Geochemical indices of fine sediment transport, northwest Gulf of Mexico
C. W. Holmes
1982, Journal of Sedimentary Petrology (52) 307-321
The 210 Pb distribution, the clay mineralogy distribution, and the distribution of three trace metals, barium, lead, and manganese, in the sediments of the south Texas shelf are related to the dynamics of the sedimentary transport process. 210 Pb, whose concentration is time dependent, defines three loci...
Depositional setting and diagenetic evolution of some Tertiary unconventional reservoir rocks, Uinta Basin, Utah
Janet K. Pitman, T. D. Fouch, M. B. Goldhaber
1982, American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin (66) 1581-1596
The Douglas Creek Member of the Tertiary Green River Formation underlies much of the Uinta basin, Utah, and contains large volumes of oil and gas trapped in a complex of fractured low-permeability sandstone reservoirs. In the southeastern part of the basin at Pariette Bench, the Eocene Douglas Creek Member is...
Periodic climate change on Mars: Review of evidence and effects on distribution of volatiles
M. H. Carr
1982, Icarus (50) 129-139
The polar regions of Mars preserve, in both their layering and their topography, a record of recent climate changes. Because of the coincidence of the growth of the northern seasonal cap with global dust storms, dust may be currently accumulating on...
Geomagnetic local and regional harmonic analyses
L.R. Alldredge
1982, Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth (87) 1921-1926
Procedures are developed for using rectangular and cylindrical harmonic analyses in local and regional areas. Both the linear least squares analysis, applicable when component data are available, and the nonlinear least squares analysis, applicable when only total field data are available, are treated. When component data are available, it is...
Simulations of seabird damage and recovery from oilspills in the northern Gulf of Alaska.
W.B. Samuels, K.J. Lanfear
1982, Journal of Environmental Management (15) 169-182
If an oilspill contacts a colony of glaucous-winged gulls Larus hyperboreus, reducing the population by 50%, the population is expected to recover to its pre-spill level in c.20 yr. For common murres Uria aalge, this same situation yields a recovery time of c.70 yr. Assuming that oil is found in...
Unroofing history of a suture zone in the Himalaya of Pakistan by means of fission-track annealing ages
P.K. Zeitler, R.A.K. Tahirkheli, C. W. Naeser, N.M. Johnson
1982, Earth and Planetary Science Letters (57) 227-240
The uplift history of the Swat Valley and Hazara region of northwestern Pakistan has been established using 22 fission-track dates on apatite, zircon and sphene. A major fault, the Main Mantle Thrust (MMT) strikes east-west across the Swat Valley, separates regions...
The UThPb age of equilibrated L chondrites and a solution to the excess radiogenic Pb problem in chondrites
D.M. Unruh
1982, Earth and Planetary Science Letters (58) 75-94
U, Th, and Pb analyses of whole-rock and troilite separates from seven L chondrites suggest that the excess radiogenic Pb relative to U and the large variations in PbPb model ages commonly observed in chondritic meteorites are largely due to terrestrial Pb contamination induced prior to...
Applications of Landsat imagery to problems of petroleum exploration in Qaidam Basin, China
G. B. Bailey, P. D. Anderson
1982, American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin (66) 1348-1354
Tertiary and Quaternary nonmarine, petroleum-bearing sedimentary rocks in the Qaidam basin of remote western China have been extensively deformed by compressive forces. These forces created many folds which are current targets of Chinese exploration programs. Manual techniques of image analysis and interpretation were applied to computer-enhanced Landsat images of the...
Miocene volcanism and deformation in the western Cordillera and high plateaus of south-central Peru
E.H. McKee, D. C. Noble
1982, Geological Society of America Bulletin (93) 657-662
New radiometric ages on tuffs from south-central Peru support the postulated flare-up of volcanic activity during early Miocene time. In the region of Huancavelica, Julcani, and Lircay, lower Miocene rocks lie on folded strata of pre-Cenozoic age; the absence of units of Eocene...
Accumulation rates of Th-230, Pa-231, and some transition metals on the Bermuda Rise
M.P. Bacon, J.N. Rosholt
1982, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta (46) 651-666
Measurements of 238U, 234U, 230Th, 232Th, 231Pa, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, and Zn were made on 23 samples from core GPC-5, a 29-m giant piston core from a water depth of 4583 m on the northeastern Bermuda Rise (33°41.2′N, 57°36.9′W). This area is characterized by rapid deposition of sediment transported by abyssal currents. Unsupported 230Th...
Estimating irrigation water use and withdrawal of ground water on the High Plains, U.S.A.
J. R. Wray
1982, Advances in Space Research (2) 127-129
In four decades following the Dust Bowl days of the 1930's, extensive areas of dry farming and rangeland on the semi-arid U.S. High Plains were transformed into a vast region of irrigated oases, producing meat and grain for much of the world. The agricultural economy has experienced such rapid growth...
13C Nuclear magnetic resonance studies of kerogen from Cretaceous black shales thermally altered by basaltic intrusions and laboratory simulations
L.W. Dennis, G.E. Maciel, Patrick G. Hatcher, Bernd R. T. Simoneit
1982, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta (46) 901-907
Cretaceous black shales from DSDP Leg 41, Site 368 in the Eastern Atlantic Ocean were thermally altered during the Miocene by an intrusive basalt. The sediments overlying and underlying the intrusive body were subjected to high temperatures (up to ~ 500°C) and, as a result, their kerogen was significantly altered....
Recovery of soil and vegetation in ghost-towns in the Mojave Desert, southwestern United States
Robert H. Webb, Evelyn B. Newman
1982, Environmental Conservation (9) 245-248
No abstract available....
