Integument coloration signals reproductive success, heterozygosity, and antioxidant levels in chick-rearing black-legged kittiwakes
S. Leclaire, J. White, E. Arnoux, B. Faivre, N. Vetter, Scott A. Hatch, E. Danchin
2011, Die Naturwissenschaften (98) 773-782
Carotenoid pigments are important for immunity and as antioxidants, and carotenoid-based colors are believed to provide honest signals of individual quality. Other colorless but more efficient antioxidants such as vitamins A and E may protect carotenoids from bleaching. Carotenoid-based colors have thus recently been suggested to reflect the concentration of...
Implications of chronic wasting disease, cougar predation, and reduced recruitment for elk management
G.A. Sargeant, D.C. Weber, D.E. Roddy
2011, Journal of Wildlife Management (75) 171-177
Emerging diseases and expanding carnivore populations may have profound implications for ungulate harvest management and population regulation. To better understand effects of chronic wasting disease (CWD) and cougar (Puma concolor) predation, we studied mortality and recruitment of elk (Cervus elaphus) at Wind Cave National Park (WICA) during 2005-2009. We marked...
Survival of European mouflon (Artiodactyla: Bovidae) in Hawai'i based on tooth cementum lines
S.C. Hess, R.M. Stephens, T.L. Thompson, R.M. Danner, B. Kawakami Jr.
2011, Pacific Science (65) 59-67
Reliable techniques for estimating age of ungulates are necessary to determine population parameters such as age structure and survival. Techniques that rely on dentition, horn, and facial patterns have limited utility for European mouflon sheep (Ovis gmelini musimon), but tooth cementum lines may offer a useful alternative. Cementum lines may...
Implementation and modification of a three-dimensional radiation stress formulation for surf zone and rip-current applications
N. Kumar, G. Voulgaris, John C. Warner
2011, Coastal Engineering (58) 1097-1117
Regional Ocean Modeling System (ROMS v 3.0), a three-dimensional numerical ocean model, was previously enhanced for shallow water applications by including wave-induced radiation stress forcing provided through coupling to wave propagation models (SWAN, REF/DIF). This enhancement made it suitable for surf zone applications as demonstrated using examples of obliquely incident...
Past and ongoing shifts in Joshua tree distribution support future modeled range contraction
Kenneth L. Cole, Kirsten Ironside, Jon K. Eischeid, Gregg Garfin, Phil Duffy, Chris Toney
2011, Ecological Applications (21) 137-149
The future distribution of the Joshua tree (Yucca brevifolia) is projected by combining a geostatistical analysis of 20th-century climates over its current range, future modeled climates, and paleoecological data showing its response to a past similar climate change. As climate rapidly warmed ;11 700 years ago, the range of Joshua...
Rainfall intensity-duration thresholds for postfire debris-flow emergency-response planning
S.H. Cannon, E.M. Boldt, J.L. Laber, J. W. Kean, D.M. Staley
2011, Natural Hazards (59) 209-236
Following wildfires, emergency-response and public-safety agencies can be faced with evacuation and resource-deployment decisions well in advance of coming winter storms and during storms themselves. Information critical to these decisions is provided for recently burned areas in the San Gabriel Mountains of southern California. A compilation of information on the...
Millennial precipitation reconstruction for the Jemez Mountains, New Mexico, reveals changing drought signal
Ramzi Touchan, Connie A. Woodhouse, David M. Meko, Craig D. Allen
2011, International Journal of Climatology (31) 896-906
Drought is a recurring phenomenon in the American Southwest. Since the frequency and severity of hydrologic droughts and other hydroclimatic events are of critical importance to the ecology and rapidly growing human population of this region, knowledge of long-term natural hydroclimatic variability is valuable for resource managers and policy-makers. An...
Flow regime, temperature, and biotic interactions drive differential declines of trout species under climate change
S.J. Wenger, D.J. Isaak, C.H. Luce, H.M. Neville, K.D. Fausch, J. B. Dunham, D.C. Dauwalter, M.K. Young, M.M. Elsner, B.E. Rieman, A.F. Hamlet, J.E. Williams
2011, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America (108) 14175-14180
Broad-scale studies of climate change effects on freshwater species have focused mainly on temperature, ignoring critical drivers such as flow regime and biotic interactions. We use downscaled outputs from general circulation models coupled with a hydrologic model to forecast the effects of altered flows and increased temperatures on four interacting...
