Government investment in mineral resource information on leasable public lands: The case of strippable coal
Emil D. Attanasi
1984, Resources and Energy (6) 41-59
A scheme is presented to aid the government in estimating the net benefits, in terms of itsrecovery of expected rents, of performing various levels of exploration of mineral tracts prior to leasing and making such information available to potential bidders. Conditions are identified where the government will profit by investment...
Side-scan sonar assessment of gray whale feeding in the Bering Sea
K.R. Johnson, C.H. Nelson
1984, Science (225) 1150-1152
Side-scan sonar was used to map and measure feeding pits of the California gray whale over 22,000 square kilometers of the northeastern Bering Sea floor. The distribution of pits, feeding whales, ampeliscid amphipods (whale prey), and a fine-sand substrate bearing the amphipods were all closely correlated. The central Chirikov Basin...
Disruption of the terrestrial plant ecosystem at the Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary, western interior
R.H. Tschudy, C. L. Pillmore, C. J. Orth, J. S. Gilmore, J.D. Knight
1984, Science (225) 1030-1032
The palynologically defined Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary in the western interior of North America occurs at the top of an iridium-rich clay layer. The boundary is characterized by the abrupt disappearance of certain pollen species, immediately followed by a pronounced, geologically brief change in the ratio of fern spores to angiosperm pollen....
Population structure of Adenostoma fasciculatum in mature stands of chamise chaparral in the southern Sierra Nevada, California
T.J. Stohlgren, D.J. Parsons, P.W. Rundel
1984, Oecologia (64) 87-91
In the low elevation chaparral areas of Sequoia National Park, California, pure stands of chamise (Adenostoma fasciculatum) are periodically rejuvenated by fire. Mature stands showed considerable variability in density and total biomass even though a positive correlation exists between the two. Mature stands showed a preponderance of individuals in the...
Offshore exploration and industry change: The case of the Gulf of Mexico
Emil D. Attanasi, L. J. Drew
1984, Journal of Petroleum Technology (36) 437-442
This paper considers industry structure and the exploration performance (by size class of operator) of firms searching for oil and gas in the U.S. Gulf of Mexico. It also tracks the changes in industry structure that have occurred in response to a decline in the quality of remaining prospects in...
The orientation and navigation of juvenile alligators: evidence of magnetic sensitivity
Gordon H. Rodda
1984, Journal of Comparative Physiology A (154) 649-658
Displaced juvenile alligators, Alligator mississipiensis, were released on land in a 9 m diameter dodecagonal arena to test their ability to orient in the absence of terrestrial landmarks. Navigational ability seemed to improve with age. When displaced along a fairly direct route yearlings (age 7–14 months) compensated for their displacement,...
Age of the Comfort Member of the Castle Hayne Formation, North Carolina
J. E. Hazel, Laurel M. Bybell, Lucy E. Edwards, G. D. Jones, L. W. Ward
1984, GSA Bulletin (95) 1040-1044
The biostratigraphic and chronostratigraphic position of the Comfort Member of the Castle Hayne Formation has been the subject of much debate. At the Martin-Marietta Quarry at Castle Hayne, New Hanover County, North Carolina, the planktic foraminifers indicate an assignment within an interval of the uppermost Turborotalia frontosa Zone to the Turborotalia pomeroli Zone. The...
Development of a predictive irrigation scheduling index using electrophytograms
William G. Gensler
1984, Report, Research project technical completion report 828-05
No abstract available....
Spawning by Rhinichthys osculus (Cyprinidae), in the San Francisco River, New Mexico
Gordon A. Mueller
1984, Southwestern Naturalist (29) 354-356
The speckles dace Rhinichthys osculus [Girard] is the most widely distributed and ubiquitous fish in the western United States (Moyle, Inland Fishes of California, 1976). Although common, very little information is available concerning thje reproductive behavior of speckled dace or the environmental cues which trigger spawning activity. Several...
Stylites, a vascular land plant without stomata absorbs CO2 via its roots
Jon E. Keeley, C.B. Osmond, J.A. Raven
1984, Nature (310) 694-695
Photosynthetic organs of most higher plants normally have access to atmospheric CO2 through stomatal pores which also serve as variable valves to control the loss of H2O vapour which accompanies CO2 uptake1. The acquisition of stomata is commonly thought to have been a crucial development permitting ‘conquest’ of land and direct access...
Sinking of volcanic ash in uncompacted sediment in Williams Lake, Washington
R.Y. Anderson, E.B. Nuhfer, W.E. Dean
1984, Science (225) 505-508
Volcanic ash from the eruption of Mount St. Helens on 18 May 1980 fell into Williams Lake in eastern Washington and was temporarily suspended at the sediment-water interface. After several months of compaction, the ash layer broke up and sank into lower density uncompacted lake sediment. Stratigraphic time displacements of...
Sex differences in the ontogeny of social behavior in pikas: possible relationships to dispersal and territoriality
1984, Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology (15) 175-182
A laboratory study on the ontogeny of social behavior in pikas (Ochotona princeps), an alpine lagomorph, was conducted to determine the role of early relationships between adult females and young and among siblings in the development of territorial and dispersal behaviors. Sex differences during development were examined because field studies...
Oxygen isotope ranking of late Eocene and Oligocene planktonic foraminifers: Implications for Oligocene sea-surface temperatures and global ice-volume
R.Z. Poore, R.K. Matthews
1984, Marine Micropaleontology (9) 111-134
Oxygen isotope analyses of late Eocene and Oligocene planktonic foraminifers from low and middle latitude sites in the Atlantic Basin show that different species from the same samples can yield significantly different isotopic values. The range of isotopic values observed between species is greatest at low-latitudes and declines poleward. Many...
