Recreation impacts to cliff resources in the Potomac Gorge: Final report, June 2011
Jeffrey L. Marion, C. Carr, C.A. Davis
2011, Report
Managers of the National Park Service (NPS) are directed by law to accommodate appropriate types and amounts of visitation while ensuring that: any adverse impacts are the minimum necessary, unavoidable, cannot be further mitigated, and do not constitute impairment or derogation of park resources and values. (NPS 2006). The increasing...
Recovery of coded wire tags at a caspian tern colony in San Francisco Bay: A technique to evaluate impacts of avian predation on juvenile salmonids
A.F. Evans, D.D. Roby, K. Collis, B.M. Cramer, J.A. Sheggeby, L.J. Adrean, D.S. Battaglia, Donald E. Lyons
2011, North American Journal of Fisheries Management (31) 79-87
We recovered coded wire tags (CWTs) from a colony of Caspian terns Hydroprogne caspia on Brooks Island in San Francisco Bay, California, to evaluate predation on juvenile salmonids originating from the Sacramento and San Joaquin rivers. Subsamples of colony substrate representing 11.7% of the nesting habitat used by the terns...
Formal and informal trail monitoring protocols and baseline conditions: Great Falls Park and Potomac Gorge. Final research report
Jeremy Wimpey, Jeffrey L. Marion
2011, Report
This report presents the results of research on the conditions of formal and informal (visitorcreated) trails conducted within the Great Falls Park (GFP) portion of George Washington Memorial Parkway (GWMP), Virginia, and the adjacent Maryland portions of the C&O Canal National Historical Park (CHOH). This research was prompted primarily by...
Effects of fringing reefs on tsunami inundation: American Samoa
G. Gelfenbaum, A. Apotsos, A.W. Stevens, B. Jaffe
2011, Earth-Science Reviews (107) 12-22
A numerical model of tsunami inundation, Delft3D, which has been validated for the 29 September 2009 tsunami in Tutuila, American Samoa, is used to better understand the impact of fringing coral reefs and embayments on tsunami wave heights, inundation distances, and velocities. The inundation model is used to explore the...
Science as a fundamental framework for shaping policy discussions regarding the use of groundwater in the State of Michigan: A case study
A.D. Steinman, J.R. Nicholas, P.W. Seelbach, J.W. Allan, F. Ruswick
2011, Water Policy (13) 69-86
The availability and use of freshwater is a growing concern in the United States and around the globe. Despite apparently abundant water resources, several conflicts over water use have emerged in the Great Lakes region and the State of Michigan. These conflicts resulted in state legislation that both addresses water...
Barrier island response to late Holocene climate events, North Carolina, USA
D. J. Mallinson, C. W. Smith, S. Mahan, S.J. Culver, K. McDowell
2011, Quaternary Research (76) 46-57
The Outer Banks barrier islands of North Carolina, USA, contain a geologic record of inlet activity that extends from ca. 2200 cal yr BP to the present, and can be used as a proxy for storm activity. Optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dating (26 samples) of inlet-fill and flood tide delta...
Sea-level history of the past two interglacial periods: New evidence from U-series dating of reef corals from south Florida
Daniel R. Muhs, Kathleen Simmons, R. Randall Schumann, R. B. Halley
2011, Quaternary Science Reviews (30) 570-590
As a future warm-climate analog, much attention has been directed to studies of the Last Interglacial period or marine isotope substage (MIS) 5.5, which occurred ∼120,000 years ago. Nevertheless, there are still uncertainties with respect to its duration, warmth and magnitude of sea-level rise. Here we present new data from...
Modern thermokarst lake dynamics in the continuous permafrost zone, northern Seward Peninsula, Alaska
Benjamin M. Jones, G. Grosse, C.D. Arp, M.C. Jones, Anthony K.M. Walter, V.E. Romanovsky
2011, Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences (116)
Quantifying changes in thermokarst lake extent is of importance for understanding the permafrost-related carbon budget, including the potential release of carbon via lake expansion or sequestration as peat in drained lake basins. We used high spatial resolution remotely sensed imagery from 1950/51, 1978, and 2006/07 to quantify changes in thermokarst...
Field tracer investigation of unsaturated zone flow paths and mechanisms in agricultural soils of northwestern Mississippi, USA
K. S. Perkins, J. R. Nimmo, C.E. Rose, R.H. Coupe
2011, Journal of Hydrology (396) 1-11
In many farmed areas, intensive application of agricultural chemicals and withdrawal of groundwater for irrigation have led to water quality and supply issues. Unsaturated-zone processes, including preferential flow, play a major role in these effects but are not well understood. In the Bogue Phalia basin, an intensely agricultural area in...
