Ancient ice islands in salt lakes of the Central Andes
S. H. Hurlbert, Cecily C.Y. Chang
1984, Science (224) 299-302
Massive blocks of freshwater ice and frozen sediments protrude from shallow, saline lakes in the Andes of southwestern Bolivia and northeastern Chile. These ice islands range up to 1.5 kilometers long, stand up to 7 meters above the water surface, and may extend out tens of meters and more beneath...
Determination of hydraulic conductivity in three dimensions and its relation to dispersivity: Chapter D in Ground-water contamination by crude oil at the Bemidji, Minnesota, research site; US Geological Survey Toxic Waste--ground-water contamination study
1984, Water-Resources Investigations Report 84-4188-D
Recent investigations suggest that dispersion in aquifers is scale dependent and a function of the heterogeneity of aquifer materials. Theoretical stochastic studies indicate that determining hydraulic-conductivity variability in three dimensions is important in analyzing the dispersion process. Even though field methods are available to approximate hydraulic conductivity in three dimensions,...
Major carbon-14 deficiency in modern snail shells from southern Nevada springs
A.C. Riggs
1984, Science (224) 58-61
Carbon-14 contents as low as 3.3 ± 0.2 percent modern (apparent age, 27,000 years) measured from the shells of snails Melanoides tuberculatus living in artesian springs in southern Nevada are attributed to fixation of dissolved HCO3- with which the shells are in carbon isotope equilibrium. Recognition of the existence of such extreme deficiencies...
Nest spacing, habitat selection, and behavior of waterfowl on Miller Lake Island, North Dakota
John T. Lokemoen, Harold F. Duebbert, David E. Sharp
1984, Journal of Wildlife Management (48) 309-321
The nesting behavior of a concentration of nesting mallards (Anas platyrhynchos) and gadwalls (A. strepera) was studied on a 4.5-ha island in Miller Lake, North Dakota, in 1977. A single 0.59-ha clump of thick shrub contained 225 simultaneously active mallard nests on 10 May. During the peak nesting period, mallard...
Comparative ability of northern pintails, gadwalls, and northern shovelers to metabolize foods
Michael R. Miller
1984, Journal of Wildlife Management (48) 362-370
Feeding trials were used to compare the ability of northern pintails (Anas acuta), gadwalls (A. strepera), and northern shovelers (A. clypeata) to metabolize energy from a turkey starter ration, alfalfa pellets, and common barnyardgrass (Echinochloa crusgalli) seeds. No differences (P > 0.05) were detected among the three species for any...
Habitat use by migrant sandhill cranes in Nebraska
Gary L. Krapu, D.E. Facey, E.K. Fritzell, Douglas H. Johnson
1984, Journal of Wildlife Management (48) 407-417
The principal spring staging areas of the midcontinent population of sandhill cranes (Grus canadensis) are along the Platte and North Platte rivers in south-central Nebraska. Most of these lands are privately owned and managed for corn and cattle production. Diurnal habitat use by radio-tagged cranes was primarily in cropland (55%),...
Observations on Cretaceous abyssal hills in the northeast Pacific
Stephen L. Eittreim, D.Z. Piper, H. Chezar, D.R. Jones, A. Kaneps
1984, Marine Geology (56) 41-64
An abyssal hills area of 50 × 60 km in the northeast Pacific was studied using bottom transponder navigation, closely spaced survey lines, and long-traverse oblique photography. The block-faulted north—south hills are bounded by scarps, commonly with 40° slopes. On these steep scarps sedimentation is inhibited and pillow basalts often...
Discovery of two new large submarine canyons in the Bering Sea
Paul R. Carlson, Herman A. Karl
1984, Marine Geology (56) 159-179
The Beringian continental margin is incised by some of the world's largest submarine canyons. Two newly discovered canyons, St. Matthew and Middle, are hereby added to the roster of Bering Sea canyons. Although these canyons are smaller and not cut back into the Bering shelf like the five very large...
