Radiotelemetry to estimate stream life of adult chum salmon in the McNeil River, Alaska
Joshua Peirce, Edward O. Otis, Mark S. Wipfli, Erich H. Follmann
2011, North American Journal of Fisheries Management (31) 315-322
Estimating salmon escapement is one of the fundamental steps in managing salmon populations. The area-under-the-curve (AUC) method is commonly used to convert periodic aerial survey counts into annual salmon escapement indices. The AUC requires obtaining accurate estimates of stream life (SL) for target species. Traditional methods for estimating SL (e.g.,...
Coulomb stress change sensitivity due to variability in mainshock source models and receiving fault parameters: A case study of the 2010-2011 Christchurch, New Zealand, earthquakes
Zhongwen Zhan, Bikai Jin, Shengji Wei, Robert W. Graves
2011, Seismological Research Letters (82) 800-814
Strong aftershocks following major earthquakes present significant challenges for infrastructure recovery as well as for emergency rescue efforts. A tragic instance of this is the 22 February 2011 Mw 6.3 Christchurch aftershock in New Zealand, which caused more than 100 deaths while the 2010 Mw 7.1 Canterbury mainshock did not...
Fire in the Cape Region of South Africa
Jon E. Keeley, William J. Bond, Ross A. Bradstock, Juli G. Pausas, Philip W. Rundel
2011, Book chapter, Fire in Mediterranean ecosystems: Ecology, evolution and management
South Africa's mediterranean-type climate (MTC) region is the smallest of the five MTC regions, centered in the southwestern corner of the Western Cape Province (Fig. 7.1). This Cape region is dominated by fynbos shrublands (see Fig. 1.6e) but this fynbos biome continues eastward far outside the MTC. The Cape region...
A Comparison of seismic instrument noise coherence analysis techniques
A. T. Ringler, C. R. Hutt, J.R. Evans, L.D. Sandoval
2011, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (101) 558-567
The self-noise of a seismic instrument is a fundamental characteristic used to evaluate the quality of the instrument. It is important to be able to measure this self-noise robustly, to understand how differences among test configurations affect the tests, and to understand how different processing techniques and isolation methods (from...
Planktivory in the changing Lake Huron zooplankton community: Bythotrephes consumption exceeds that of Mysis and fish
D.B. Bunnell, R. Douglas Hunter, D.M. Warner, M.A. Chriscinske, E.F. Roseman
2011, Freshwater Biology (56) 1281-1296
Oligotrophic lakes are generally dominated by calanoid copepods because of their competitive advantage over cladocerans at low prey densities. Planktivory also can alter zooplankton community structure. We sought to understand the role of planktivory in driving recent changes to the zooplankton community of Lake Huron, a large oligotrophic lake on...
EAARL coastal topography - Assateague Island National Seashore, Maryland and Virginia, 2010
J.M. Bonisteel-Cormier, Amar Nayegandhi, C. W. Wright, J. C. Brock, D.B. Nagle, Saisudha Vivekanandan, E.S. Klipp, Xan Fredericks, Sara Stevens
2011, Data Series 628
This DVD contains lidar-derived bare-earth (BE) and first-surface (FS) topography GIS datasets of a portion of the Assateague Island National Seashore in Maryland and Virginia. These datasets were acquired on March 19 and 24, 2010....
Integration of paleoseismic data from multiple sites to develop an objective earthquake chronology: Application to the Weber segment of the Wasatch fault zone, Utah
C. B. DuRoss, S. F. Personius, A. J. Crone, S.S. Olig, W.R. Lund
2011, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (101) 2765-2781
We present a method to evaluate and integrate paleoseismic data from multiple sites into a single, objective measure of earthquake timing and recurrence on discrete segments of active faults. We apply this method to the Weber segment (WS) of the Wasatch fault zone using data from four fault-trench studies completed...
Columbus crater and other possible groundwater-fed paleolakes of Terra Sirenum, Mars
J.J. Wray, R.E. Milliken, Colin M. Dundas, Gregg A. Swayze, J. C. Andrews-Hanna, A.M. Baldridge, M. Chojnacki, J.L. Bishop, B.L. Ehlmann, S.L. Murchie, Roger N. Clark, F.P. Seelos, L.L. Tornabene, S. W. Squyres
2011, Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets (116)
Columbus crater in the Terra Sirenum region of the Martian southern highlands contains light‐toned layered deposits with interbedded sulfate and phyllosilicate minerals, a rare occurrence on Mars. Here we investigate in detail the morphology, thermophysical properties, mineralogy, and stratigraphy of these deposits; explore their regional context; and interpret the crater's...
Geochemistry of southern Pagan Island lavas, Mariana arc: The role of subduction zone processes
J.P. Marske, A.J. Pietruszka, F. A. Trusdell, M.O. Garcia
2011, Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology (162) 231-252
New major and trace element abundances, and Pb, Sr, and Nd isotopic ratios of Quaternary lavas from two adjacent volcanoes (South Pagan and the Central Volcanic Region, or CVR) located on Pagan Island allow us to investigate the mantle source (i.e., slab components) and melting dynamics within the Mariana intra-oceanic...
Hillslope chemical weathering across Paraná, Brazil: a data mining-GIS hybrid approach
Fabio Iwashita, Michael J. Friedel, Carlos Roberto de Souza Filho, Stephen J. Fraser
2011, Geomorphology (132) 167-175
Self-organizing map (SOM) and geographic information system (GIS) models were used to investigate the nonlinear relationships associated with geochemical weathering processes at local (~100 km2) and regional (~50,000 km2) scales. The data set consisted of 1) 22 B-horizon soil variables: P, C, pH, Al, total acidity, Ca, Mg, K, total cation exchange...
Preparing for a "Big One": The great southern California shakeout
Lucile M. Jones, M. Benthien
2011, Earthquake Spectra (27) 575-595
The Great Southern California ShakeOut was a week of special events featuring the largest earthquake drill in United States history. On November 13, 2008, over 5 million Southern Californians pretended that the magnitude-7.8 ShakeOut scenario earthquake was occurring and practiced actions derived from results of the ShakeOut Scenario, to reduce...
Rapid diagnosis of avian influenza virus in wild birds: Use of a portable rRT-PCR and freeze-dried reagents in the field
John Y. Takekawa, N.J. Hill, A.K. Schultz, S. A. Iverson, C.J. Cardona, W.M. Boyce, J.P. Dudley
2011, Journal of Visualized Experiments (54)
Wild birds have been implicated in the spread of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) of the H5N1 subtype, prompting surveillance along migratory flyways. