Obstacles facing the Venus radar mapper - The implications of gestalt formation in stereo-radargrammetry
R.L. Wildey
1986, Earth, Moon and Planets (36) 41-48
The question of adapting to radar images the existing hardware that form topographic maps through stereo-photogrammetric models, is examined in principle. Such hardware utilizes a human/computer hybrid. Although the problem of brightness differentials between corresponding landmarks can be dealt with pseudo-photoclinometrically, the main problem is whether the perspective in a...
Distribution and habitat of Nitellopsis obtusa (Characeae) in the Laurentian Great Lakes
Donald W. Schloesser, Patrick L. Hudson, S. Jerrine Nichols
1986, Hydrobiologia (133) 91-96
Nitellopsis obtusa, a macroalga (Characeae) native to Europe and Asia, was found in U.S. waters of the St. Clair-Detroit River system in 1983, thus extending the range of this taxon into the Laurentian Great Lakes about 850 km from the St. Lawrence River where it was first discovered...
Danburite in evaporites of the Paradox basin, Utah.
O. B. Raup, B.M. Madsen
1986, Journal of Sedimentary Petrology (56) 248-251
Danburite (CaB 2 Si 2 O 8 ) has been found as nodules in Pennsylvanian age marine evaporites of the Paradox basin, Utah. Originally danburite had been known as a high-temperature mineral that occurs at numerous localities in igneous and metamorphic rocks. Since its discovery in water-insoluble residues from...
Biomass and productivity of three phytoplankton size classes in San Francisco Bay
B.E. Cole, J. E. Cloern, A.E. Alpine
1986, Estuaries (9) 117-126
The 5-22 mu m size accounted for 40-50% of annual production in each embayment, but production by phytoplanton >22 mu m ranged from 26% in the S reach to 54% of total phytoplankton production in the landward embayment of the N reach. A productivity index is derived that predicts daily...
Algal growth response to particle-bound orthophosphate and zinc
James S. Kuwabara, J.A. Davis, Cecily C.Y. Chang
1986, Limnology and Oceanography (31) 503-511
Effects of Zn (0-1 mu M total Zn(II)) and orthophosphate (8-12 mu M total P) additions on growth indices for the chlorophyte Selenastrum capricornutum were examined in a medium containing 50 mg liter-1 colloidal titania. Over the Zn(II) concentration range used, detrimental growth and yield effects were observed. Addition of...
Solid and fluid inclusions in mantle xenoliths: An analytical dilemma?
J.S. Noller
1986, Geology (14) 437-440
Two Cr-diopside Iherzolite xenoliths with kaersutite selvages, from Dish Hill, California, contain four types of solid and fluid inclusions that can be used to discriminate between actual mantle processes and processes acting upon a fragment of mantle as it is entrained and carried to the earth surface. On the basis...
FASP, an analytic resource appraisal program for petroleum play analysis
R. A. Crovelli, R.H. Balay
1986, Computers & Geosciences (12) 423-475
An analytic probabilistic methodology for resource appraisal of undiscovered oil and gas resources in play analysis is presented in a FORTRAN program termed FASP. This play-analysis methodology is a geostochastic system for petroleum resource appraisal in explored as well as frontier areas. An established geologic model considers both the uncertainty...
Ground-water flow in low permeability environments
Christopher E. Neuzil
1986, Water Resources Research (22) 1163-1195
Certain geologic media are known to have small permeability; subsurface environments composed of these media and lacking well developed secondary permeability have groundwater flow sytems with many distinctive characteristics. Moreover, groundwater flow in these environments appears to influence the evolution of certain hydrologic, geologic, and geochemical systems, may affect the...
FEATURE OF THE 3 MARCH 1985 CHILE EARTHQUAKE - POSSIBLE TERRAIN AMPLIFICATION.
M. Çelebi
1986, Conference Paper
This paper presents results of site-response experiments performed five months after the M//s equals 7. 8 Central Chile Earthquake of 3 March 1985. The objectives of the experiments performed are to identify amplification due to topography and geology. Topographical amplification at Canal Beagle, a subdivision of Vina del Mar, was...
Geochemical investigations of selected Eastern United States watersheds affected by acid deposition
Owen P. Bricker
1986, Journal of the Geological Society (143) 621-626
The effects of acid deposition on surface waters in eastern United States watersheds having similar size, physiography, climate and land use are related to the composition of the underlying bedrock. Watersheds developed on greenstone, calcareous shale, sandstone, granite, and schist differ in their ability to neutralize acid deposition....
Optical reflection from planetary surfaces as an operator-eigenvalue problem
R.L. Wildey
1986, Earth, Moon and Planets (36) 103-116
The understanding of quantum mechanical phenomena has come to rely heavily on theory framed in terms of operators and their eigenvalue equations. This paper investigates the utility of that technique as related to the reciprocity principle in diffuse reflection. The reciprocity operator is shown to be unitary and Hermitian; hence,...
Manganese biogeochemistry in a small Adirondack forested lake watershed
James B. Shanley
1986, Water Resources Research (22) 1647-1656
In September and October 1981, manganese (Mn) concentrations and pH were intensively monitored in a small forested lake watershed in the west-central Adirondack Mountains, New York, during two large acidic storms (each ∼5 cm rainfall, pH 4.61 and 4.15). The data were evaluated to identify biogeochemical pathways of Mn and to assess...
Organic metamorphism in the Lower Mississippian-Upper Devonian Bakken shales-II: Soxhlet extraction.
