The importance of wetland carbon dynamics to society: Insight from the Second State of the Carbon Cycle Science Report
Randall Kolka, Carl Trettin, Lisamarie Windham-Myers
Ken W. Krauss, Zhiliang Zhu, Camille L. Stagg, editor(s)
2021, Book chapter, Wetland carbon and environmental management
The Second State of the Carbon Cycle Report (SOCCR2) culminated in 19 chapters that spanned all North American sectors – from Energy Systems to Agriculture and Land Use – known to be important for understanding carbon (C) cycling and accounting. Wetlands, both inland and coastal, were found to be significant...
Ecosystem service co-benefits provided through wetland carbon management
Emily Pindilli
Ken W. Krauss, Zhiliang Zhu, Camille L. Stagg, editor(s)
2021, Book chapter, Wetland carbon and environmental management
What is the role of wetland carbon management in providing ecosystem services? Ecosystem services are the benefits that nature provides to people, and they are often categorized as: provisioning (e.g., food and water), regulating (e.g., climate mitigation and flood protection), cultural (e.g., cultural and recreational), and supporting (e.g., nutrient cycling)...
Habitat diversity influences puma (Puma concolor) diet in the Chihuahuan Desert
Charles H. Prude, James W. Cain III
2021, Wildlife Biology (2021) 1-12
Habitat heterogeneity and corresponding diversity in potential prey species should increase the diet breadth of generalist predators. Many previous studies describing puma Puma concolor diets in the arid regions of the southwestern United States were focused within largely xeric locations, overlooking the influence of heterogeneity created by riparian forests. Such...
Land management strategies influence soil organic carbon stocks of prairie potholes of North America
Sheel Bansal, Brian Tangen, Robert A. Gleason, Pascal Badiou, Irena F. Creed
2021, Book chapter, Wetland Carbon and Environmental Management
Soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks of Prairie Pothole Region (PPR) wetlands in the central plains of Canada and the United States are highly variable due to natural variation in biota, soils, climate, hydrology, and topography. Land-use history (cropland, grassland) and land-management practices (drainage, restoration) also affect SOC...
Aquatic foods to nourish nations
Christopher D. Golden, J. Zachary Koehn, Alon Shepon, Simone Passarelli, Christopher M. Free, Daniel Viana, Holger Matthey, Jacob G. Eurich, Jessica A. Gephart, Etienne Fluet-Chouinard, Elizabeth A. Nyboer, Abigail Lynch, Marian Kjellevold, Sabri Bromage, Pierre Charlebois, Manuel Barange, Stefania Vannuccini, Ling Cao, Kristin Kleisner, Eric Rimm, Goodarz Danaei, Camille DeDisto, Heather Kelahan, Kathryn J. Fiorella, David C. Little, Edward H. Allison, Jessica Fanzo, Shakuntala H. Thilsted
2021, Nature (598) 315-320
Despite contributing to healthy diets for billions of people, aquatic foods are often undervalued as a nutritional solution because their diversity is often reduced to the protein and energy value of a single food type (‘seafood’ or ‘fish’)<a id="ref-link-section-d16285678e1131" title="Golden, C. D. et al. Nutrition: fall...
Lethal impacts of selenium counterbalance the potential reduction in mercury bioaccumulation for freshwater organisms☆
Jacqueline R. Gerson, Rebecca A. Consbrock, Collin A. Eagles-Smith, Emily S. Bernhardt, David Walters
2021, Environmental Pollution (287)
Mercury (Hg), a potent neurotoxic element, can biomagnify through food webs once converted into methylmercury (MeHg). Some studies have found that selenium (Se) exposure may reduce MeHg bioaccumulation and toxicity, though this pattern is not universal. Se itself can also be toxic at elevated levels. We experimentally manipulated the relative...
Fitting jet noise similarity spectra to volcano infrasound data
Julia Gestrich, David Fee, Robin Matoza, John J. Lyons, Mario Ruiz
2021, Earth and Space Science (8)
Infrasound (low-frequency acoustic waves) has proven useful to detect and characterize subaerial volcanic activity, but understanding the infrasonic source during sustained eruptions is still an area of active research. Preliminary comparison between acoustic eruption spectra and the jet noise similarity spectra suggests that volcanoes can produce an...
Scavengers reduce potential brucellosis transmission risk in the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem
Kimberly E Szcodronski, Paul C. Cross
2021, Ecosphere (10)
Scavengers likely play an important role in ecosystem energy flow as well as disease transmission, but whether they facilitate or reduce disease transmission is often unknown. In the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem, scavengers are likely to reduce the transmission and subsequent spread of brucellosis within and between livestock and elk by...
Weakening of peridotite sheared at hydrothermal conditions
Diane E. Moore, David A. Lockner
2021, Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems (12)
We conducted triaxial friction tests at hydrothermal conditions (25°C–350°C) on gouges of peridotite and its principal mineral constituents olivine and orthopyroxene. Pore-fluid chemistry was varied by the use of peridotite, granite, or quartzite driving blocks (representing wall rock) housing the gouge layer. Samples sheared at slow rates...
