Determination of selected azaarenes in water by bonded-phase extraction and liquid chromatography
T.R. Steinheimer, M.G. Ondrus
1986, Analytical Chemistry (58) 1839-1844
A method for the rapid and simple quantitative determination of quinoline, isoquinoline, and five selected three-ring azaarenes in water has been developed. The azaarene fraction is separated from its carbon analogues on n-octadecyl packing material by edition with acidified water/acetonitrile. Concentration as great as 1000-fold is achieved readily. Instrumental analysis...
Aluminum in hornblende: an empirical igneous geobarometer.
J. M. Hammarstrom, E. Zen
1986, American Mineralogist (71) 1297-1313
Electron-microprobe analyses of hornblendes from five calc-alkaline plutonic complexes representing low- and high-pressure regimes define a tightly clustered linear trend in terms of total Al (AlT) and tetrahedral Al (Aliv) contents. Data collated from the literature on calcic amphiboles from other plutonic complexes and from phase equilibrium experiments using natural...
Southeastern extension of the Lake Basin fault zone in south- central Montana: implications for coal and hydrocarbon exploration ( USA).
L. N. Robinson, B. E. Barnum
1986, Mountain Geologist (23) 37-44
The Lake Basin fault zone consists mainly of en echelon NE-striking normal faults that have been interpreted to be surface expressions of left-lateral movement along a basement wrench fault. Information gathered from recent field mapping of coal beds and from shallow, closely-spaced drill holes resulted in detailed coal bed correlations,...
Solubility relations in the system potassium chloride-ferrous chloride-water between 25 and 75.degree.C at 1 atm
I.-M. Chou, L.D. Phan
1986, Journal of Chemical and Engineering Data (31) 154-156
Solubility relations in the ternary system KCl-FeCl2-H2O have been determined by means of the visual polythermal method at 1 atm from 18 to 75??C along 10 composition lines. Solubilities of sylvite were measured along five composition lines defined by mixing KCl with five aqueous FeCl2 solutions containing 10, 20, 30,...
Gas analyses from the Pu'u O'o eruption in 1985, Kilauea volcano, Hawaii
L. P. Greenland
1986, Bulletin of Volcanology (48) 341-348
Volcanic gas samples were collected from July to November 1985 from a lava pond in the main eruptive conduit of Pu'u O'o from a 2-week-long fissure eruption and from a minor flank eruption of Pu'u O'o. The molecular composition of these gases is consistent with thermodynamic equilibrium at a temperature...
Digital merging of Landsat TM and digitized NHAP data for 1:24 000-scale image mapping.
P.S. Chavez Jr.
1986, Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing (52) 1637-1646
Merging image data collected by different remote sensors is becoming an increasingly important component of digital processing. In this study, two data sets with very different characteristics were digitally merged, and a single data set, which contains information from both sets, was generated. Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) data were selected...
Radarclinometry
R.L. Wildey
1986, Earth, Moon and Planets (36) 217-247
A mathematical theory and a corresponding algorithm have been developed to derive topographic maps from radar images as photometric arrays. Thus, as radargrammetry is to photogrammetry, so radarclinometry is to photoclinometry. Photoclinometry is endowed with a fundamental indeterminacy principle even for terrain homogeneous in normal albedo. This arises from the...
Nepheloid layers and internal waves over continental shelves and slopes
D.A. Cacchione, D.E. Drake
1986, Geo-Marine Letters (6) 147-152
Theoretical and laboratory results indicate that bottom velocities within shoaling internal gravity waves intensify upslope approximately inversely proportional to the water depth. The elevated velocities (and bottom stresses) caused by shoaling and, possibly, breaking internal waves might explain the generation and maintenance of near-bottom nepheloid zones and attached turbid plumes...
Mass balance and sliding velocity of the Puget lobe of the cordilleran ice sheet during the last glaciation
D. B. Booth
1986, Quaternary Research (25) 269-280
An estimate of the sliding velocity and basal meltwater discharge of the Puget lobe of the Cordilleran ice sheet can be calculated from its reconstructed extent, altitude, and mass balance. Lobe dimensions and surface altitudes are inferred from ice limits and flow-direction indicators. Net annual mass balance and total ablation...
