The development of a probabilistic approach to forecast coastal change
Erika E. Lentz, Cheryl J. Hapke
Julie D. Rosati, Ping Wang, Tiffany M. Roberts, editor(s)
2011, Conference Paper, The proceedings of the Coastal Sediments 2011
This study demonstrates the applicability of a Bayesian probabilistic model as an effective tool in predicting post-storm beach changes along sandy coastlines. Volume change and net shoreline movement are modeled for two study sites at Fire Island, New York in response to two extratropical storms in 2007 and 2009. Both...
A nearshore processes field experiment at Cape Hatteras, North Carolina, U.S.A.
Jeffrey H. List, John C. Warner, E. Robert Thieler, Kevin Haas, George Voulgaris, Jesse E. McNinch, Katherine L. Brodie
Julie D. Rosati, Ping Wang, Tiffany M. Roberts, editor(s)
2011, Conference Paper, The proceedings of the Coastal Sediments 2011
A month-long field experiment focused on the nearshore hydrodynamics of Diamond Shoals adjacent to Cape Hatteras Point, North Carolina, was conducted in February 2010. The objectives of this multi-institutional experiment were to test hypotheses related to Diamond Shoals as a sink in the regional sediment budget and to provide data...
Cold-water coral distributions in the Drake Passage area from towed camera observations - Initial interpretations
Rhian G. Waller, Kathryn Scanlon Catanach, Laura F. Robinson
2011, PLoS ONE (6)
Seamounts are unique deep-sea features that create habitats thought to have high levels of endemic fauna, productive fisheries and benthic communities vulnerable to anthropogenic impacts. Many seamounts are isolated features, occurring in the high seas, where access is limited and thus biological data scarce. There are numerous seamounts within the...
The timing of tertiary metamorphism and deformation in the Albion-Raft River-Grouse Creek metamorphic core complex, Utah and Idaho
A. Strickland, E. L. Miller, J. L. Wooden
2011, Journal of Geology (119) 185-206
The Albion-Raft River-Grouse Creek metamorphic core complex of southern Idaho and northern Utah exposes 2.56-Ga orthogneisses and Neoproterozoic metasedimentary rocks that were intruded by 32-25-Ma granitic plutons. Pluton emplacement was contemporaneous with peak metamorphism, ductile thinning of the country rocks, and top-to-thewest, normal-sense shear along the Middle Mountain shear zone....
Soil carbon sequestration potential for "grain for green" project in Loess Plateau, China
R. Chang, B. Fu, Gaisheng Liu, S. Liu
2011, Environmental Management (48) 1158-1172
Conversion of cropland into perennial vegetation land can increase soil organic carbon (SOC) accumulation, which might be an important mitigation measure to sequester carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. The “Grain for Green” project, one of the most ambitious ecological programmes launched in modern China, aims at transforming the low-yield slope...
Origin of minor and trace element compositional diversity in anorthitic feldspar phenocrysts and melt inclusions from the Juan de Fuca Ridge
David T. Adams, Roger L. Nielsen, Adam J. R. Kent, Frank J. Tepley III
2011, Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems (12)
Melt inclusions trapped in phenocryst phases are important primarily due to their potential of preserving a significant proportion of the diversity of magma composition prior to modification of the parent magma array during transport through the crust. The goal of this investigation was to evaluate the impact of formational and...
Extended megadroughts in the southwestern United States during Pleistocene interglacials
P.J. Fawcett, J.P. Werne, R. Scott Anderson, J.M. Heikoop, E.T. Brown, M.A. Berke, S.J. Smith, F. Goff, L. Donohoo-Hurley, L. M. Cisneros-Dozal, S. Schouten, J.S.S. Damste, Y. Huang, J. Toney, J. Fessenden, G. Woldegabriel, V. Atudorei, J. W. Geissman, Craig D. Allen
2011, Nature (470) 518-521
The potential for increased drought frequency and severity linked to anthropogenic climate change in the semi-arid regions of the southwestern United States (US) is a serious concern. Multi-year droughts during the instrumental period and decadal-length droughts of the past two millennia were shorter and climatically different from the future permanent,...
Mark-recapture using tetracycline and genetics reveal record-high bear density
Elizabeth L. Peacock, Kimberly Titus, David L. Garshelis, Mary M. Peacock, Miroslaw Kuc
2011, Journal of Wildlife Management (75) 1513-1520
We used tetracycline biomarking, augmented with genetic methods to estimate the size of an American black bear (Ursus americanus) population on an island in Southeast Alaska. We marked 132 and 189 bears that consumed remote, tetracycline-laced baits in 2 different years, respectively, and observed 39 marks in 692 bone samples...