A 40-year story of river sediment at Mount St. Helens
Mark A. Uhrich, Kurt R. Spicer, Adam R. Mosbrucker, Dennis R. Saunders, Tami S. Christianson
2021, Fact Sheet 2021-3004
The 1980 eruption of Mount St. Helens in Washington State unleashed one of the largest debris avalanches (landslide) in recorded history. The debris avalanche deposited 3.3 billion cubic yards of material into the upper North Fork Toutle River watershed and obstructed the Columbia River shipping channel downstream. From the eruption...
Comparison of flea sampling methods and Yersinia pestis detection on prairie dog colonies
David A. Eads, Marc R. Matchett, Julia Poje, Dean E. Biggins
2021, Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases (21) 753-761
Scientists collect fleas (Siphonaptera) to survey for Yersinia pestis, the bacterial agent of plague. When studying fleas parasitizing prairie dogs (Cynomys spp.), two primary methods are used: (1) combing fleas from live-trapped prairie dogs and (2) swabbing fleas from burrows with cloth swabs attached to metal cables. Ideally, burrow swabbing, the cheaper...
Contribution of deep-sourced carbon from hydrocarbon seeps to sedimentary organic carbon: Evidence from radiocarbon and stable isotope geochemistry
Dong Feng, John Pohlman, Jorn Peckmann, Yuedong Sun, Yu Hu, Harry Roberts, Duofu Chen
2021, Chemical Geology (585)
Sulfate-driven anaerobic oxidation of methane (AOM) limits the release of methane from marine sediments and promotes the formation of carbonates close to the seafloor in seepage areas along continental margins. It has been established that hydrocarbon seeps are a source of methane, dissolved inorganic carbon, and dissolved organic carbon to marine environments. However, questions remain about the contribution of deep-sourced...
Developing climate resilience in aridlands using rock detention structures as green infrastructure
Laura M. Norman, Benjamin L. Ruddell, Deborah Tosline, Michael Fell, Blair P. Greimann, Jay Cederberg
2021, Sustainability (13)
The potential of ecological restoration and green infrastructure has been long suggested in the literature as adaptation strategies for a changing climate, with an emphasis on revegetation and, more recently, carbon sequestration and stormwater management. Tree planting and “natural” stormwater detention structures such as bioswales, stormwater detention...
Rapa Nui (Easter Island) Rano Raraku crater lake basin: Geochemical characterization and implications for the Ahu-Moai Period
Elena Argiriadis, Mara Bortolini, Natalie Kehrwald, Marco Roman, Clara Turetta, Shahpara Hanif, Evans Osayuki Erhendi, Jose Miguel Ramirez Aliaga, David B. McWethy, Amy E. Myrbo, Anibal Pauchard, Carlo Barbante, Dario Battistel
2021, PLoS ONE (10)
Rano Raraku, the crater lake constrained by basaltic tuff that served as the primary quarry used to construct the moai statues on Rapa Nui (Easter Island), has experienced fluctuations in lake level over the past centuries. As one of the only freshwater sources on the island, understanding the...
A new approach to evaluate and reduce uncertainty of model-based biodiversity projections for conservation policy formulation
Bonnie Myers, Sarah R. Weiskopf, Alexey N. Shiklomanov, Simon Ferrier, Ensheng Weng, Kimberly Ann Casey, Michael Harfoot, Stephen Jackson, Allison K. Leidner, Timothy M. Lenton, Gordon Luikart, Hiroyuki Matsuda, Nathalie Pettorelli, Isabel M. D. Rosa, Alexander C. Ruane, Gabriel B. Senay, Shawn P. Serbin, Derek P. Tittensor, Beard Jr.
2021, BioScience (71) 1261-1273
Biodiversity projections with uncertainty estimates under different climate, land-use, and policy scenarios are essential to setting and achieving international targets to mitigate biodiversity loss. Evaluating and improving biodiversity predictions to better inform policy decisions remains a central conservation goal and challenge. A comprehensive strategy to evaluate and reduce uncertainty...
Hydrogeology and gain/loss assessment of two lakes contaminated with per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances, vicinity of Joint Base McGuire-Dix-Lakehurst, New Jersey, 2020–21
Alex R. Fiore, Christopher M. Witzigman, Robert G. Reiser
2021, Scientific Investigations Report 2021-5107
Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) have been identified in two lakes near Joint Base McGuire-Dix-Lakehurst (JBMDL) in New Jersey—Little Pine Lake in Pemberton Township and Pine Lake in Manchester Township. The streams that enter these lakes begin in or near JBMDL where sources of PFAS contamination are located. The U.S....
