Finite-difference grid for a doublet well in an anisotropic aquifer
R. T. Miller, C.I. Voss
1986, Ground Water (24) 490-496
The U.S. Geological Survey is modeling hydraulic flow and thermal-energy transport at a two-well injection/ withdrawal system in St. Paul, Minnesota. The design of the finite-difference model grid for the doublet-well system is complicated because the aquifer is anisotropic and the principal axes of transmissivity are not aligned with the...
Mineralogy and geochemical evolution of the Little Three pegmatite-aplite layered intrusive, Ramona, California
L.A. Stern, Gordon E. Brown Jr., D.K. Bird, R. H. Jahns, E.E. Foord, J.E. Shigley, L.B. Spaulding Jr.
1986, American Mineralogist (71) 406-427
Several layered pegmatite-aplite intrusives exposed at the Little Three mine, Ramona, display closely associated fine-grained to giant-textured mineral assemblages which are believed to have co-evolved from a hydrous aluminosilicate residual melt with an exsolved supercritical vapour phase. Calculations of phase relations between the major pegmatite-aplite mineral assemblages and supercritical aqueous...
A comparison of upper mantle subcontinental electrical conductivity for North America, Europe, and Asia.
W.H. Campbell, E.R. Schiffmacher
1986, Journal of Geophysics - Zeitschrift fur Geophysik (59) 56-61
Spherical harmonic analysis coefficients of the external and internal parts of the quiet-day geomagnetic field variations (Sq), separated for the N American, European, Central Asian and E Asian regions, were used to determine conductivity profiles to depths of about 600km by the Schmucker equivalent-substitute conductor method. All 3 regions showed...
Temperature effects on kerogen and on molecular and isotopic composition of organic matter in Pierre Shale near an igneous dike
J.L. Clayton, N. H. Bostick
1986, Organic Geochemistry (10) 135-143
A suite of siltstone samples from the Upper Cretaceous Pierre Shale from the contact zone of a 130-cm thick igneous dike near Wolcott, Colorado, U.S.A., was taken from the contact to 170 cm from the dike to study the effects of temperature on the organic matter. The sampled bedding interval...
Geochemical correlation of surface and subsurface oils, western Greece
J. G. Palacas, D. Monopolis, C.A. Nicolaou, D.E. Anders
1986, Organic Geochemistry (10) 417-423
Biodegraded seep oils, devoid of n-alkanes and most isoprenoid hydrocarbons, were successfully correlated with subsurface crude oils in western Greece primarily using carbon isotopes and the more microbially resistant tricyclic terpane and aromatic steroid hydrocarbon distributions. All the studied oils seem to fit into three major genetic groups which are...
EVIDENCE FOR THREE MODERATE TO LARGE PREHISTORIC HOLOCENE EARTHQUAKES NEAR CHARLESTON, S. C.
Robert E. Weems, Stephen F. Obermeier, Milan J. Pavich, Gregory S. Gohn, Meyer Rubin, Richard L. Phipps, Robert B. Jacobson
1986, Conference Paper
Earthquake-induced liquefaction features (sand blows), found near Hollywood, S. C. , have yielded abundant clasts of humate-impregnated sand and sparse pieces of wood. Radiocarbon ages for the humate and wood provide sufficient control on the timing of the earthquakes that produced the sand blows to indicate that at least three...
Potential for nitrosamine formation in seven fishery chemicals
S. L. Abidi, V. K. Dawson, R.C. Hubley Jr.
1986, Progressive Fish-Culturist (48) 301-302
In recent years, nitrosamines have been reported as possible causes of cancer, mutations, or birth defects. Inasmuch as these compounds may be formed by the interaction of certain amines with nitrite in the aquatic environment, we evaluated seven fishery chemicals for their potential to form nitrosamines: the experimental fish toxicant...
