Distribution and food habits of young-of-the-year fishes in a backwater lake of the upper Mississippi River
L. E. Holland, M.L. Huston
1985, Journal of Freshwater Ecology (3) 81-91
The distribution patterns and food habits of young-of-the-year (YOY) fishes in a lentic area adjacent to the main channel of Pool 7 of the upper Mississippi River were studied. Habitats sampled grouped distinctly based on percent composition and abundance of YOY fishes with those having submergent vegetation dominated...
Determination of carbonate carbon in geological materials by coulometric titration
E.E. Engleman, L. L. Jackson, D. R. Norton
1985, Chemical Geology (53) 125-128
A coulometric titration is used for the determination of carbonate carbon in geological materials. Carbon dioxide is evolved from the sample by the addition of 2 M perchloric acid, with heating, and is determined by automated coulometric titration. The coulometric titration showed improved speed and precision with comparable accuracy to...
Effects of contaminants on toxicity of the lampricides TFM and Bayer 73 to three species of fish
L. L. Marking, T.D. Bills
1985, Journal of Great Lakes Research (11) 171-178
Waters in the Great Lakes basin contain more than 400 contaminant chemicals that potentially affect fishery resources, commerce, and human inhabitants. We determined in the laboratory the effects of selected contaminants on the toxicity of the widely used lampricides TFM (3-trifluoromethyl-4-nitrophenol)...
Adsorption and desorption of hexavalent chromium in an alluvial aquifer near Telluride, Colorado
Kenneth G. Stollenwerk, D.B. Grove
1985, Journal of Environmental Quality (14) 150-155
A laboratory investigation of reactions between hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] and alluvium was conducted to evaluate reactions of Cr(VI) contaminating an alluvial aquifer near Telluride, CO and to determine the mechanisms responsible for these reactions. Uncontaminated alluvium and groundwater (spiked with CrO42−) from the study site were used...
Global map of eolian features on Mars
A. W. Ward, K.B. Doyle, P. J. Helm, M.K. Weisman, N.E. Witbeck
1985, Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth (90) 2038-2056
Ten basic categories of eolian features on Mars were identified from a survey of Mariner 9 and Viking orbiter images. The ten features mapped are (1) light streaks (including frost streaks), (2) dark streaks, (3) sand sheets or splotches, (4) barchari dunes, (5) transverse dunes, (6) crescentic dunes, (7) anomalous...
Afrotarsius chatrathi, first tarsiiform primate (? Tarsiidae) from Africa
E.L. Simons, T. M. Bown
1985, Nature (313) 475-477
Tarsiiform primates have long been regarded as a Laurasian group, with an extensive fossil record in the Eocene of North America and Europe1-4 and two important but less well-known records from Asia5,6. The only living genus is Tarsius (Tarsiidae), whereas all of the fossil tarsier-like primates are usually placed in...
Origin of caves and other solution openings in the unsaturated (vadose) zone of carbonate rocks: A model for CO2 generation
W.W. Wood
1985, Geology (13) 822-824
The enigma that caves and other solution openings form in carbonate rocks at great depths below land surface rather than forming from the surface downward can be explained by the generation of CO2 within the aquifer system. In the proposed model, CO2 is generated by the oxidation of particulate and/or...
Scientific knowledge and modern prospecting
G. J. Neuerburg
1985, Mineralium Deposita (20) 30-32
Modern prospecting is the systematic search for specified and generally ill-exposed components of the Earth's crust known as ore. This prospecting depends entirely on reliable, or scientific knowledge for guidance and for recognition of the search objects. Improvement in prospecting results from additions and refinements to scientific knowledge. Scientific knowledge...
SPECTRAL REFLECTANCE METHOD TO MEASURE ACID DEPOSITION EFFECTS ON BUILDING STONE.
Marguerite J. Kingston, Cathy M. Ager
1985, Conference Paper, Technical Papers of the American Society of Photogrammetry, Annual Meeting
As part of the National Acid Precipitation Assessment Program (NAPAP), the U. S. Geological Survey is cooperating with other agencies to test the effects of acid deposition on building stone. A 10-year test-site study has been organized for the purpose of correlating possible stone deterioration with environmental factors. In Summer...
The Schwartzwalder uranium deposit, II: Age of uranium mineralization and lead isotope constraints on genesis
K.R. Ludwig, A. R. Wallace, K. R. Simmons
1985, Economic Geology (80) 1858-1871
U-Pb isotope analyses of ores from the Schwartzwalder uranium mine, Colorado, show that these ores have high amounts of initial (common) Pb and that the initial Pb was both variable and relatively radiogenic in its Pb isotope ratios ( 206 Pb/ 204 Pb = 26-30). As a result, the only useful approach to dating...
Interannual streamflow variability in the United States based on principal components
Harry F. Lins
1985, Water Resources Research (21) 691-701
Interannual modes of streamflow variation at 106 locations across the United States during the period 1931–1978 are defined by using principal components. Five statistically significant components are found to account for more than 56% of the total streamflow variance. The first principal component represents a nationwide tendency for either above-...
Early Tertiary marine fossils from northern Alaska: Implications for Arctic Ocean paleogeography and faunal evolution
L. Marincovich Jr., E. M. Brouwers, L. D. Carter
1985, Geology (13) 770-773
Marine mollusks and ostracodes indicate a post-Danian Paleocene to early Eocene (Thanetian to Ypresian) age for a fauna from the Prince Creek Formation at Ocean Point, northern Alaska, that also contains genera characteristic of the Cretaceous and Neogene-Quaternary. The life-association of heterochronous taxa...