Avian cholera in the central and Mississippi flyways 1979-80
Christopher J. Brand
1984, Journal of Wildlife Management (48) 399-406
Waterfowl mortality from avian cholera during July 1979-May 1980 was widespread in the Central and Mississippi flyways, occurring in a wide variety of species and locations from nesting grounds of snow geese (Chen caerulescens) on Hudson Bay south to waterfowl wintering areas on the Texas coast and playa lakes region....
Wood duck and hooded merganser nesting on Arrowwood NWR, North Dakota
Harold A. Doty, F.B. Lee, A.D. Kruse, J.W. Matthews, John R. Foster, Phillip M. Arnold
1984, Journal of Wildlife Management (48) 577-580
No abstract available. ...
Ecological distribution and crude density of breeding birds on prairie wetlands
Harold A. Kantrud, Robert E. Stewart
1984, Journal of Wildlife Management (48) 426-437
Breeding populations of 28 species of wetland-dwelling birds other than waterfowl (Anatidae) were censused on 1,321 wetlands lying within the prairie pothole region of North Dakota. Ecological distribution and two crude measures of relative density were calculated for the 22 commonest species using eight wetland classes. Semipermanent wetlands supported nearly...
Refuge management analyses: levee alternatives at Clarence Cannon National Wildlife Refuge
Gregor T. Auble, David B. Hamilton, James E. Roelle
1984, Report
This report documents the results of a workshop that examined levee alternatives at Clarence Cannon National Wildlife Refuge. This refuge is located along the Mississippi River, approximately 50 miles north of St. Louis. It was purchased primarily for waterfowl maintenance. A levee providing flood protection from the Mississippi River has...
Cenozoic plate motions and the volcano-tectonic evolution of western Oregon and Washington
Ray E. Wells, David C. Engebretson, P. D. Snavely Jr., R. S. Coe
1984, Tectonics (3) 275-294
A refined northeast Pacific plate-motion model provides a framework for analysis of the Tertiary volcanic and tectonic history of western Oregon and Washington. We examine three possible models for the origin of the allochthonous Paleocene and Eocene oceanic basalt basement of the Coast Range: (1) accretion to the continent of...
Estimating the effect of hunting on annual survival rates of adult mallards
Kenneth P. Burnham, Gary C. White, David R. Anderson
1984, Journal of Wildlife Management (48) 350-361
Management programs for waterfowl populations include rationale for, and establishment of, hunting regulations. These programs rest partially on the results of scientific studies on the effect of harvest rates on annual survival rates. The evidence of this relationship has changed markedly since the mid-1970's, and it is not...
Determining fat digestibility in trout using a metabolic chamber
R.W. Ellis, R. R. Smith
1984, Progressive Fish-Culturist (46) 116-119
Fat digestibilities were determined in rainbow trout utilizing a metabolism chamber. Separate and quantitative fecal extracts were freeze dried and total lipids were extracted. Lipid digestibilities were comparable to those obtained by other methods (85‐91%). This method avoids problems due to leaching and the variable of accelerated passage through the...
Rock avalanches caused by earthquakes: Source characteristics
D. K. Keefer
1984, Science (223) 1288-1290
Study of a worldwide sample of historical earthquakes showed that slopes most susceptible to catastrophic rock avalanches were higher than 150 meters and steeper than 25 degrees. The slopes were undercut by fluvial or glacial erosion, were composed of intensely fractured rock, and exhibited at least one other indicator of...
Geologic framework of nonmarine cretaceous-tertiary boundary sites, Raton Basin, New Mexico and Colorado
C. L. Pillmore, R.H. Tschudy, C. J. Orth, J. S. Gilmore, J.D. Knight
1984, Science (223) 1180-1183
Indium concentrations are anomalously high at the palynological Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary in fluvial sedimentary rocks of the lower part of the Raton Formation at several localities in the Raton Basin of New Mexico and Colorado. The iridium anomaly is associated with a thin bed of kaolinitic claystone in a discontinuous carbonaceous...