Vegetation, climatic and floral changes at the Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary
J. A. Wolfe, G.R. Upchurch Jr.
1986, Nature (324) 148-152
he western interior of North America has the only known non-marine sections that contain the iridium-rich clay interpreted as the Cretaceous-Tertiary (K-T) boundary1-7. Because vegetation and climate can be directly inferred from physiognomy of leaves8-15 and because leaf species typically represent low taxonomic categories, studies of leaf floras in these...
The occurrence of Theromyzon rude (Annelida: Hirudinea) in association with mortality of trumpeter swan cygnets (Cygnus buccinator)
Benjamin N. Tuggle
1986, Journal of Wildlife Diseases (22) 279-280
No abstract available....
Distribution of anomalously high K2O volcanic rocks in Arizona: metasomatism at the Picacho Peak detachment fault
W. E. Brooks
1986, Geology (14) 339-342
Metasomatized Tertiary lavas with anomalously high K2O and low Na2O content are distributed within the northwest-trending Miocene extensional terrane of southwestern Arizona. These rocks are common near core-complex–related detachment faults at Picacho Peak and the Harcuvar Mountains and in listric-faulted terrane at the...
Preliminary measurements of leaf spectral reflectance in the 8-14 μm region
J.W. Salisbury
1986, International Journal of Remote Sensing (7) 1879-1886
Previous broad band measurements of the spectral reflectance of leaves indicate variations in spectral emissivity that, although small, might be detected with current airborne thermal infrared imaging systems. Preliminary high spectral resolution measurements of the spectral reflectance of leaves of four different species reported here show a different spectral response...
Oxygen isotope compositions of selected laramide-tertiary granitoid stocks in the Colorado Mineral Belt and their bearing on the origin of climax-type granite-molybdenum systems
J. L. Hannah, H. J. Stein
1986, Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology (93) 347-358
Quartz phenocrysts from 31 granitoid stocks in the Colorado Mineral Belt yield ??18O values less than 10.4???, with most values between 9.3 and 10.4???. An average magmatic value of about 8.5??? is suggested. The stocks resemble A-type granites; these data support magma genesis by partial melting of previously depleted, fluorine-enriched,...
Estimating monthly streamflow values by cokriging
A.R. Solow, S.M. Gorelick
1986, Mathematical Geology (18) 785-809
Cokriging is applied to estimation of missing monthly streamflow values in three records from gaging stations in west central Virginia. Missing values are estimated from optimal consideration of the pattern of auto- and cross-correlation among standardized residual log-flow records. Investigation of the sensitivity of estimation to data configuration showed that...
Geology of the peralkaline volcano at Pantelleria, Strait of Sicily
G.A. Mahood, W. Hildreth
1986, Bulletin of Volcanology (48) 143-172
Situated in a submerged continental rift, Pantelleria is a volcanic island with a subaerial eruptive history longer than 300 Ka. Its eruptive behavior, edifice morphologies, and complex, multiunit geologic history are representative of strongly peralkaline centers. It is dominated by the 6-km-wide Cinque Denti caldera, which formed ca. 45 Ka...
The Valley and Ridge Province of eastern Pennsylvania - Stratigraphic and sedimentologic contributions and problems
Jack B. Epstein
1986, Geological Journal (21) 283-306
Many contributions that have led to a better understanding of Appalachian geology have resulted directly from work in the folded Appalachian Mountain and Great Valley sections of the Valley and Ridge physiographic province of eastern Pennsylvania. Disagreements have been common since H.D. Rogers first described the geology of the area...
Deformation of poorly consolidated sediment during shallow emplacement of a basalt sill, Coso Range, California
W. A. Duffield, C. R. Bacon, P.T. Delaney
1986, Bulletin of Volcanology (48) 97-107
A 150-m-long, wedge-shaped unit of folded and faulted marly siltstone crops out between undeformed sedimentary rocks on the north flank of the Coso Range, California. The several-meter-thick blunt end of this wedge abuts the north margin of a basaltic sill of comparable thickness. Chaotically deformed siltstone crops out locally at...
