregulated in that only non-enforceable health-based...
Open removal models with temporary emigration and population dynamics to inform invasive animal management
Bradley Udell, Julien Martin, Christina Romagosa, J. Hardin Waddle, Fred Johnson, Bryan Falk, Amy A. Yackel Adams, Sarah Funck, Jennifer Ketterlin Eckles, Eric Suarez, Frank Mazzotti
2022, Ecology and Evolution (12)
Removal sampling data are the primary source of monitoring information for many populations (e.g., invasive species, fisheries). Population dynamics, temporary emigration, and imperfect detection are common sources of variation in monitoring data and are key parameters for informing management. We developed two open robust-design removal models for simultaneously modeling population...
Elevated mercury concentrations and isotope signatures (N, C, Hg) in yellowfin tuna (Thunnus albacares) from the Galápagos Marine Reserve and waters off Ecuador
Laia Munoz-Abril, Carlos A Valle, Juan Jose Alava, Sarah E. Janssen, Elsie M. Sunderland, Francisco Rubianes-Landazuri, Steven D Emslie
2022, Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (41) 2732-2744
We examined how dietary factors recorded by C and N influence Hg uptake in 347 individuals of yellowfin tuna (Thunnus albacares), an important subsistence resource from the Galápagos Marine Reserve (GMR) and the Ecuadorian mainland coast (EMC) in 2015-2016. We found no differences in total Hg (THg) measured in red...
Genomics-informed delineation of conservation units in a desert amphibian
Brenna R. Forester, Melanie Murphy, Chad Mellison, Jeffrey Petersen, David S. Pilliod, Rachel Van Horne, Jim Harvey, W. Chris Funk
2022, Molecular Ecology (31) 5249-5269
Delineating conservation units (CUs, e.g., evolutionarily significant units, ESUs, and management units, MUs) is critical to the recovery of declining species because CUs inform both listing status and management actions. Genomic data have strengths and limitations in informing CU delineation and related management questions in natural systems. We illustrate the...
Field testing a high-frequency acoustic attenuation system for measuring fine suspended sediments and algal movements
Wayne O. Carpenter, Bradley T. Goodwiller, Daniel G. Wren, Jason J. Taylor, Jonathan AuBuchon, Jeb E. Brown
2022, Applied Acoustics (198)
Acoustic measurements of suspended sediment have the potential to allow remote, autonomous monitoring of sediment movements at much higher temporal resolution than traditional manual sampling methods. Although suspended sands present a challenging measurement problem due to their logarithmic distribution with depth, fine clay sediments are distributed evenly throughout a stream...
Long-term impacts of impervious surface cover change and roadway deicing agent application on chloride concentrations in exurban and suburban watersheds
Marissa L. Rossi, Peleg Kremer, Charles A. Cravotta III, Krista E. Scheirer, Steven T. Goldsmith
2022, Science of the Total Environment (851)
Roadway deicing agents, including rock salt and brine containing NaCl, have had a profound impact on the water quality and aquatic health of rivers and streams in urbanized areas with temperate climates. Yet, few studies evaluate impacts to watersheds characterized by relatively low impervious surface cover (ISC; < 15 %). Here, we use long-term (1997-2019),...
Seismometer records of ground tilt induced by debris flows
Michaela Wenner, Kate E. Allstadt, Weston Thelen, Andrew Lockhart, Jacob Hirschberg, Brian W. McArdell, Fabian Walter
2022, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (112) 2376-2395
A change in surface loading causes the Earth’s surface to deform. Mass movements, such as debris flows, can cause a tilt large enough to be recorded by nearby instruments, but the signal is strongly dependent on the mass loading and subsurface parameters. Specifically designed sensors for such measurements (tiltmeters) are...
