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A two-dimensional, finite-difference model is used to simulate transient flow conditions in a glacial outwash aquifer in southern Franklin County, Ohio. The model was calibrated by matching observed and simulated water-level changes for December 1977 through March 1980. Drawdowns for three different hypothetical pumping rates are simulated with the calibrated...

The base flow component of streamflow was separated from hydrographs for unregulated streams in the Cretaceous and Tertiary clastic outcrop area of South Carolina, Georgia, Alabama, and Mississippi. The base flow values are used in estimating recharge to the sand aquifer. Relations developed between mean annual base flow and stream...

The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers is studying the adequacy of the existing ground-water supplies of North Fort Hood, located in Coryell County in central Texas and an important part of the U.S. Army's Fort Hood Military Reservation. The U.S. Geological Survey was requested to compile the available ground-water data,...

Equations for estimating mean annual runoff and peak discharge from measurements of channel geometry were developed for western and northeastern Montana. The study area was divided into two regions for the mean annual runoff analysis, and separate multiple-regression equations were developed for each region. The active-channel width was determined to...

Equations for estimating 2-, 5-, 10-, 25-, 50-, and 100-year peak discharges and flood depths at ungaged sites in Utah were developed using multiple-regression techniques. Ratios of 500- to 100-year values also were determined. The peak discharge equations are applicable to unregulated streams and the flood depth equations are applicable...

Water-quality data were collected from 92 wells in the western Snake River basin, Swan Falls to Glenns Ferry, Idaho. Current data were compiled with pre-1980 data from 116 wells to define water-quality conditions in major aquifers. Factors affecting water quality are composition of aquifer materials, water temperature, and source of...

Water quality and streamflow in the Russian River basin during low-flow seasons (May to October), were studied for water years 1973-78 to document water-quality and streamflow conditions in the basin, and to determine the extent and cause of any water-quality impairment. The most important factors affecting surface-water quality and streamflow...

The U.S. Geological Survey maintains a quality-assurance program based on the analysis of reference samples for its two water-analysis laboratories located in Atlanta, Georgia, and Denver, Colorado. Reference samples containing inorganic constituents are prepared at the U.S. Geological Survey 's Ocala , Florida, office and disguised as routine samples, and...

The U.S. Geological Survey maintains a quality-assurance program based on the analysis of reference samples for its two water-analysis laboratories located in Atlanta, Georgia and Denver, Colorado. Reference containing inorganic constituents are prepared at the U.S. Geological Survey 's Ocala, Florida, office and disguised as routine samples, and sent daily...

The debris avalanche accompanying the May 18, 1980, eruption of Mount St. Helens, in southwestern Washington, buried the former outlet of Spirit Lake, located 5 miles north of the volcano, to a depth ranging to 500 feet. Since that time, Spirit Lake has had no natural outlet and its lake...

Water-level declines of at least 15 feet have occurred in this heavily irrigated area of central Nebraska since the 1930's, and potential for additonal declines is high. To test the effects of additional irrigation development on water levels and streamflow , computer programs were developed that represent the surface-water system,...

Inclined gravity lysimeters as deep as 5.39 meters below land surface designed for sampling soil water in coarse sand under continuous ponding conditions, were shown to be capable of collecting 10 liters per hour at an infiltration rate of 0.5 meter per hour. This represents a capture efficiency of approximately...

A sand and gravel aquifer of glacial origin underlies Wurtsmith Air Force Base in northeastern lower Michigan. The aquifer overlies a thick clay layer at an average depth of 65 feet. The water table is about 10 feet below land surface in the western part of the Base and about...

Identifying cumulative effects of coal mining on dissolved solids downstream from multipe coal-mining operations is particularly important in western basins. The problem of identifying cumulative effects is evident in the Trout Creek drainage, a tributary to the Yampa River in northwestern Colorado, where a number of mines are active and...

The Tulare Formation and other continental deposits of Pliocene to Holocene age crop out over most of the area near Kettleman City in the San Joaquin Valley of California. The deposits range in thickness from 0 to more than 4,000 feet and overlie the upper Mya zone of the San...

Flow-stratification patterns were observed in Gulf Island Pond during time-of-travel studies in May and August 1980. The stratification patterns in this 70 million cubic-meter impoundment were due to a temperature differences between inflowing water and reservoir water. Separation was observed at temperature differences of 0.5 degrees C in May 1980...

Channel modifications in Tennessee, particularly in the western part, have led to large-scale instabilities in the channelized rivers and may have contributed to several bridge failures. These modifications, together with land-use practices, led to downcutting, headward erosion, downstream aggradation, accelerated scour, and bank instabilities. Changes in gradient by channel straightening...

Two wells were constructed near Waycross, Ware County, Georgia, from July 1980 to May 1981 to collect stratigraphic, structural, geophysical, hydrologic, hydraulic, and geochemical information for the U.S. Geological Survey Tertiary Limestone Regional Aquifer-System Analysis. Data collection included geologic sampling and coring, borehole geophysical logging, packer testing, water-level measuring, water-quality...

This study evaluates the quality and quantity of water available on the Pueblo of Laguna, New Mexico. Groundwater for public supply occurs in the valley fill along the Rio San Jose, in the Paguate and Encinal areas, and possibly in the northern part of the Sedillo Grant. The valley fill...

The Wilcox Group of Paleocene-Eocence age and the Carrizo Sand of Eocene age compose the Wilcox-Carrizo aquifer. Results of 25 aquifer tests and permeability determinations from 43 sidewall cores show that the hydraulic characteristics of the aquifer are variable. Studies of the Carrizo showed that hydraulic conductivity increased as sand-bed...