Recent studies indicate that major structures in northeastern Nevada and the Golconda thrust in north-central Nevada are of Jurassic or Cretaceous age
Keith B. Ketner
1984, Geology (12) 483-486
Geologic mapping recently completed in four areas of northeastern Nevada indicates that major folds and thrusts are of post-Early Triassic age and probably are Jurassic or Cretaceous. Previously published data for northeastern Nevada lead to, or permit, the same conclusion. Basinal deposits of Early Triassic age in the northern Adobe...
Zinc- and Y-group-bearing senaite from St Peters Dome, and new data on senaite from Dattas, Minas Gerais, Brazil
Eugene E. Foord, William N. Sharp, J.W. Adams
1984, Mineralogical Magazine (48) 97-106
A Zn- and Y-group-bearing senaite, formulated as AM21O38 (Pb0.63Na0.46Ba0.11)Σ1.20(Ti14.64Zn1.74Y‒group REE0.70Mn0.38Nb0.20Sn0.03Zr0.03Th0.02)Σ20.9O38, a member of the crichtonite group, is a newly characterized phase associated with murataite at the St Peters Dome...
Correlation of the middle eocene Kellogg Shale of northern California
John A. Barron, David Bukry, Richard Z. Poore
1984, Micropaleontology (30) 138-170
The Kellogg Shale of northern California has traditionally been considered to be late Eocene in age on the basis of benthic foraminifer, radiolarian, and diatom correlations. The 30-m-thick Kellogg section exposed west of Byron, California, however, contains middle Eocene planktonic foraminifers (Zone P12), coccoliths (Subzones CP13c and CP14a), silicoflagellates (Dictyocha...
Neogene silicoflagellates from Deep Sea Drilling Project Site 543, western tropical Atlantic Ocean
David Bukry
1984, Initial Reports of the D.S.D.P. (78A-78B) 463-468
The upper lower Miocene silicoflagellate assemblage in Core 19 from DSDP Hole 543 in the western Atlantic Ocean contains the greatest concentration (41%) of deflandroid Dictyochapulchella yet observed. The deflandroid morphology in Dictyocha persisted through the Eocene and Oligocene at middle and high latitude, but virtually disappeared in the late...
Cenozoic silicoflagellates from Rockall Plateau, Deep Sea Drilling Project Leg 81
David Bukry
1984, Initial Reports of the D.S.D.P. (81) 547-563
Eocene to Pliocene silicoflagellates from the Rockall Plateau are sparse to moderately abundant and include assem blages at the upper and lower boundaries of the Miocene Series. Relative paleotemperature values for silicoflagellates from the upper Miocene and lower Pliocene at DSDP Hole 552A based on quantitative data are cooler than...
Paleogene paleoceanography of the Arctic Ocean is constrained by the middle or late Eocene age of USGS Core Fl-422: Evidence from silicoflagellates
David Bukry
1984, Geology (12) 199-201
Arctic Ocean Core Fl-422 has been of central importance in Arctic tectonics and paleoceanography because it provides the sole evidence for early Cenozoic marine conditions in the Arctic. The presence of several Eocene and Eocene or Oligocene guide species of silicoflagellates in samples from this core shows that it is...
A seismic refraction survey of the Imperial Valley Region, California
Gary S. Fuis, Walter D. Mooney, J. H. Healy, G. A. McMechan, W. J. Lutter
1984, Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth (89) 1165-1189
The U.S. Geological Survey conducted an extensive seismic refraction survey in the Imperial Valley region of California in 1979. The Imperial Valley is located in the Salton Trough, an active rift between the Pacific and North American plates. Forty shots fired at seven shot points were recorded...
Dynamics of added nitrate and phosphate compared in a northern California woodland stream
Michael J. Sebetich, Vance C. Kennedy, S. Marc Zand, Ronald J. Avanzino, Gary W. Zellweger
1984, Journal of the American Water Resources Association (20) 93-101
Injections of NO3 and PO4 were made during September 1975 into Little Lost Man Creek, a small pristine stream in Redwood National Park, California. Chloride, a conservative constituent, was added in a known ratio to the nutrients. Nutrient loss at a downstream point was calculated using concentration of added Cl as a...