Stress heterogeneity as a driver of aseismic slip during the 2011 Prague, Oklahoma aftershock sequence
Kristina Okamoto, Heather Savage, Elizabeth S. Cochran, Katie M. Keranen
2022, Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth (127)
The interaction of aseismic and seismic slip before and after an earthquake is fundamental for both earthquake nucleation and postseismic stress relaxation. However, it can be difficult to determine where and when aseismic slip occurs within the seismogenic zone because geodetic techniques are limited to detecting moderate to large slip...
Bet-hedging and best-bet strategies shape seed dormancy
Juli G. Pausas, Byron B Lamont, Jon Keeley, William J. Bond
2022, New Phytologist (236) 1232-1236
Seed dormancy (i.e. delayed germination even when conditions are favourable) is a key plant characteristic that occurs among many species worldwide. But, what selective pressures led to seed dormancy? A recent study provides a major analysis of the factors driving this trait at the global scale (Zhang et al., 2022). Using c. 12 000 species and...
Colored shaded-relief bathymetric map and surrounding aerial imagery of Whiskeytown Lake, California
Peter Dartnell, Joshua B. Logan, Amy E. East
2022, Scientific Investigations Map 3493
The Carr wildfire began on July 23, 2018, and burned almost 300,000 acres (approximately half on Federal lands) in northern California during the subsequent 6-week period. Over 97 percent of the area within Whiskeytown National Recreation Area, California, burned during the 2018 Carr wildfire, including the entire landscape that surrounds...
Temporal coherence patterns of prairie pothole wetlands indicate the importance of landscape linkages and wetland heterogeneity in maintaining biodiversity
Kyle McLean, David M. Mushet, Jon N. Sweetman
2022, Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution (10)
Wetland ecosystems are diverse, productive habitats that are essential reservoirs of biodiversity. Not only are they home to numerous wetland-specialist species, but they also provide food, water, and shelter that support terrestrial wildlife populations. However, like observed patterns of biodiversity loss, wetland habitats have experienced widespread loss and degradation. In...
FY22 Technical Report: Evaluation of fish passage for assessment of invasive carp deterrents at locks in the upper Mississippi River
Andrea K. Fritts, Joshua Abner, Mark W. Fritts, James T. Lamer, Mark Cornish
2022, Report, Annual Techical Report for the management and control of invasive carp, Mississippi River
FY22 Technical Report for the project, "Evaluation of fish passage for assessment of invasive carp deterrents at locks in the Upper Mississippi River." This document describes specific methods, highlights, and results that show how progress towards meeting objectives in a timely manner....
Geologic map of MTM −10022 and −15022 quadrangles, Morava Valles and Margaritifer basin, Mars
Sharon A. Wilson, John A. Grant, Kevin K. Williams
2022, Scientific Investigations Map 3489
The landscape in Mars Transverse Mercator (MTM) −10022 and −15022 quadrangles (lat −7.5° N. to −17.5° N. between long 335° E. and 340° E.) in Margaritifer Terra preserves a record of sedimentary and alluvial deposits, volcanic and tectonic structures, and erosional landforms that record a long and complex geologic and...
Mississippi Kite nest defense: Is there an influence of nest phenology or human activity?
Clint W. Boal, Brent D. Bibles, Mikayla M. Pryor, Ben R. Skipper
2022, Journal of Raptor Research (56) 356-361
Birds that have adapted to urban landscapes often display changes in their behavioral responses to human disturbance. This habituation may result in a decreased wariness and secrecy near their nest and an increased inclination to engage in aggressive nest defenses. Aggressive defense of nests has been noted among Mississippi Kites...
Expression plasticity regulates intraspecific variation in the acclimatization potential of a reef-building coral
Crawford Drury, Jenna Dilworth, Eva Majerova, Carlo Caruso, Justin Blaine Greer
2022, Nature Communications (13)
Phenotypic plasticity is an important ecological and evolutionary response for organisms experiencing environmental change, but the ubiquity of this capacity within coral species and across symbiont communities is unknown. We exposed ten genotypes of the reef-building coral Montipora capitata with divergent symbiont communities to four thermal pre-exposure profiles and quantified gene expression...
