Geology and biology of Oceanographer submarine canyon.
P. C. Valentine, J. R. Uzmann, R.A. Cooper
1980, Marine Geology (38) 283-312
Santonian beds more than 100 m thick are the oldest rocks collected from the canyon. Quaternary silty clay veneers the canyon walls in many places and is commonly burrowed by benthic organisms that cause extensive erosion of the canyon walls, especially in the depth zone (100-1300 m) inhabited by the...
Faulting caused by groundwater level declines, San Joaquin Valley, California
Thomas L. Holzer
1980, Water Resources Research (16) 1065-1070
Approximately 230 mm of aseismic vertical offset of the land surface across the Pond-Poso Creek fault in the San Joaquin Valley, California, probably is related to groundwater withdrawal for crop irrigation. The scarp is approximately 3.4 km long and occurs in an area where the land subsided more than 1.5...
(π−1) → (π−1), (π−1) emission spectra of chlorofluorobenzene cations in the gaseous phase and their lifetimes in the (0o) states
John Paul Maier, O. Marthaler, Manijeh Mohraz, R.H. Shiley
1980, Chemical Physics (47) 295-305
The radiative decay of seventeen electronically excited chlorofluorobenzene cations in the gaseous phase has been detected. The reported emission spectra, which have been obtained using low energy electron beam excitation, are assigned to the B(??-1 ??? X(??-1 electronic transitions of these cations on the basis of their Ne(I) photoelectron spectra....
Scaling variables and interpretation of eigenvalues in principal component analysis of geologic data
A.T. Miesch
1980, Journal of the International Association for Mathematical Geology (12) 523-538
The dominant feature distinguishing one method of principal components analysis from another is the manner in which the original data are transformed prior to the other computations. The only other distinguishing feature of any importance is whether the eigenvectors of the inner product-moment of the transformed data matrix are taken...
Origin of gasoline-range hydrocarbons and their migration by solution in carbon dioxide in Norton basin, Alaska.
Keith A. Kvenvolden, George E. Claypool
1980, American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin (64) 1078-1086
Carbon dioxide from a submarine seep in Norton Sound, Alaska, carries a minor component of gas- and gasoline-range hydrocarbons. The molecular and isotopic compositions of the hydrocarbon gases and the presence of gasoline-range hydrocarbons indicate that these molecules are derived from thermal alteration of marine and/or nonmarine organic matter buried...
Regional tilt patterns of Late Cenozoic basin-range fault blocks, western United States.
John H. Stewart
1980, Geological Society of America Bulletin (91) 460-464
The pattern of tilt domains is characterized by transverse zones or boundaries, parallel to the extension direction, and by antiformal (tilts away from) and synformal (tilts toward) boundaries at right angles to the extension direction. Tilting of ranges averages about 15o to 20o in Nevada and Utah and indicates extension...
Volcanic rocks cored on hess rise, Western Pacific Ocean
T.L. Vallier, K.E. Windom, K.E. Seifert, Jorn Thiede
1980, Nature (286) 48-50
Large aseismic rises and plateaus in the western Pacific include the Ontong-Java Plateau, Magellan Rise, Shatsky Rise, Mid-Pacific Mountains, and Hess Rise. These are relatively old features that rise above surrounding sea floors as bathymetric highs. Thick sequences of carbonate sediments overlie, what are believed to be, Upper Jurassic and...
A generalized garnet-forming reaction for metaigneous rocks in the Adirondacks
J. M. McLelland, P.R. Whitney
1980, Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology (72) 111-122
A generalized reaction is presented to account for garnet formation in a variety of Adirondack metaigneous rocks. This reaction, which is the sum of five partial reactions written in aluminum-fixed frames of reference, is given by: 4(y+1+w)Anorthite+4 k(y+1+2 w)Olivine +4(1-k)(y+1+2 w)Fe-oxide+(8(y+1) -4 k(y+1+2 w))Orthopyroxene = 2(y+1)Garnet +2(y+1+2 w)Clinopyroxene+4 wSpinel where...
Gas and hydrogen isotopic analyses of volcanic eruption clouds in Guatemala sampled by aircraft
W.I. Rose Jr., R.D. Cadle, L.E. Heidt, I. Friedman, A.L. Lazrus, B.J. Huebert
1980, Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research (7) 1-10
Gas samples were collected by aircraft entering volcanic eruption clouds of three Guatemalan volcanoes. Gas chromatographic analyses show higher H2 and S gas contents in ash eruption clouds and lower H2 and S gases in vaporous gas plumes. H isotopic data demonstrate lighter isotopic distribution of water vapor in ash...
Discrim: a computer program using an interactive approach to dissect a mixture of normal or lognormal distributions
N.J. Bridges, R.B. McCammon
1980, Computers & Geosciences (6) 361-396
DISCRIM is an interactive computer graphics program that dissects mixtures of normal or lognormal distributions. The program was written in an effort to obtain a more satisfactory solution to the dissection problem than that offered by a graphical or numerical approach alone. It combines graphic and analytic techniques using a...
Computational methods for inverse problems in geophysics: Inversion of travel time observations
V. Pereyra, H.B. Keller, W.H.K. Lee
1980, Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors (21) 120-125
General ways of solving various inverse problems are studied for given travel time observations between sources and receivers. These problems are separated into three components: (a) the representation of the unknown quantities appearing in the model; (b) the nonlinear least-squares problem; (c) the direct, two-point ray-tracing problem used to compute...
Rate of mercury loss from contaminated estuarine sediments
Michael H. Bothner, R.A. Jahnke, M. L. Peterson, R. Carpenter
1980, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta (44) 273-285
The concentration of mercury in contaminated estuarine sediments of Bellingham Bay, Washington was found to decrease with a half-time of about 1.3 yr after the primary anthropogenic source of mercury was removed. In situ measurements of the mercury flux from sediments, in both dissolved and volatile forms, could not account...
