U. S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY'S RESEARCH PROGRAM IN THE NEWLY PROCLAIMED EXCLUSIVE ECONOMIC ZONE.
Gary Hill
1984, Conference Paper, Technical Papers of the American Congress of Surveying and Mapping
The U. S. Geological Survey (USGS) has been developing a program which would emphasize broad-scale surveys of the continental margin and intensive studies of 'baseline corridors' in various areas of the U. S. EEZ to gather energy and mining information in this new frontier as quickly as possible. Of twelve...
Holocene eruptive activity of El Chichón Volcano, Chiapas, Mexico
Robert I. Tilling, Meyer Rubin, Haraldur Sigurdsson, Steven Carey, Wendell A. Duffield, William I. Rose Jr.
1984, Science (224) 747-749
Geologic and radiometric-age data indicate that El Chichón was frequently and violently active during the Holocene, including eruptive episodes about 600, 1250, and 1700 years ago and several undated, older eruptions. These episodes, involving explosive eruptions of sulfur-rich magma and associated dome-growth processes, were apparently separated by intervals of approximately...
Radon in earth-sheltered structures
E. R. Landa
1984, Underground Space (8) 264-269
Radon concentration in the indoor air of six residential and three non-residential earth-sheltered buildings in eastern Colorado was monitored quarterly over a nine-month period using passive, integrating detectors. Average radon concentrations during the three-month sampling periods ranged from about 1 to 9 pCi/L, although one building, a poorly ventilated storage...
Origin of epigenetic calcite in coal from Antarctica and Ohio based on isotope compositions of oxygen, carbon and strontium
G. Faure, G. Botoman
1984, Chemical Geology (46) 313-324
Isotopic compositions of oxygen, carbon and strontium of calcite cleats in coal seams of southern Victoria Land, Antarctica, and Tuscarawas County, Ohio, contain a record of the conditions a the time of their formation. The Antarctic calcites (?? 18O(SMOW) = +9.14 to +11.82%0) were deposited from waters enriched in 16O...
Hydrogen isotope systematics of submarine basalts
T.K. Kyser, J. R. O’Neil
1984, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta (48) 2123-2133
The D/H ratios and water contents in fresh submarine basalts from the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, the East Pacific Rise, and Hawaii indicate that the primary D/H ratios of many submarine lavas have been altered by processes including (1) outgassing, (2) addition of seawater at magmatic temperature, and (3) low-temperature hydration of...
The heat capacities of osumilite from 298.15 to 1000 K, the thermodynamic properties of two natural chlorites to 500 K, and the thermodynamic properties of petalite to 1800 K.
B. S. Hemingway, R. A. Robie, J.A. Kittrick, E.S. Grew, J.A. Nelen, D. London
1984, American Mineralogist (69) 701-710
Modifications to an automated low-T, adiabatic calorimeter are described. Thermodynamic data obtained with this instrument are reported for minerals from metamorphic terrains. (U.S. Bureau of Mines Report of Investigations 8451)-J.A.Z....
Textural and stable isotope studies of the Big Mike cupriferous volcanogenic massive sulfide deposit, Pershing County, Nevada
R. O. Rye, R. J. Roberts, W.S. Snyder, G.L. Lahusen, J.E. Motica
1984, Economic Geology (79) 124-140
The massive ore contains two major generations of pyrite, a fine and a coarse grained, both of which show a striking variety of textures involving quartz. Framboidal pyrite in the argillite host rock has delta 34 S values of approximately -24 per mil indicating the presence of a euxinic environment. The delta 34 S...
The solubility of strontianite (SrCO3) in CO2-H2O solutions between 2 and 91°C, the association constants of SrHCO+3(aq) and SrCO03(aq) between 5 and 80°C, and an evaluation of the thermodynamic properties of Sr2+(aq) and SrCO3(cr) at 25°C and 1 atm total pressure
Eurybiades Busenberg, Niel Plummer, Vivian B. Parker
1984, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta (48) 2021-2035
Seventy new measurements (SrT-Pco2 of the solubility of strontianite were used to evaluate the equilibrium constant for the reaction SrCO3(cr) = Sr2+(aq) + CO2−3(aq) between 2 and 91 °C. The temperature dependence of the equilibrium constant is given by the expression Log K = 155.0305 − 7239.594/T − 56.58638 log T where T is in degrees Kelvin. The log K of strontianite,...