In situ and laboratory geotechnical tests of the Pierre Shale near Hayes, South Dakota — A characterization of engineering behavior
Thomas C. Nichols Jr., Donley S. Collins, Richard R. Davidson
1986, Canadian Geotechnical Journal (23) 181-194
A geotechnical investigation of the Pierre Shale near Hayes, South Dakota, was conducted by the U.S. Geological Survey as a basis for evaluating problems in deep excavations into that formation. The physical and mechanical properties of the shale were determined through use of core holes drilled to a maximum depth...
Pb, Sr, Nd, and Hf isotopic constraints on the origin of Hawaiian basalts and evidence for a unique mantle source
P. Stille, D.M. Unruh, M. Tatsumoto
1986, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta (50) 2303-2319
Pb, Sr, Nd, and Hf isotopic relationships among basalts from the Hawaiian Islands suggest that these basalts were derived from three sources; the oceanic lithosphere (Kea end member), the depleted asthenosphere (posterosional end member) and a deep-mantle plume (Koolau end member).Hawaiian tholeiites are derived within the lithosphere and the isotopic...
Secretinite: A proposed new maceral of the inertinite maceral group
P.C. Lyons, Patrick G. Hatcher, F. W. Brown
1986, Fuel (65) 1094-1098
The new maceral secritinite (name derived from the word ‘secretory’) is proposed for subcircular, ovoid, crescent-shaped or oblong, commonly round on one or more sides, noncellular, highly reflective components of the inertinite maceral group. This maceral of secretory origin, known from many bituminous coals throughout the world, has been confused...
Internal structural variations in a debris-avalanche deposit from ancestral Mount Shasta, California, USA
T. Ui, H. Glicken
1986, Bulletin of Volcanology (48) 189-194
Various parameters of the internal structure of a debris-avalanche deposit from ancestral Mount Shasta (size and percentage of block facies in each exposure, number and width of jigsaw cracks, and number of rounded clasts in matrix facies) were measured in order to study flow and emplacement mechanisms. Three types of...
Oxygen isotope compositions of selected laramide-tertiary granitoid stocks in the Colorado Mineral Belt and their bearing on the origin of climax-type granite-molybdenum systems
J. L. Hannah, H. J. Stein
1986, Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology (93) 347-358
Quartz phenocrysts from 31 granitoid stocks in the Colorado Mineral Belt yield ??18O values less than 10.4???, with most values between 9.3 and 10.4???. An average magmatic value of about 8.5??? is suggested. The stocks resemble A-type granites; these data support magma genesis by partial melting of previously depleted, fluorine-enriched,...
The problem of complex eigensystems in the semianalytical solution for advancement of time in solute transport simulations: a new method using real arithmetic
Amjad M.J. Umari, Steven M. Gorelick
1986, Water Resources Research (22) 1149-1154
In the numerical modeling of groundwater solute transport, explicit solutions may be obtained for the concentration field at any future time without computing concentrations at intermediate times. The spatial variables are discretized and time is left continuous in the governing differential equation. These semianalytical solutions have been presented in the...
Precision of a field method for determination of pH in dilute lakes
J.T. Turk
1986, Water, Air, & Soil Pollution (27) 237-242
Replicate pH measurements in three dilute lakes made during extreme conditions indicate that pH can be measured in the field with a variance due to measurement error of 0.005 unit. Error of the field technique in measuring the pH of dilute solutions in the laboratory ranges from less than 0.01...
The evolution of young silicic lavas at Medicine Lake Volcano, California: Implications for the origin of compositional gaps in calc-alkaline series lavas
T.L. Grove, J.M. Donnelly-Nolan
1986, Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology (92) 281-302
At Medicine Lake Volcano, California, the compositional gap between andesite (57-62 wt.% SiO2) and rhyolite (73-74 wt.% SiO2) has been generated by fractional crystallization. Assimilation of silicic crust has also occurred along with fractionation. Two varieties of inclusions found in Holocene rhyolite flows, hornblende gabbros and aphyric andesites, provide information...