Multiple ice flow directions during the Fraser Glaciation in the lower Skagit River drainage, northern Cascade Range, Washington
Paul L. Heller
1980, Arctic and Alpine Research (12) 299-308
Stratigraphic mapping and pebble-count data suggest that ice flowed in three different directions in the lower Skagit drainage of the northern Cascade Range during the Fraser Glaciation (∼ 10K to 20K BP). Glacier reconstructions suggest that till exposed at one site in the lower Skagit Valley was deposited by a...
Stable isotope variations in the Quaternary epithermal calcite-fluorite deposit at Monte delle Fate near Cerveteri (Latium, central Italy)
U. Masi, J. R. O’Neil
1980, Mineralium Deposita (15) 41-45
Carbon, oxygen and hydrogen isotope variations have been measured in samples from the epithermal fluorite vein deposit at Monte delle Fate, Latium. The ranges in ?? 13C and ??18O of calcite are -1.3 to 3.4 and 9.5 to 17.3, respectively. ??D values of water extracted from fluid inclusions are -49...
Results and assessment of uranium series dating of vertebrate fossils from Quaternary alluvium in Colorado
Barney J. Szabo
1980, Arctic and Alpine Research (11) 95-100
An average uranium-series age of 102,000 ± 14,000 yr for bones from Louviers Alluvium, near Denver, Colorado, is compatible with the inferred geologic age of from 120,000 to 150,000 yr. A uranium-series date of about 190,000 yr for a bone from Slocum Alluvium, near Canon City, Colorado, is consistent with...
Small impact craters in the lunar regolith - Their morphologies, relative ages, and rates of formation
H. J. Moore, J. M. Boyce, D.A. Hahn
1980, The Moon and the Planets (23) 231-252
Apparently, there are two types of size-frequency distributions of small lunar craters (???1-100 m across): (1) crater production distributions for which the cumulative frequency of craters is an inverse function of diameter to power near 2.8, and (2) steady-state distributions for which the cumulative frequency of craters is inversely proportional...
Influence of San Gabriel submarine canyon on narrow-shelf sediment dynamics, southern California
Herman A. Karl
1980, Marine Geology (34) 61-78
Variations in the concentration of total suspended particulate matter (TSM) collected 1 m above bottom, changes in vertical profiles of light transmission, and substrate textural patterns reveal a corridor for preferential sediment transport on San Pedro continental shelf, California. During the winter, this corridor, designated the preferential transport corridor (PTC),...
Growth rates of manganese nodules in Oneida Lake, New York
W.S. Moore, W.E. Dean, S. Krishnaswami, D.V. Borole
1980, Earth and Planetary Science Letters (46) 191-200
226Ra is used to document the growth histories of six manganese nodules from Oneida Lake, New York. Detailed sectioning and analysis reveal that there are discontinuous gradients in226Ra content in these samples. These gradients result from periods of rapid growth (>1...
Paleoenvironment of the New Albany Shale Group ( Devonian- Mississippian) of Illinois
R.M. Cluff
1980, Journal of Sedimentary Petrology (50) 767-780
The distribution of lithofacies in the New Albany Shale Group of Illinois was determined by wave energy, bottom oxygenation, and bottom topography in a deep water stratified anoxic basin. A transect from the margin to the center of the Illinois Basin reveals a...
High-sensitivity aeromagnetic survey of the U.S. Atlantic continental margin
John C. Behrendt, Kim D. Klitgord
1980, Geophysics (45) 1813-1846
The U.S. Geological Survey contracted a high-sensitivity, digital aeromagnetic survey that was flown over the U.S. Atlantic continental margin over a period of 15 months between 1974 and 1976. The 185,000 km of profile data have a relative accuracy approaching a few tenths of a nanotesla, which allowed compilation into...
Remote sensing of snow and ice
M. F. Meier
1980, Hydrological Sciences Bulletin (25) 307-330
Monitoring of snow and ice on the Earth's surface will require increasing use of satellite remote sensing techniques. These techniques are evolving rapidly. Active and passive sensors operating in the visible, near infrared, thermal infrared, and microwave wavelengths are described in regard to general applications and in regard to specific...
Ice-sheet glaciation of the Puget lowland, Washington, during the Vashon Stade (late Pleistocene)
R.M. Thorson
1980, Quaternary Research (13) 303-321
During the Vashon Stade of the Fraser Glaciation, about 15,000–13,000 yr B.P., a lobe of the Cordilleran Ice Sheet occupied the Puget lowland of western Washington. At its maximum extent about 14,000 yr ago, the ice sheet extended across the Puget lowland between the Cascade Range and Olympic Mountains and...
Records of ground-water recharge and discharge, 1934-78; water levels, 1975-78; and chemical quality of water, 1977-78, for the Edwards aquifer in the San Antonio area, Texas
R.D. Reeves, R.W. Maclay, M.F. Davis
1980, Edwards Underground Water District Bulletin 38
No abstract available....
Calculation of estuarine residual currents using the finite element method
R. A. Walters, R. T. Cheng
1980, Conference Paper, Third International Conference on Finite Elements in Flow Problems
No abstract available....
Seismic hazard study of the western portion of the Garlock fault [California]
J.C. Stepp, John LaViolette, Gary Christenson
1980, Open-File Report 80-1172
Investigations of the western segment of the Garlock fault were conducted at Castac Lake, Twin Lakes and Oak Creek Canyon. Studies were concentrated on the youngest fault trace as delineated by Clark (1973). Seismic refraction surveys, topographic surveys and geologic mapping provided positive evidence for fault offsets in Quaternary deposits...