Vote-processing rules for combining control recommendations from multiple models
William J.M. Probert, Sam Nicol, Matthew J. Ferrari, Shou-Li Li, Katriona Shea, Michael J. Tildesley, Michael C. Runge
2022, Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences (380)
Mathematical modelling is used during disease outbreaks to compare control interventions. Using multiple models, the best method to combine model recommendations is unclear. Existing methods weight model projections, then rank control interventions using the combined projections, presuming model outputs are directly comparable. However, the way each model represents the epidemiological...
The abundance and persistence of Caprinae populations
Grant M. Harris, Matthew J. Butler, David R. Stewart, James W. Cain III
2022, Scientific Reports (12)
Stable or growing populations may go extinct when their sizes cannot withstand large swings in temporal variation and stochastic forces. Hence, the minimum abundance threshold defining when populations can persist without human intervention forms a key conservation parameter. We identify this threshold for many populations of Caprinae,...
Genetics reveal long-distance virus transmission links in Pacific salmon
Rachel Breyta, William N. Batts, Gael Kurath
2022, Animals (12)
In the coastal region of Washington State, a major pathogen emergence event occurred between 2007 and 2011 in which steelhead trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) experienced a high incidence of infection and disease outbreaks due to the rhabdovirus infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV). Genetic typing showed that the...
Vote-processing rules for combining control recommendations from multiple models
William JM Probert, Sam Nicol, Matthew J. Ferrari, Shou-Li Li, Katriona Shea, Michael J. Tildesley, Michael C. Runge
2022, Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences (380)
Mathematical modelling is used during disease outbreaks to compare control interventions. Using multiple models, the best method to combine model recommendations is unclear. Existing methods weight model projections, then rank control interventions using the combined projections, presuming model outputs are directly comparable. However, the way each model represents the epidemiological...
Deep and machine learning image classification of coastal wetlands using unpiloted aircraft system multispectral images and lidar datasets
Ali Gonzalez Perez, Amr Abd-Elrahman, Benjamin Wilkinson, Daniel J. Johnson, Raymond Carthy
2022, Remote Sensing (14)
The recent developments of new deep learning architectures create opportunities to accurately classify high-resolution unoccupied aerial system (UAS) images of natural coastal systems and mandate continuous evaluation of algorithm performance. We evaluated the performance of the U-Net and DeepLabv3 deep convolutional network architectures and two traditional machine learning techniques (support...
Brittle faulting at elevated temperature and vanishing effective stress
Nicholas M. Beeler
2022, JGR Solid Earth (127)
If brittle fault strength depends only on friction, slip instability is discouraged at low effective normal stress, σ. Stress drop and the critical stiffness necessary for unstable sliding both vanish with σ; small earthquakes cannot occur. Very low σ is inferred in the source region of low-frequency earthquakes (LFEs) on the San Andreas fault...
Natural and anthropogenic landscape factors shape functional connectivity of an ecological specialist in urban Southern California
Sarah M Wenner, Melanie A. Murphy, Kathleen Semple Delaney, Gregory B. Pauly, Jonathan Q. Richmond, Robert N. Fisher, Jeanne M. Robertson
2022, Molecular Ecology (31) 5214-5230
Identifying how natural (i.e., unaltered by human activity) and anthropogenic landscape variables influence contemporary functional connectivity in terrestrial organisms can elucidate the genetic consequences of environmental change. We examine population genetic structure and functional connectivity among populations of a declining species, the Blainville's horned lizard (Phrynosoma...
Foraging habitat selection of shrubland bird community in tropical dry forest
A. Deshwall, S.L. Stephenson, P. Panwar, Brett Alexander DeGregorio, R. Kannan, J.D. Willson
2022, Ecology and Evolution (12)
Habitat loss due to increasing anthropogenic disturbance is the major driver for bird population declines across the globe. Within the Eastern Ghats of India, shrubland bird communities are threatened by shrinking of suitable habitats due to increased anthropogenic disturbance and climate change. The development of an effective habitat management strategy...