Effects of simultaneous climate change and geomorphic evolution on thermal characteristics of a shallow Alaskan lake
Jennifer R. Griffiths, Daniel E. Schindler, Laurie S. Balistrieri, Gregory T. Ruggerone
2011, Limnology and Oceanography (56) 193-205
We used a hydrodynamics model to assess the consequences of climate warming and contemporary geomorphic evolution for thermal conditions in a large, shallow Alaskan lake. We evaluated the effects of both known climate and landscape change, including rapid outlet erosion and migration of the principal inlet stream, over the past...
Long-term increases in young-of-the-year growth of Arctic cisco Coregonus autumnalis and environmental influences
Vanessa R. von Biela, Christian E. Zimmerman, L.L. Moulton
2011, Journal of Fish Biology (78) 39-56
Arctic cisco Coregonus autumnalis young‐of‐year (YOY) growth was used as a proxy to examine the long‐term response of a high‐latitude fish population to changing climate from 1978 to 2004. YOY growth increased over time (r2 = 0·29) and was correlated with monthly averages of the Arctic oscillation index, air temperature, east wind speed,...
Lunar mare deposits associated with the Orientale impact basin: New insights into mineralogy, history, mode of emplacement, and relation to Orientale Basin evolution from Moon Mineralogy Mapper (M3) data from Chandrayaan-1
J. Whitten, J.W. Head, M. Staid, C.M. Pieters, J. Mustard, R. Clark, J. Nettles, R.L. Klima, L. Taylor
2011, Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets (116) 1-33
Moon Mineralogy Mapper (M3) image and spectral reflectance data are combined to analyze mare basalt units in and adjacent to the Orientale multiring impact basin. Models are assessed for the relationships between basin formation and mare basalt emplacement. Mare basalt emplacement on the western nearside limb began prior to the...
Patterns in young-of-year smallmouth bass microhabitat use in multiple stream segments with contrasting land uses
S.K. Brewer
2011, Fisheries Management and Ecology (18) 506-512
Young‐of‐the‐year (YOY) smallmouth bass, Micropterus dolomieu Lacepéde, were evaluated in streams from eight catchments with two contrasting land uses to determine their use of microhabitats under a variety of stream conditions. Step‐wise discriminant function analyses revealed patterns of habitat use by discriminating used from available microhabitat conditions. Velocity was significant in 88%...
Nitrogen contamination of surficial aquifers - A growing legacy
Larry J. Puckett, Anthony J. Tesoriero, Neil M. Dubrovsky
2011, Environmental Science & Technology (45) 839-844
The virtual ubiquity of fertilizer-fed agriculture, increasing over several decades, has become necessary to support the global human population. Ironically, widespread use of nitrogen (N) has contaminated another vital resource: surficial fresh groundwater. Further, as nitrous oxide (N2O) is a potent greenhouse gas, anthropogenic manipulation of...
Sedimentary response to orogenic exhumation in the northern Rocky Mountain Basin and Range province, Flint Creek basin, west-central Montana
R.A. Portner, M.S. Hendrix, J.C. Stalker, D. P. Miggins, S.D. Sheriff
2011, Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences (48) 1131-1153
Middle Eocene through Upper Miocene sedimentary and volcanic rocks of the Flint Creek basin in western Montana accumulated during a period of significant paleoclimatic change and extension across the northern Rocky Mountain Basin and Range province. Gravity modelling, borehole data, and geologic mapping from the Flint Creek basin indicate that...
Normalized Difference Vegetation Index for Fanno Creek, Oregon
Steven Sobieszczyk
2011, Report
Fanno Creek is a tributary to the Tualatin River and flows though parts of the southwest Portland metropolitan area. The stream is heavily influenced by urban runoff and shows characteristic flashy streamflow and poor water quality commonly associated with urban streams. This data set represents the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index...
Understanding interaction effects of climate change and fire management on bird distributions through combined process and habitat models
Joseph D. White, Kevin J. Gutzwiller, Wylie C. Barrow, Lori Johnson-Randall, Lisa Zygo, Pamela Swint
2011, Conservation Biology (25) 536-546
Avian conservation efforts must account for changes in vegetation composition and structure associated with climate change. We modeled vegetation change and the probability of occurrence of birds to project changes in winter bird distributions associated with climate change and fire management in the northern Chihuahuan Desert (southwestern U.S.A.). We simulated...