Organic geochemical characterization of the New Albany Shale group in the Illinois Basin
I.-M. Chou, D. R. Dickerson
1985, Organic Geochemistry (8) 413-420
Benzene extractable aliphatic hydrocarbons from the New Albany Shale in the Illinois Basin were characterized by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry, and the total organic matter of the shale was characterized by solid state carbon-13 cross polarization magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance. Core samples from a northwest-trending cross-section of...
A study of the depth of weathering and its relationship to the mechanical properties of near-surface rocks in the Mojave Desert
D.J. Stierman, J. H. Healy
1985, Pure and Applied Geophysics PAGEOPH (122) 425-439
Weathered granite extends 70 m deep at Hi Vista in the arid central Mojave Desert of southern California. The low strength of this granite is due to the alteration of biotite and chlorite montmorillonite. Deep weathering probably occurs in most granites, although we cannot rule out some anomalous mechanisms at...
Quantification of transit losses, and its effects on surface-water resources, Arkansas River basin, Colorado
Russell K. Livingston
1985, Conference Paper
Colorado Water Law enables downstream water users to use natural river channels to convey water from upstream storage reservoirs to downstream canals, provided an equitable charge is made for transit loss. Charging a variable transit-loss rate for delivery of winter water stored in Pueblo Reservoir has resulted in better management...
Prediction of central California earthquakes from soil-gas helium fluctuations
G.M. Reimer
1985, Pure and Applied Geophysics PAGEOPH (122) 369-375
The observations of short-term decreases in helium soil-gas concentrations along the San Andreas Fault in central California have been correlated with subsequent earthquake activity. The area of study is elliptical in shape with radii approximately 160??80 km, centered near San Benito, and with the major axis parallel to the Fault....
CONMAP - USGS MARINE MAPPING PROGRAM.
Edward C. Escowitz
1985, Conference Paper, Technical Papers of the American Congress of Surveying and Mapping
The U. S. Geological Survey has commenced a marine mapping program, CONMAP (the Continental Margin Maps), which is supported by, and dependent on, a foundation of digital data-bases. The goal of the program's first phase is to prepare a series of maps that completely cover the Exclusive Economic Zone. The...
In-situ fluid-pressure measurements for earthquake prediction: An example from a deep well at Hi Vista, California
J. H. Healy, T. C. Urban
1985, Pure and Applied Geophysics PAGEOPH (122) 255-279
Short-term earthquake prediction requires sensitive instruments for measuring the small anomalous changes in stress and strain that precede earthquakes. Instruments installed at or near the surface have proven too noisy for measuring anomalies of the size expected to occur, and it is now recognized that even to have the possibility...
TSX-PLUS MULTI-TASKING UPGRADE FOR THE NICOLET L-11 POWDER DIFFRACTION SYSTEM.
J. Fitzpatrick, David L. Queen
1985, Conference Paper, Advances in X-Ray Analysis
In August of 1982, a single-user, dual-translator, automated powder diffraction system was purchased by the Denver Research Institute for use on project work in the Chemical and Materials Sciences Division. Within a short period of time, the system had already become saturated with users. Scheduling conflicts arose. In view of...
Application of the 1:2,000,000-scale data base: A National Atlas sectional prototype
Donna M. Dixon
1985, Conference Paper, Technical Papers of the American Congress of Surveying and Mapping
A study of the potential to produce a National Atlas sectional prototype from the 1:2,000,000-scale data base was concluded recently by the National Mapping Division, U. S. Geological Survey. This paper discusses the specific digital cartographic production procedures involved in the preparation of the prototype map, as well as the...
Streamflow variability in the United States: 1931-1978.
H.F. Lins
1985, Journal of Climate and Applied Meteorology (24) 463-471
Systematic modes of spatial and temporal variation in a 48-year record of streamflow are defined using principal components. The components were calculated from a matrix of annual streamflow departures for 106 grid cells covering the United States in the years 1931-78. Five statistically significant components are found to account for...
In situ stress, natural fracture distribution, and borehole elongation in the Auburn Geothermal Well, Auburn, New York
Stephen H. Hickman, John H. Healy, Mark D. Zoback
1985, Journal of Geophysical Research (90) 5497-5512
Hydraulic fracturing stress measurements and a borehole televiewer survey were conducted in a 1.6‐km‐deep well at Auburn, New York. This well, which was drilled at the outer margin of the Appalachian Fold and Thrust Belt in the Appalachian Plateau, penetrates approximately 1540 m of lower Paleozoic sedimentary rocks and terminates...
Installation of observation wells on hazardous waste sites in Kansas using a hollow-stem auger
C. A. Perry, R. J. Hart
1985, Ground Water Monitoring and Remediation (5) 70-73
Noncontaminating procedures were used during the hollow-stem auger installation of 12 observation wells on three hazardous waste sites in Kansas. Special precautions were taken to ensure that water samples were representative of the ground water in the aquifer and were not subjected to contamination from the land surface or cross...
Airfall tuff in the Browns Park Formation, northwestern Colorado and northeastern Utah.
S. J. Luft
1985, Mountain Geologist (22) 110-127
Bedded airfall tuffs, mainly rhyolitic in composition and locally very thick, occur throughout the Browns Park Formation (upper Oligocene to upper Miocene) in northwestern Colorado and northeasternmost Utah. They have received only cursory attention other than for the purpose of radiometric dating. The present writer began study of the tuffs...
A two-dimensional dam-break flood plain model
T. V. Hromadka II, C. E. Berenbrock, J. R. Freckleton, G. L. Guymon
1985, Advances in Water Resources (8) 7-14
A simple two-dimensional dam-break model is developed for flood plain study purposes. Both a finite difference grid and an irregular triangle element integrated finite difference formulation are presented. The governing flow equations are approximately solved as a diffusion model coupled to the equation of continuity. Application of the model to...