A complex relationship between calving glaciers and climate
A. Post, Shad O’Neel, R.J. Motyka, G. Streveler
2011, Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union (92) 305-307
Many terrestrial glaciers are sensitive indicators of past and present climate change as atmospheric temperature and snowfall modulate glacier volume. However, climate interpretations based on glacier behavior require careful selection of representative glaciers, as was recently pointed out for surging and debris-covered glaciers, whose behavior often defies regional glacier response...
Effects of the antimicrobial sulfamethoxazole on groundwater bacterial enrichment
Jennifer C. Underwood, Ronald W. Harvey, David W. Metge, Deborah A. Repert, Laura K. Baumgartner, Richard L. Smith, Timberly M. Roane, Larry B. Barber
2011, Environmental Science & Technology (45) 3096-3101
The effects of “trace” (environmentally relevant) concentrations of the antimicrobial agent sulfamethoxazole (SMX) on the growth, nitrate reduction activity, and bacterial composition of an enrichment culture prepared with groundwater from a pristine zone of a sandy drinking-water aquifer on Cape Cod, MA, were assessed by laboratory incubations. When the enrichments...
Fluorescent microspheres as surrogates in evaluating the efficacy of riverbank filtration for removing Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts and other pathogens
Ronald W. Harvey, David W. Metge, Rodney A. Sheets, Jay Jasperse
2011, Book chapter, Riverbank filtration for water security in desert countries. NATO Science for Peace and Security Series C: Environmental Security
A major benefit of riverbank filtration (RBF) is that it provides a relatively effective means for pathogen removal. There is a need to conduct more injection-and-recovery transport studies at operating RBF sites in order to properly assess the combined effects of the site heterogeneities and ambient physicochemical conditions, which are...
Characterizing fragmentation of the collective forests in southern China from multitemporal Landsat imagery: A case study from Kecheng district of Zhejiang province
M. Li, Z. Zhu, James E. Vogelmann, D. Xu, W. Wen, A. Liu
2011, Applied Geography (31) 1026-1035
Tropical and subtropical forests provide important ecosystem goods and services including carbon sequestration and biodiversity conservation. These forests are facing increasing socioeconomic pressures and are rapidly being degraded and fragmented. This analysis focuses on the rate of change and patterns of fragmentation in a collective forest area in Zhejiang province,...
Volcanism on Io: New insights from global geologic mapping
David A. Williams, Laszlo P. Keszthelyi, David A. Crown, Jessica A. Yff, Windy L. Jaeger, Paul M. Schenk, Paul E. Geissler, Tammy L. Becker
2011, Icarus (214) 91-112
We produced the first complete, 1:15 M-scale global geologic map of Jupiter’s moon Io, based on a set of monochrome and color Galileo–Voyager image mosaics produced at a spatial resolution of 1 km/pixel. The surface of Io was mapped into 19 units based on albedo, color and surface morphology, and is subdivided as follows:...
Tremor reveals stress shadowing, deep postseismic creep, and depth-dependent slip recurrence on the lower-crustal San Andreas fault near Parkfield
David R. Shelly, Kaj M. Johnson
2011, Geophysical Research Letters (38) L13312
The 2003 magnitude 6.5 San Simeon and the 2004 magnitude 6.0 Parkfield earthquakes induced small, but significant, static stress changes in the lower crust on the central San Andreas fault, where recently detected tectonic tremor sources provide new constraints on deep fault creep processes. We find that these earthquakes affect...
Hillslope response to knickpoint migration in the Southern Appalachians: Implications for the evolution of post-orogenic landscapes
S.F.G. Wegmann, K.L. Franke, S. Hughes, R.Q. Lewis, N. Lyons, P. Paris, K. Ross, J.B. Bauer, A.C. Witt
2011, Earth Surface Processes and Landforms (36) 1254-1267
The southern Appalachians represent a landscape characterized by locally high topographic relief, steep slopes, and frequent mass movement in the absence of significant tectonic forcing for at least the last 200 Ma. The fundamental processes responsible for landscape evolution in a post‐orogenic landscape remain enigmatic. The non‐glaciated Cullasaja River basin of...