Total individual ion activity coefficients of calcium and carbonate in seawater at 25°C and 35%. salinity, and implications to the agreement between apparent and thermodynamic constants of calcite and aragonite
Niel Plummer, Eric T. Sundquist
1982, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta (46) 247-258
We have calculated the total individual ion activity coefficients of carbonate and calcium, and , in seawater. Using the ratios of stoichiometric and thermodynamic constants of carbonic acid...
Origin and distribution of tonsteins in late permian coal seams of Southwestern China
Yinzhu Zhou, Y.-L. Ren, B.F. Bohor
1982, International Journal of Coal Geology (2) 49-77
We have surveyed the areal and stratigraphic distribution of tonsteins in Late Permian coalfields of southwestern China over an area of several hundred thousand square kilometers. We studied the relationship between tonstein distribution and sedimentary environment. Based on mineralogical and...
Lead and strontium isotopes and related trace elements as genetic tracers in the Upper Cenozoic rhyolite-basalt association of the Yellowstone Plateau volcanic field
B. R. Doe, W.P. Leeman, R.L. Christiansen, C. E. Hedge
1982, Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth (87) 4785-4806
Supported by various field geologic and petrologic data, the contents of Pb, U, Th, Rb, and Sr and the isotopic compositions of Pb and Sr for upper Cenozoic volcanic rocks of the Yellowstone Plateau volcanic field are consistent with the hypothesis of derivation of the basaltic and rhyolitic magmas by...
Clay mineralogy of weathering rinds and possible implications concerning the sources of clay minerals in soils
Steven M. Colman
1982, Geology (10) 370-375
Weathering rinds on volcanic clasts in Quaternary deposits in the western United States contain only very fine grained and poorly crystalline clay minerals. Rinds were sampled from soils containing well-developed argillic B horizons in deposits about 105 yr old or more. The clay-size fraction...
Comparison of amino acid racemization geochronometry with lithostratigraphy, biostratigraphy, uranium-series coral dating, and magnetostratigraphy in the Atlantic Coastal Plain of the southeastern United States
L. McCartan, J. P. Owens, B. W. Blackwelder, Barney J. Szabo, D. F. Belknap, N. Kriausakul, R.M. Mitterer, J.F. Wehmiller
1982, Quaternary Research (18) 337-359
The results of an integrated study comprising litho- and biostratigraphic investigations, uranium-series coral dating, amino acid racemization in molluscs, and paleomagnetic measurements are compared to ascertain relative and absolute ages of Pleistocene deposits of the Atlantic Coastal Plain in North and South Carolina. Four depositional events are inferred for South...
Extension in the Rio Grande rift
L. Cordell
1982, Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth (87) 8561-8569
A positive gravity anomaly along the axis of the Rio Grande rift reflects a volume of anomalous mass added at the base of the crust and intruded into the crust. Part of this volume can be associated with vertical uplift of the crust. The remainder of this anomalous volume, plus...
Ferromagnetic and superparamagnetic contamination in pulverized coal
F. E. Senftle, A. N. Thorpe, C.C. Alexander, R. B. Finkelman
1982, Fuel (61) 81-86
Although no significant major-element contamination is introduced by grinding coal in a steel pulverizer, abraded steel particles can conceivably affect the magnetic properties of pulverized coal. Magnetic and scanning-electron-microscope analyses of pulverized coal and coal fragments from the Herrin No. 6 seam in Illinois showed ferromagnetic and superparamagnetic contamination from...
Comparison of techniques for estimating annual lake evaporation using climatological data
M.E. Andersen, H.E. Jobson
1982, Water Resources Research (18) 630-636
Mean annual evaporation estimates were determined for 30 lakes by use of a numerical model (Morton, 1979) and by use of an evaporation map prepared by the U.S. Weather Service (Kohler et al., 1959). These estimates were compared to the reported value of evaporation determined from measurements on each lake....
Permafrost, heat flow, and the geothermal regime at Prudhoe Bay, Alaska
A.H. Lachenbruch, J.H. Sass, B.V. Marshall, T. H. Moses Jr.
1982, Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth (87) 9301-9316
Temperature measurements through permafrost in the oil field at Prudhoe Bay, Alaska, combined with laboratory measurements of the thermal conductivity of drill cuttings permit an evaluation of in situ thermal properties and an understanding of the general factors that control the geothermal regime. A sharp contrast in temperature gradient at...
Wilmington Submarine Canyon: A marine fluvial-like system
B. McGregor, W.L. Stubblefield, William B. F. Ryan, D.C. Twichell
1982, Geology (10) 27-30
Midrange sidescan sonar data (swath width = 5 km) show that a system of gullies and small channels feeds into large submarine canyons on the Middle Atlantic Continental Slope of the United States. The surveyed canyons all have relatively flat floors, but they...
Determination of rare earth elements in geological materials by inductively coupled argon plasma/atomic emission spectrometry
J.G. Crock, F.E. Lichte
1982, Analytical Chemistry (54) 1329-1332
Inductively coupled argon plasma/optical emission spectrometery (ICAP/OES) is useful as a simultaneous, multielement analytical technique for the determination of trace elements in geological materials. A method for the determination of trace-level rare earth elements (REE) in geological materials using an ICAP 63-channel emission spectrometer is described. Separation and preconcentration of...
Pingos in the Brooks Range, northern Alaska, U.S.A.
T. D. Hamilton, Curtis M. Obi
1982, Arctic and Alpine Research (14) 13-20
Some 70 pingos occur at 27 separate localities within and near the Brooks Range. The pingos are distributed through mountain valleys at altitudes up to 725 m and in terrain glaciated as recently as late Wisconsinan time. Most are open-system forms; possible closed-system pingos are present at only a single...