Isolation of organic acids from large volumes of water by adsorption chromatography
George R. Aiken
1984, Book, National Meeting - American Chemical Society, Division of Environmental Chemistry
The concentrations of dissolved organic carbon from most natural waters ranges from 1 to 20 milligrams carbon per liter, of which approximately 75 percent are organic acids. These acids can be chromatographically fractionated into hydrophobic organic acids, such as humic substances, and hydrophilic organic acids. To effectively study any of...
Propagation and linkage of oceanic ridge segments
David D. Pollard, Atilla Aydin
1984, Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth (89) 10017-10028
We have investigated the propagation of spreading ridges and the development of structures that link ridge segments using an analogy between ridges and cracks in elastic plates. The ridge-propagation force and a path factor that controls propagation direction were calculated for echelon ridge segments propagating toward each other. The ridge-propagation...
San Agustin Plains, New Mexico: Age and paleoenvironmental potential reassessed
Vera Markgraf, J.P. Bradbury, R. M. Forester, G. Singh, R.S. Sternberg
1984, Quaternary Research (22) 336-343
Paleomagnetic analysis of samples from the original 600-m-long core from the San Agustin Plains, New Mexico, showed an unquestionable reversal stratigraphy dating the record back to at least 1.6 my. Analysis of pollen, ostracodes, and algae of a duplicate sample section in the vicinity of the original coring site and...
Comparative geochronology in the reversely zoned plutons of the Bottle Lake Complex, Maine: U-Pb on zircons and Rb-Sr on whole rocks
R. A. Ayuso, Joseph G. Arth, A.K. Sinha, J. Carlson, D. R. Wones
1984, Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology (88) 113-125
The Bottle Lake Complex is a composite granitic batholith emplaced into Cambrian to Lower Devonian metasedimentary rocks. Both plutons (Whitney Cove and Passadumkeag River) are very coarse grained hornblende and biotite-bearing granites showing petrographic and geochemical reverse zonation. Two linear whole rock Rb/Sr isochrons on xenolith-free Whitney Cove and Passadumkeag...
Midseason mapping of sunflowers using Landsat digital data
W.H. Anderson, D.O. Ohlen, S.D. Fairaizl
1984, Journal of Wildlife Management (48) 295-298
The mapping results suggest that for the midsummer Landsat data used, there was not a sufficiently reliable relationship between Landsat-derived spectral clusters and sunflowers to allow 'automated' production of useful sunflower location maps. The occurrence of sunflower pixels in all cluster classes was a consequence of the diversity in sunflower...
Intrinsic oxygen fugacity measurements on seven chondrites, a pallasite, and a tektite and the redox state of meteorite parent bodies
R. Brett, M. Sato
1984, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta (48) 111-120
Intrinsic oxygen-fugacity (fO2) measurements were made on five ordinary chondrites, a carbonaceous chondrite, an enstatite chondrite, a pallasite, and a tektite. Results are of the form of linear log fO2−1T">fO2−1T plots. Except for the enstatite chondrite, measured results agree well with calculated estimates by others.The tektite...
Bedding types in Holocene tidal channel sequences, Knik Arm, Upper Cook Inlet, Alaska
S. Bartsch-Winkler, H. R. Schmoll
1984, Journal of Sedimentary Petrology (54) 1239-1250
Uplifted convoluted and horizontal to subhorizontal beds of varying thickness in intertidal silt as old as 3,280 + or - 90 yr B.P. are exposed in the banks of tidal channels of unknown depth in the intertidal zone in Knik Arm of Upper...
Geology of El Chichon volcano, Chiapas, Mexico
W. A. Duffield, R.I. Tilling, R. Canul
1984, Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research (20) 117-132
The (pre-1982) 850-m-high andesitic stratovolcano El Chicho??n, active during Pleistocene and Holocene time, is located in rugged, densely forested terrain in northcentral Chiapas, Me??xico. The nearest neighboring Holocene volcanoes are 275 km and 200 km to the southeast and northwest, respectively. El Chicho??n is built on Tertiary siltstone and sandstone,...