Origin of minor and trace element compositional diversity in anorthitic feldspar phenocrysts and melt inclusions from the Juan de Fuca Ridge
David T. Adams, Roger L. Nielsen, Adam J. R. Kent, Frank J. Tepley III
2011, Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems (12)
Melt inclusions trapped in phenocryst phases are important primarily due to their potential of preserving a significant proportion of the diversity of magma composition prior to modification of the parent magma array during transport through the crust. The goal of this investigation was to evaluate the impact of formational and...
Duration and severity of Medieval drought in the Lake Tahoe Basin
J.A. Kleppe, D.S. Brothers, G.M. Kent, F. Biondi, S. Jensen, N. W. Driscoll
2011, Quaternary Science Reviews (30) 3269-3279
Droughts in the western U.S. in the past 200 years are small compared to several megadroughts that occurred during Medieval times. We reconstruct duration and magnitude of extreme droughts in the northern Sierra Nevada from hydroclimatic conditions in Fallen Leaf Lake, California. Stands of submerged trees rooted in situ below...
Sea surface temperatures of the mid-Piacenzian Warm Period: A comparison of PRISM3 and HadCM3
Harry J. Dowsett, A.M. Haywood, P.J. Valdes, Marci M. Robinson, D.J. Lunt, D.J. Hill, D.K. Stoll, Kevin M. Foley
2011, Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology (309) 83-91
It is essential to document how well the current generation of climate models performs in simulating past climates to have confidence in their ability to project future conditions. We present the first global, in-depth comparison of Pliocene sea surface temperature (SST) estimates from a coupled ocean–atmosphere climate model experiment...
Responses of wind erosion to climate-induced vegetation changes on the Colorado Plateau
Seth M. Munson, Jayne Belnap, Gregory S. Okin
2011, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (108) 3854-3859
Projected increases in aridity throughout the southwestern United States due to anthropogenic climate change will likely cause reductions in perennial vegetation cover, which leaves soil surfaces exposed to erosion. Accelerated rates of dust emission from wind erosion have large implications for ecosystems and human well-being, yet there is poor understanding...
Statistical methods of estimating mining costs
K. R. Long
2011, Conference Paper, SME Annual Meeting and Exhibit and CMA 113th National Western Mining Conference 2011
Until it was defunded in 1995, the U.S. Bureau of Mines maintained a Cost Estimating System (CES) for prefeasibility-type economic evaluations of mineral deposits and estimating costs at producing and non-producing mines. This system had a significant role in mineral resource assessments to estimate costs of developing and operating known...
Optical maturity variation in lunar spectra as measured by Moon Mineralogy Mapper data
J.W. Nettles, M. Staid, S. Besse, J. Boardman, R. N. Clark, D. Dhingra, P. Isaacson, R. Klima, G. Kramer, C.M. Pieters, L.A. Taylor
2011, Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets (116)
High spectral and spatial resolution data from the Moon Mineralogy Mapper (M3) instrument on Chandrayaan-1 are used to investigate in detail changes in the optical properties of lunar materials accompanying space weathering. Three spectral parameters were developed and used to quantify spectral effects commonly thought to be associated with increasing...
Impacts of past climate and sea level change on Everglades wetlands: placing a century of anthropogenic change into a late-Holocene context
Debra A. Willard, C.E. Bernhardt
2011, Climatic Change (107) 59-80
We synthesize existing evidence on the ecological history of the Florida Everglades since its inception ~7 ka (calibrated kiloannum) and evaluate the relative impacts of sea level rise, climate variability, and human alteration of Everglades hydrology on wetland plant communities. Initial freshwater peat accumulation began between 6 and 7 ka...
Local weather, regional climate, and annual survival of the northern spotted owl
E.M. Glenn, Robert Anthony, E.D. Forsman, G.S. Olson
2011, The Condor (113) 159-176
We used an information-theoretical approach and Cormack—Jolly—Seber models for open populations in program MARK to examine relationships between survival rates of Northern Spotted Owls and a variety of local weather variables and long-term climate variables. In four of the six populations examined, survival was positively associated with wetter than normal...
Use of fatty acid analysis to determine dispersal of Caspian Terns in the Columbia River Basin, U.S.A.
C. J. Maranto, J. K. Parrish, D. P. Herman, A. E. Punt, J. D. Olden, M. T. Brett, Daniel D. Roby
2011, Conservation Biology (25) 736-746
Lethal control, which has been used to reduce local abundances of animals in conflict with humans or with endangered species, may not achieve management goals if animal movement is not considered. In populations with emigration and immigration, lethal control may induce compensatory immigration, if the source of attraction remains unchanged....