Competitive interactions between walleye (Sander vitreus) and smallmouth bass (Micropterus dolomieu) under various controlled conditions
M.R. Wuellner, B. D. S. Graeb, D.W. Willis, B.J. Galster, T.M. Selch, S. R. Chipps
2011, Journal of Freshwater Ecology (26) 299-314
The range of smallmouth bass (Micropterus dolomieu) is expanding northward, creating new interactions with native predators, including walleye (Sander vitreus). We used a series of experiments to investigate competition between walleye (WAE) and smallmouth bass (SMB) at different life stages and light conditions, identified behaviors that allowed one fish to...
Preening behavior of adult gyrfalcons tagged with backpack transmitters
T.L. Booms, P.F. Schempf, M.R. Fuller
2011, Journal of Raptor Research (45) 264-267
Radio transmitters provide data that enhance understanding of raptor biology (Walls and Kenward 2007) and are now used to answer a multitude of research questions (Meyburg and Fuller 2007). However, transmitters affect the birds that carry them (Barron et al. 2010), and it is important to document and evaluate such...
Holocene record of precipitation seasonality from lake calcite δ18O in the central Rocky Mountains, United States
Lesleigh Anderson
2011, Geology (39) 211-214
A context for recent hydroclimatic extremes and variability is provided by a ∼10 k.y. sediment carbonate oxygen isotope (δ18O) record at 5–100 yr resolution from Bison Lake, 3255 m above sea level, in northwestern Colorado (United States). Winter precipitation is the primary water source for the alpine headwater lake in...
Failed magmatic eruptions: Late-stage cessation of magma ascent
S.C. Moran, C. Newhall, D.C. Roman
2011, Bulletin of Volcanology (73) 115-122
When a volcano becomes restless, a primary question is whether the unrest will lead to an eruption. Here we recognize four possible outcomes of a magmatic intrusion: "deep intrusion", "shallow intrusion", "sluggish/viscous magmatic eruption", and "rapid, often explosive magmatic eruption". We define "failed eruptions" as instances in which magma reaches...
Second California Assessment: Integrated climate change impacts assessment of natural and managed systems. Guest editorial
G. Franco, D.R. Cayan, S. Moser, M. Hanemann, M. A. Jones
2011, Climatic Change (109) 1-19
Since 2006 the scientific community in California, in cooperation with resource managers, has been conducting periodic statewide studies about the potential impacts of climate change on natural and managed systems. This Special Issue is a compilation of revised papers that originate from the most recent assessment that concluded in 2009....
Monitoring carnivore populations at the landscape scale: occupancy modelling of tigers from sign surveys
Kota Ullas Karanth, Arjun M. Gopalaswamy, Narayanarao Samba Kumar, Srinivas Vaidyanathan, James D. Nichols, Darryl I. MacKenzie
2011, Journal of Applied Ecology (48) 1048-1056
1. Assessing spatial distributions of threatened large carnivores at landscape scales poses formidable challenges because of their rarity and elusiveness. As a consequence of logistical constraints, investigators typically rely on sign surveys. Most survey methods, however, do not explicitly address the central problem of imperfect detections of animal signs in the...
Beaver assisted river valley formation
Cherie J. Westbrook, D.J. Cooper, Bruce W. Baker
2011, River Research and Applications (27) 247-256
We examined how beaver dams affect key ecosystem processes, including pattern and process of sediment deposition, the composition and spatial pattern of vegetation, and nutrient loading and processing. We provide new evidence for the formation of heterogeneous beaver meadows on riverine system floodplains and terraces where dynamic flows are capable...
Detecting post-fire burn severity and vegetation recovery using multitemporal remote sensing spectral indices and field-collected composite burn index data in a ponderosa pine forest
Xuexia Chen, James E. Vogelmann, Matt Rollins, Donald Ohlen, Carl H. Key, Limin Yang, Chengquan Huang, Hua Shi
2011, International Journal of Remote Sensing (32) 7905-7927
It is challenging to detect burn severity and vegetation recovery because of the relatively long time period required to capture the ecosystem characteristics. Multitemporal remote sensing data can providemultitemporal observations before, during and after a wildfire, and can improve the change detection accuracy. The goal of this study is to...