Multiscale hyperspectral imaging of hydrothermal alteration in Yellowstone National Park, USA
Todd M. Hoefen, Raymond F. Kokaly, Keith Eric Livo, John Michael Meyer, JoAnn M. Holloway
2021, Conference Paper, 2021 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS) Proceedings
Imaging spectroscopy (hyperspectral imaging) data have mainly been used to map surface materials covering relatively small areas from airborne sensors over the past 20+ years. As part of the U.S. Geological Survey Integrated hyperspectral, geophysical and geochemical studies of Yellowstone National Park hydrothermal systems project, we have collected multiscale imaging...
Persistent nitrate in alpine waters with changing atmospheric deposition and warming trends
Sydney C. Clark, Rebecca T. Barnes, Isabella A. Oleksy, Jill S. Baron, Meredith G. Hastings
2021, Environmental Science and Technology (55) 14946-14956
Nitrate concentrations in high-elevation lakes of the Colorado Front Range remain elevated despite declining trends in atmospherically deposited nitrate since 2000. The current source of this elevated nitrate in surface waters remains elusive, given shifts in additional nitrogen sources via glacial inputs and atmospheric ammonium deposition. We present the complete...
Integrating satellite thermal imagery and global weather datasets for operational actual evapotranspiration mapping and drought early warning applications
Gabriel B. Senay, Stefanie Bohms, Claudia Young, Cheryl L. Holen, Maxwell Thomas Mcelhone, Michael Budde, James Rowland
2021, Conference Paper
The development and online access to an operational global actual evapotranspiration (ETa) is described. The global ETa is generated using the Operational Simplified Surface Energy Balance (SSEBop) model with inputs from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) land surface temperature and gridded weather datasets. Global and regional ETa, as well...
USGS CEOS analysis ready data for land achievements and future plans
Christopher Barnes, Andreia Siqueira, Steven T. Labahn
2021, Conference Paper
The efforts of the Committee on Earth Observation Satellites (CEOS) to bring CEOS Analysis Ready Data for Land (CARD4L) products to countries and international organizations quickly and easily continues to receive important support from the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS). As part of its engagement with CARD4L, the USGS worked to...
A comprehensive statewide spatiotemporal stream assessment of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in an agricultural region of the United States
Dana W. Kolpin, Laura E. Hubbard, D.M. Cwiertny, Shannon M. Meppelink, D.A. Thompson, James L. Gray
2021, Environmental Science & Technology Letters (8) 981-988
Public concern regarding per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) has grown substantially in recent years. In addition, research has documented multiple potential agriculture-related release pathways for PFAS (e.g., biosolids and livestock manure). Nevertheless, little research on the environmental prevalence of PFAS has...
Disentangling stationary and dynamic estuarine fish habitat to inform conservation: Species-specific responses to physical habitat and water quality in San Francisco Estuary
Frederick V. Feyrer, Matthew J. Young, Brock Huntsman, Larry R. Brown
2021, Marine and Coastal Fisheries: Dynamics, Management, and Ecosystem Science (13) 548-563
Estuaries represent critical aquatic habitat that connects surface water distributed between Earth’s landmasses and oceans. They are dynamic transitional ecosystems, which provide important habitat for fishes and other aquatic organisms. Effective conservation of species inhabiting estuaries requires knowledge of the habitat features that drive their abundance...
Hierarchical functional response of a forager on a wetland landscape
Don DeAngelis, Simeon Yurek, Stephen Tennenbaum, Hyo Won Lee
2021, Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution (9)
We show that for some foragers the form that a functional response takes depends on the temporal and spatial scales considered. In representing the consumption rate of an organism, it may be necessary to use a hierarchy of functional responses. Consider, for example, a wading bird foraging in...
Characterizing downstream migration timing of American Eels using commercial catch data in the Penobscot and Delaware rivers
Daniel M. Weaver, Douglas B. Sigourney, Mari-Beth Delucia, Joseph D. Zydlewski
2021, Marine and Coastal Fisheries: Dynamics, Management, and Ecosystem Science (13) 534-547
Adult “silver-phase” American Eels Anguilla rostrata were a focus of commercial fisheries in the 1970s and 1980s, but stocks have been depleted due to many anthropogenic factors. One significant source of mortality occurs during the downstream migration of eels when passing through turbines at hydroelectric facilities. We sought to construct a model...
Data services in ocean science with a focus on the biology
Joana Beja, Leen Vandepitte, Abigail Benson, Anton Van de Putte, Dan Lear, Daphnis De Pooter, Gwenaelle Moncoiffe, John Nicholls, Nina Wambiji, Patricia Miloslavich, Vasilis Gerovasileiou
2021, Book chapter, Ocean science data: Collection, management, networking and services
Biological ocean science has a long history; it goes back millennia, whereas the related data services have emerged in the recent digital era of the past decades. To understand where we come from—and why data services are so important—we will start by taking you back to the rise in the...