L.C. Price, T. Ging, A. Love, D. Anders
1986, Journal of Petroleum Geology (9) 313-342
We report on Soxhlet extraction (and subsequent related analyses) of 39 Lower Mississippian-Upper Devonian Bakken shales from the North Dakota portion of the Williston Basin, and analyses of 28 oils from the Basin. Because of the influence of primary petroleum migration, no increase in the relative or absolute concentrations of...
Effects of the 1906 Earthquake on the Bald Hill Outlet System, San Mateo County, California
Earl H. Pampeyan
1986, Bulletin of the Association of Engineering Geologists (23) 197-208
Following the earthquake of April 18, 1906, it was discovered that a brick forebay and other parts of the reservoir outlet system were in the slip zone of the San Andreas fault. The original outlet through which water was directed to San Francisco consisted of two tunnels joined at the...
Giant subtidal stromatolites forming in normal salinity waters
R.F. Dill, E.A. Shinn, A.T. Jones, K. Kelly, R.P. Steinen
1986, Nature (324) 55-58
We report here the discovery of giant lithified subtidal columnar stromatolites (>2 m high) growing in 7-8 m of clear oceanic water in current-swept channels between the Exuma Islands on the eastern Bahama Bank. They grow by trapping ooid and pelletal carbonate sand and synsedimentary precipitation of carbonate cement within...
Correlation between electron spin resonance spectra and oil yield in eastern oil shales
M. Choudhury, K.F. Rheams, J.W. Harrell Jr.
1986, Fuel (65) 1028-1029
Organic free radical spin concentrations were measured in 60 raw oil shale samples from north Alabama and south Tennessee and compared with Fischer assays and uranium concentrations. No correlation was found between spin concentration and oil yield for the complete set of samples. However, for a 13 sample set taken...
ON NONSTATIONARY STOCHASTIC MODELS FOR EARTHQUAKES.
Erdal Safak, David M. Boore
1986, Conference Paper
A seismological stochastic model for earthquake ground-motion description is presented. Seismological models are based on the physical properties of the source and the medium and have significant advantages over the widely used empirical models. The model discussed here provides a convenient form for estimating structural response by using random vibration...
Determination of the dissolved anion composition of ancient lakes from fossil ostracodes
R. M. Forester
1986, Geology (14) 796-798
The mineralogy of evaporite and other precipitated minerals, together with geochemical studies, has provided traditional sources of information about the major dissolved ion composition (solutes) of ancient lakes. The paleocompositional resolving power of these methods is generally greatest in high-salinity lakes that precipitate...
Fission-track dating of the tectonic development of the San Juan Islands, Washington
S. Y. Johnson, R.A. Zimmerman, C. W. Naeser, J. T. Whetten
1986, Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences (23) 1318-1330
The San Juan Islands of Washington State form a geologically complex province located between the north Cascades, Vancouver Island, and the Olympic Peninsula. We have obtained 53 fission-track dates from the San Juan Islands province that help constrain its late Paleozoic to early Cenozoic tectonic and sedimentary history and its...
Thalenite from Arizona.
J. Fitzpatrick, A. Pabst
1986, American Mineralogist (71) 188-193
Thalenite occurs as a minor constituent of a single small pegmatite within an extensive area of granite a few miles S of Kingman, Arizona. Partly crystalline and partly metamict, this thalenite has composition Y3(Si3O10)(OH), with extensive substitution of Y by REE, especially Dy, Er and Yb. Upon heating, even at...
A soil catena on schist in northwestern California
D. C. Marron, J.H. Popenoe
1986, Geoderma (37) 307-324
Soil characteristics in a small steepland watershed underlain by schist in a rainy, tectonically active area in northwestern California show close associations with drainage-basin position and slope characteristics. Five soil-topography units based on these associations are defined in the study watershed. Spatial relationships of soil series, and patterns of soil...
The Schwarzwalder uranium deposit, III: Alteration, vein mineralization, light stable isotopes, and genesis of the deposit
A. R. Wallace, J. F. Whelan
1986, Economic Geology (81) 872-888
The Schwartzwalder uranium deposit formed at 69.3 + or - 1.1 m.y. in a complex fracture system during the inception of Laramide uplift of the Front Range in Colorado. Geologic and isotopic evidence demonstrates that the ore-forming fluids were in chemical equilibrium with the Proterozoic metavolcanic and metasedimentary host-rock terrane...
ARCTIC SEA ICE EXTENT AND DRIFT, MODELED AS A VISCOUS FLUID.
Chi-Hai Ling, Claire L. Parkinson
1986, Ocean science and engineering (11) 71-98
A dynamic/thermodynamic numerical model of sea ice has been used to calculate the yearly cycle of sea ice thicknesses, concentrations, and velocities in the Arctic Ocean and surrounding seas. The model combines the formulations of two previous models, taking the thermodynamics and momentum equations from the model of Parkinson and...
SALTWATER INTRUSION IN A HIGHLY TRANSMISSIVE UNCONFINED AQUIFER.
Bradley G. Waller
1986, Conference Paper
Saltwater intrusion is particularly dynamic in coastal Dade County because of the high permeability of the Biscayne aquifer, because of the good interconnection between canals and the aquifer, and because of the seasonal rainfall. The problem is accentuated as urban growth continues to encroach on inland wetland areas which results...
Nest sites of ducks in grazed mixed-grass prairie in North Dakota
Harold F. Duebbert, J. T. Lokemoen, D.E. Sharp
1986, Prairie Naturalist (18) 99-108
Habitat use and nesting success of seven species of dabbling ducks were evaluated in five vegetative associations within grazed mixed-grass prairie in central North Dakota. During 1976-80, 548 nests were found on 412 ha of grazed prairie for an annual average density of 27 nests/100 ha. Numbers of nests found...