Wetland vegetation in Manzala lagoon, Nile Delta coast, Egypt: Rapid responses of pollen to altered nile hydrology and land use
C.E. Bernhardt, J.-D. Stanley, B. P. Horton
2011, Journal of Coastal Research (27) 731-737
The pollen record in a sediment core from Manzala lagoon on the Nile delta coastal margin of Egypt, deposited from ca. AD 1860 to 1990, indicates rapid coastal wetland vegetation responses to two primary periods of human activity. These are associated with artificially altered Nile hydrologic regimes in proximal areas and distal...
Wave-current interaction in Willapa Bay
Maitane Olabarrieta, John C. Warner, Nirnimesh Kumar
2011, Journal of Geophysical Research C: Oceans (116)
This paper describes the importance of wave-current interaction in an inlet-estuary system. The three-dimensional, fully coupled, Coupled Ocean-Atmosphere-Wave-Sediment Transport (COAWST) modeling system was applied in Willapa Bay (Washington State) from 22 to 29 October 1998 that included a large storm event. To represent the interaction between waves and currents, the...
InSAR observations of aseismic slip associated with an earthquake swarm in the Columbia River flood basalts
Charles Wicks, W. Thelen, C. Weaver, J. Gomberg, A. Rohay, P. Bodin
2011, Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth (116)
In 2009 a swarm of small shallow earthquakes occurred within the basalt flows of the Columbia River Basalt Group (CRBG). The swarm occurred within a dense seismic network in the U.S. Department of Energys Hanford Site. Data from the seismic network along with interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) data from...
The magnitude distribution of earthquakes near Southern California faults
M.T. Page, D. Alderson, J. Doyle
2011, Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth (116)
We investigate seismicity near faults in the Southern California Earthquake Center Community Fault Model. We search for anomalously large events that might be signs of a characteristic earthquake distribution. We find that seismicity near major fault zones in Southern California is well modeled by a Gutenberg-Richter distribution, with no evidence...
Chromium(VI) generation in vadose zone soils and alluvial sediments of the southwestern Sacramento Valley, California: a potential source of geogenic Cr(VI) to groundwater
Christopher T. Mills, Jean M. Morrison, Martin B. Goldhaber, Karl J. Ellefsen
2011, Applied Geochemistry (26) 1488-1501
Concentrations of geogenic Cr(VI) in groundwater that exceed the World Health Organization’s maximum contaminant level for drinking water (50 μg L−1) occur in several locations globally. The major mechanism for mobilization of this Cr(VI) at these sites is the weathering of Cr(III) from ultramafic rocks and its subsequent oxidation on...
Biophysical controls on accretion and elevation change in Caribbean mangrove ecosystems
Karen L. McKee
2011, Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science (91) 475-483
Habitat stability of coastal ecosystems, such as marshes and mangroves, depends on maintenance of soil elevations relative to sea level. Many such systems are characterized by limited mineral sedimentation and/or rapid subsidence and are consequently dependent upon accumulation of organic matter to maintain elevations. However, little...
Pore morphology effect in microlog for porosity prediction in a mature field
W.J. Teh, G.P. Willhite, J.H. Doveton, J.S. Tsau
2011, Conference Paper, SPE Eastern Regional Meeting
In an matured field, developed during the 1950s, no porosity logs were available from sources other than invaded zone resistivity Rxo . The microresistivity porosity is calibrated with the core porosity to yield an accurate estimate of the porosity. However, the procedure of calibrating the porosity with Rxo for a...
Seawater calcium isotope ratios across the Eocene-Oligocene transition
E.M. Griffith, A. Paytan, A. Eisenhauer, Thomas D. Bullen, E. Thomas
2011, Geology (39) 683-686
During the Eocene-Oligocene transition (EOT, ca. 34 Ma), Earth's climate cooled significantly from a greenhouse to an icehouse climate, while the calcite (CaCO3) compensation depth (CCD) in the Pacific Ocean increased rapidly. Fluctuations in the CCD could result from various processes that create an imbalance between calcium (Ca) sources to,...
Updated paleomagnetic pole from Cretaceous plutonic rocks of the Sierra Nevada, California: Tectonic displacement of the Sierra Nevada block
John W. Hillhouse, Sherman Gromme
2011, Lithosphere (3) 275-288
We report remanent magnetization measurements from 13 sites in Cretaceous plutonic rocks in the northern Sierra Nevada (38°N–39.5°N). By increasing the number of available paleomagnetic sites, the new data tighten constraints on the displacement history of the Sierra Nevada block and its pre-extensional position relative to interior North America. We...