The group separation of the rare-earth elements and yttrium from geologic materials by cation-exchange chromatography
J.G. Crock, F.E. Lichte, T.R. Wildeman
1984, Chemical Geology (45) 149-163
Demand is increasing for the determination of the rare-earth elements (REE) and yttrium in geologic materials. Due to their low natural abundance in many materials and the interferences that occur in many methods of determination, a separation procedure utilizing gradient strong-acid cation-exchange chromatography is often used to preconcentrate and isolate...
Chemical determination of particulate nitrogen in San Francisco Bay. A comparison of two estimates
S.W. Hager, D.D. Harmon
1984, Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science (19) 181-191
Particulate nitrogen was measured by both the ultra-violet light-catalyzed peroxide method and the high temperature combustion method. The difference between values obtained with the two methods (combustion minus UV) was found to be linearly correlated with the concentration of total suspended particulate matter (SPM) in the sample. The slope of...
Heating of a fully saturated Darcian half-space: Pressure generation, fluid expulsion, and phase change
P. Delaney
1984, International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer (27) 1327-1335
Analytical solutions are developed for the pressurization, expansion, and flow of one- and two-phase liquids during heating of fully saturated and hydraulically open Darcian half-spaces subjected to a step rise in temperature at its surface. For silicate materials, advective transfer is commonly unimportant in the liquid region; this is not...
Botanical and geological significance of potassium-argon dates from the Juan Fernández Islands
Tod F. Stuessy, K.A. Foland, John F. Sutter, Roger W. Sanders, O. Mario Silva
1984, Science (225) 49-51
Potassium-argon dating of five basalts from the three main islands of the Juan Fernández (or Robinson Crusoe) Islands of Chile in the southeastern Pacific gives ages of 1.01 ± 0.12 and 2.44 ± 0.14 million years for Masafuera, 3.79 ± 0.20 and 4.23 ± 0.16 for Masatierra, and 5.8 ±...
Glacier mass balance and runoff research in the U.S.A.
L.R. Mayo
1984, Geografiska Annaler, Series A (66 A) 215-227
Research on glacier mass balance began in the U.S.A. about 50 years ago. More complete studies of climate, snow and ice balance, and the hydrology of glaciers were initiated for the IGY in 1957 and the IHD in 1966. Investigations included the magnitude and geographic distribution of normal...
Calculations of seabird population recovery from potential oilspills in the mid-Atlantic region of the United States
William B. Samuels, A. Ladino
1984, Ecological Modelling (21) 63-84
Calculations were made of herring gull and common tern population recovery from potential oilspill damage in the U.S. mid-Atlantic Outer Continental Shelf (OCS) oil leasing area. Population recovery was examined using a density-dependent age-specific life history table for each species. Both a deterministic and a stochastic approach were used in...
Use of dissolved oxygen modeling results in the management of river quality
D. A. Rickert
1984, Journal of the Water Pollution Control Federation (56) 94-101
In 1973, the U.S. Geological Survey initiated a study of the Willamette River, Oregon, to determine the major causes of dissolved oxygen (DO) depletion, and whether advanced treatment of municipal wastewaters was needed to achieve the DO standards. The study showed that rates of carbonaceous decay were low (kr =...
EVALUATION OF LOW-SUN ILLUMINATED LANDSAT-4 THEMATIC MAPPER DATA FOR MAPPING HYDROTHERMALLY ALTERED ROCKS IN SOUTHERN NEVADA.
Melvin H. Podwysocki, Marty S. Power, Jack Salisbury, O. D. Jones
1984, Conference Paper
Landsat-4 Thematic Mapper (TM) data of southern Nevada collected under conditions of low-angle solar illumination were digitally processed to identify hydroxyl-bearing minerals commonly associated with hydrothermal alteration in volcanic terrains. Digital masking procedures were used to exclude shadow areas and vegetation and thus to produce a CRC image suitable for...
Pegmatite/wallrock interactions, Black Hills, South Dakota: Progressive boron metasomatism adjacent to the Tip Top pegmatite
C.K. Shearer, J. J. Papike, S.B. Simon, J.C. Laul, R.P. Christian
1984, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta (48) 2563-2579
Interaction between country rock and fluids derived from the Tip Top pegmatite has resulted in a series of boron enriched assemblages. Between unaltered quartz-mica schist to the pegmatite contact is a succession of four mineral assemblages:1.(1) Quartz-Biotite-Potassium Feldspar assemblage (Q-B-K), which consists essentially of the original metamorphic...