Paleodrainages of the Eastern Sahara-The radar rivers revisited (SIR-A/B Implications for a Mid-Tertiary Trans-Afnrcan Drainage System)
John F. McCauley, Carlos S. Breed, Gerald G. Schaber, William P. McHugh, Bahay Issawi, C. Vance Haynes, Maurice J. Grolier, Ali El Kilani
1986, IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing (GE-24) 624-648
A complex history of Cenozoic fluvial activity in the presently hyperarid Eastern Sahara is inferred from SIR data and postflight field investigations in southwest Egypt and northwest Sudan. SIR images were coregistered with Landsat and existing maps as a guide to exploration of the buried paleodrainages (radar rivers) first discovered...
Modern alluvial history of the Paria Rver drainage basin, southern Utah
R. Hereford
1986, Quaternary Research (25) 293-311
Stream channels in the Paria River basin were eroded and partially refilled between 1883 and 1980. Basin-wide erosion began in 1883; channels were fully entrenched and widened by 1890. This erosion occurred during the well-documented period of arroyo cutting in the Southwest. Photographs of the Paria River channel taken between...
A tubular-coring device for use in biogeochemical sampling of succulent and pulpy plants
W. L. Campbell
1986, Journal of Geochemical Exploration (25) 397-399
A hand-operated, tubular-coring device developed for use in biogeochemical sampling of succulent and pulpy plants is described. The sampler weighs about 500 g (1.1 lb); and if 25 × 175 mm (1 × 7 in) screw-top test tubes are used as...
Effects of temperature and sliding rate on frictional strength of granite
D.A. Lockner, R. Summers, J.D. Byerlee
1986, Pure and Applied Geophysics PAGEOPH (124) 445-469
Layers of artificial granite gouge have been deformed on saw-cut granite surfaces inclined 30?? to the sample axes. Samples were deformed at a constant confining pressure of 250 MPa and temperatures of 22 to 845??C. The velocity dependence of the steady-state coefficient of friction (??ss) was determined by comparing sliding...
Stick slip, charge separation and decay
D.A. Lockner, J.D. Byerlee, V.S. Kuksenko, A.V. Ponomarev
1986, Pure and Applied Geophysics PAGEOPH (124) 601-608
Measurements of charge separation in rock during stable and unstable deformation give unexpectedly large decay times of 50 sec. Time-domain induced polarization experiments on wet and dry rocks give similar decay times and suggest that the same decay mechanisms operate in the induced polarization response as in the relaxation of...
CHARACTERIZATION OF SANDSTONE RESERVOIRS FOR ENHANCED OIL RECOVERY: THE PERMIAN UPPER MINNELUSA FORMATION, POWDER RIVER BASIN, WYOMING.
Christopher J. Schenk, J. W. Schmoker, J.M. Scheffler
1986, Conference Paper, Society of Petroleum Engineers of AIME, (Paper) SPE
Upper Minnelusa sandstones form a complex group of reservoirs because of variations in regional setting, sedimentology, and diagenetic alteration. Structural lineaments separate the reservoirs into northern and southern zones. Production in the north is from a single pay sand, and in the south from multi-pay sands due to differential erosion...
The effects of sliding velocity on the frictional and physical properties of heated fault gouge
Diane E. Moore, R. Summers, J.D. Byerlee
1986, Pure and Applied Geophysics PAGEOPH (124) 31-52
The frictional properties of a crushed granite gouge and of gouges rich in montmorillonite, illite, and serpentine minerals have been investigated at temperatures as high as 600??C, confining pressures as high as 2.5 kbar, a pore pressure of 30 bar, and sliding velocities of 4.8 and 4.8??10-2 ??m/sec. The gouges...
The modification of an estuary
F.H. Nichols, James E. Cloern, Samuel N. Luoma, D. H. Peterson
1986, Science (231) 567-573
The San Francisco Bay estuary has been rapidly modified by human activity. Diking and filling of most of its wetlands have eliminated habitats for fish and waterfowl; the introduction of exotic species has transformed the composition of its aquatic communities; reduction of freshwater inflow by more than half has changed...