Control of barrier island shape by inlet sediment bypassing: East Frisian Islands, West Germany
Duncan M. FitzGerald, S. Penland, D. Nummedal
1984, Marine Geology (60) 355-376
A study of the East Frisian Islands has shown that the plan form of these islands can be explained by processes of inlet sediment bypassing. This island chain is located on a high wave energy, high tide range shoreline where the average deep-water significant wave height exceeds 1.0 m and...
High-frequency sediment-level oscillations in the swash zone
Asbury H. Sallenger Jr., Bruce M. Richmond
1984, Marine Geology (60) 155-164
Sediment-level oscillations with heights of about 6 cm and shore-normal lengths of order 10 m have been measured in the swash zone of a high-energy, coarse-sand beach. Crests of oscillations were shore parallel and continuous alongshore. The oscillations were of such low steepness (height-to-length ratio approximately 0.006) that they were...
Shoreface translation and the Holocene stratigraphic record: Examples from Nova Scotia, the Mississippi Delta and eastern Australia
Ron Boyd, S. Penland
1984, Marine Geology (60) 391-412
Classic descriptive models of barrier sedimentation have been developed with data from the Atlantic and Gulf coasts of the United States. These models are dominated by low to moderate rates of relative sea level (RSL) rise and wave energy. Barriers respond by landward recycling of sediment through the mechanism of...
Tidal-cycle changes in oscillation ripples on the inner part of an estuarine sand flat
J.R. Dingler, H.E. Clifton
1984, Marine Geology (60) 219-233
Oscillation ripples form on subaqueous sand beds when wave-generated, near-bottom water motions are strong enough to move sand grains. The threshold of grain motion is the lower bound of the regime of oscillation ripples and the onset of sheet flow is the upper bound. Based on the relation between ripple...
Ground-water contamination by crude oil at the Bemidji, Minnesota, research site- An introduction: Chapter A in Ground-water contamination by crude oil at the Bemidji, Minnesota, research site; US Geological Survey Toxic Waste--ground-water contamination study
1984, Water-Resources Investigations Report 84-4188-A
The U.S. Geological Survey has begun a research project to improve understanding of the mobilization, transport, and fate of petroleum contaminants in the shallow subsurface and to use this understanding to develop predictive models of contaminant behavior. The project site is near Bemidji in northern Minnesota where an accidental spill...
Volcanic hazards in Indonesia: The 1982-83 eruption of Galunggung
A. Sudradjat, Robert I. Tilling
1984, Episodes (7) 13-19
Indonesia faces a perpetual volcanic-hazards problem of enormous proportions, exemplified by the 1982-83 eruption of Galunggung in West Java. Though moderate in size, this caused widespread destruction and a marked socio-economic impact on more than half a million people. The prolonged activity provided and opportunity for the Volcanological Survey of...
Forecasting eruptions in the Circum-Pacific
J.G. Souther, Robert I. Tilling, R.S. Punongbayan
1984, Episodes, Journal of International Geoscience (7) 10-18
Many important advances have been made in the last few years in the techniques and approaches to forecasting volcanic eruptions. Yet some of the most dangerous volcanoes are in countries unable to provide either the equipment or the skills to monitor them and to warn endangered residents. This review of...
Movements of translocated wolves in Minnesota
Steven H. Fritts, W.J. Paul, L.D. Mech
1984, Journal of Wildlife Management (48) 709-721
From Feb. 1975-May 1978, 104 wolves (Canis lupus) captured at or near Minnesota farms where depredations on livestock had been reported were translocated northward and eastward for 50-317 km into extensive forests; 3 others were released westward. Nine wolves were translocated twice, and 1 three times. Information on movements was...
Contaminant concentrations in manatees in Florida
Thomas J. O’Shea, John F. Moore, Howard I. Kochman
1984, Journal of Wildlife Management (48) 741-748
The status of the endangered manatee (Trichehus manatus) in relation to organochlorine pesticides, polychlorinated biphenyls, mercury, lead, cadmium, copper, iron, and selenium was investigated in Florida from 1977 to 1981. Concentrations of organochlorines in blubber, mercury in muscle and liver, lead in liver, and lead and cadmium in kidneys did...
National Cartographic Information Center
Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey
1984, Report
The National Cartographic Information Center (NCIC) exists to help you find maps of all kinds and much of the data and materials used to compile and to print them. NCIC collects, sorts and describes all types of cartographic information from Federal, State and local government agencies and, where possible, from...
Volatile constituents of wolf (Canis lupus) urine as related to gender and season
J. Raymer, D. Wiesler, M. Novotny, C. Asa, U.S. Seal, L. David Mech
1984, Experientia (40) 707-709
The volatile constituents of wolf urine were examined via capillary gas chromatography and compared among male, female, and castrate male. Several compounds including methyl isopentyl sulfide, 3,5-dimethyl-2-octanone, and acetophenone were clearly associated with the gender of the animal and many displayed a seasonal dependence. In addition, 2 long-chain aldehydes isolated...
Responses of wintering bald eagles to boating activity
Richard L. Knight, Susan K. Knight
1984, Journal of Wildlife Management (48) 999-1004
Wintering populations of bald eagles show a close association with open water (Spencer 1976, Steenhof 1978). With the dramatic increase in the use of waterways for recreational activity in recent decades (Brockman and Merriam 1973, Jensen 1973), concern has arisen regarding the effects of boating activity on wintering eagles...