Historical influence of soil and water management on sediment and carbon budgets in the United States
E.T. Sundquist, K.V. Ackerman, R.F. Stallard, N.B. Bliss
2011, Applied Geochemistry (26)
[No abstract available]...
Setting limits: Using air pollution thresholds to protect and restore U.S. ecosystems
M.E. Fenn, K.F. Lambert, T.F. Blett, Douglas A. Burns, L.H. Pardo, Gary M. Lovett, R. A. Haeuber, D.C. Evers, C. T. Driscoll, D.S. Jeffries
2011, Issues in Ecology
More than four decades of research provide unequivocal evidence that sulfur, nitrogen, and mercury pollution have altered, and will continue to alter, our nation's lands and waters. The emission and deposition of air pollutants harm native plants and animals, degrade water quality, affect forest productivity, and are damaging to human...
Introduction
W. Nelson Beyer, James P. Meador
W. Nelson Beyer, James P. Meador, editor(s)
2011, Book chapter, Environmental contaminants in biota: Interpreting tissue concentrations, Second Edition
Ecotoxicology is the study of the movement of environmental contaminants through ecosystems and their effects on plants and animals. Examining tissue residues of these contaminants in biota is basic to ecotoxicology, both for understanding the movement of contaminants within organisms and through food chains, and for understanding and quantifying injuries...
A simple graphical approach to quantitative monitoring of rangelands
C. Riginos, J. E. Herrick, S.R. Sundaresan, C. Farley, J. Belnap
2011, Rangelands (33) 6-13
The article reviews graphical interpretation of the four monitoring methods that can be used to generate a variety of indicators of rangeland ecosystem function. Data for all four of the monitoring methods can be recorded on a single data sheet that is designed to be usable by somebody with minimal...
Changes in agricultural cropland areas between a water-surplus year and a water-deficit year impacting food security, determined using MODIS 250 m time-series data and spectral matching techniques, in the Krishna river basin (India)
Murali Krishna Gumma, Prasad S. Thenkabail, I.V. Muralikrishna, Naga Manohar Velpuri, P.T. Gangadhararao, V. Dheeravath, C.M. Biradar, S.A. Nalan, A. Gaur
2011, International Journal of Remote Sensing (32) 3495-3520
The objective of this study was to investigate the changes in cropland areas as a result of water availability using Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) 250 m time-series data and spectral matching techniques (SMTs). The study was conducted in the Krishna River basin in India, a very large river basin...
The geochemistry and petrogenesis of the Paleoproterozoic Green Mountain arc: A composite(?), bimodal, oceanic, fringing arc
D.S. Jones, C. G. Barnes, Wayne R. Premo, A.W. Snoke
2011, Precambrian Research (185) 231-249
The inferred subduction affinity of the ∼1780-Ma Green Mountain arc, a dominantly bimodal igneous terrane (together with immature marine and volcaniclastic sedimentary rocks) accreted to the southern margin of the Wyoming province, is integral to arc-accretion models of the Paleoproterozoic growth of southern Laurentia. Conversely, the dominantly bimodal nature...
A decision-analytic approach to the optimal allocation of resources for endangered species consultation
Sarah J. Converse, Kevin J. Shelley, Steve Morey, Jeffrey Chan, Andrea LaTier, Carolyn Scafidi, Deborah T. Crouse, Michael C. Runge
2011, Biological Conservation (144) 319-329
The resources available to support conservation work, whether time or money, are limited. Decision makers need methods to help them identify the optimal allocation of limited resources to meet conservation goals, and decision analysis is uniquely suited to assist with the development of such methods. In recent years, a number...
Rising sea level may cause decline of fringing coral reefs
Michael E. Field, Andrea S. Ogston, Curt D. Storlazzi
2011, Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union (92) 273-274
Coral reefs are major marine ecosystems and critical resources for marine diversity and fisheries. These ecosystems are widely recognized to be at risk from a number of stressors, and added to those in the past several decades is climate change due to anthropogenically driven increases in atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse...
High-precision measurement of variations in calcium isotope ratios in urine by multiple collector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry
J.L.L. Morgan, G.W. Gordon, R.C. Arrua, J.L. Skulan, A.D. Anbar, T.D. Bullen
2011, Analytical Chemistry (83) 6956-6962
We describe a new chemical separation method to isolate Ca from other matrix elements in biological samples, developed with the long-term goal of making high-precision measurement of natural stable Ca isotope variations a clinically applicable tool to assess bone mineral balance. A new two-column procedure utilizing HBr achieves the purity...