Lateral blasts at Mount St. Helens and hazard zonation
D. R. Crandell, R. Hoblitt
1986, Bulletin of Volcanology (48) 27-37
Lateral blasts at andesitic and dacitic volcanoes can produce a variety of direct hazards, including ballistic projectiles which can be thrown to distances of at least 10 km and pyroclastic density flows which can travel at high speed to distances of more than 30 km. Indirect effect that may accompany...
Digital merging of Landsat TM and digitized NHAP data for 1:24 000-scale image mapping.
P.S. Chavez Jr.
1986, Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing (52) 1637-1646
Merging image data collected by different remote sensors is becoming an increasingly important component of digital processing. In this study, two data sets with very different characteristics were digitally merged, and a single data set, which contains information from both sets, was generated. Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) data were selected...
Metamorphosed melange terrane in the eastern Piedmont of North Carolina
J. Wright Horton Jr., D.E. Blake, A.S. Wylie Jr., E.F. Stoddard
1986, Geology (14) 551-553
The Falls Lake melange crops out in the eastern Piedmont of North Carolina between the Carolina slate belt and the Raleigh belt. The melange is composed of mafic and ultramafic blocks and pods of diverse shapes and sizes, dispersed without apparent stratigraphic continuity,...
A finite element model for tidal and residual circulation
Roy A. Walters
1986, Communications in Numerical Methods in Engineering (2) 393-398
Harmonic decomposition is applied to the shallow water equations, thereby creating a system of equations for the amplitude of the various tidal constituents and for the residual motions. The resulting equations are elliptic in nature, are well posed and in practice are shown to be numerically well-behaved. There are a...
Structural deformation and sedimentation in an active Caldera, Rabaul, Papua New Guinea
H. Gary Greene, D. L. Tiffin, C.O. McKee
1986, Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research (30) 327-356
Recent seismic and tectonic activity in Rabaul Caldera, Papua New Guinea, suggests that magma is accumulating at a shallow depth beneath this partially submerged structure and that a new volcano may be developing. Changes in onshore elevation since 1971 (as much as 2 m on south Matupit Island) indicate that...
Determination of selected azaarenes in water by bonded-phase extraction and liquid chromatography
T.R. Steinheimer, M.G. Ondrus
1986, Analytical Chemistry (58) 1839-1844
A method for the rapid and simple quantitative determination of quinoline, isoquinoline, and five selected three-ring azaarenes in water has been developed. The azaarene fraction is separated from its carbon analogues on n-octadecyl packing material by edition with acidified water/acetonitrile. Concentration as great as 1000-fold is achieved readily. Instrumental analysis...
PHREATOPHYTE WATER USE ESTIMATED BY EDDY-CORRELATION METHODS.
H. L. Weaver, E.P. Weeks, G. S. Campbell, D.I. Stannard, B.D. Tanner
1986, Conference Paper
Water-use was estimated for three phreatophyte communities: a saltcedar community and an alkali-Sacaton grass community in New Mexico, and a greasewood rabbit-brush-saltgrass community in Colorado. These water-use estimates were calculated from eddy-correlation measurements using three different analyses, since the direct eddy-correlation measurements did not satisfy a surface energy balance. The...
Use of dust storm observations on satellite images to identify areas vulnerable to severe wind erosion
C. S. Breed, J.F. McCauley
1986, Climatic Change (9) 243-258
Blowing dust is symptomatic of severe wind erosion and deterioration of soils in areas undergoing dessication and/or devegetation. Dust plumes on satellite images can commonly be traced to sources in marginally arable semiarid areas where protective lag gravels or vegetation have been removed and soils are dry, as demonstrated for...
Cluster molecular orbital description of the electronic structures of mixed-valence iron oxides and silicates
David M. Sherman
1986, Solid State Communications (58) 719-723
A molecular orbital description, based on spin-unrestricted Xα-scattered wave calculations, is given for the electronic structures of mixed valence iron oxides and silicates. The cluster calculations show that electron hopping and optical intervalence charge-transger result from weak FeFe bonding across shared edges of FeO6 coordination polyhedra. In agreement with Zener's double exchange...
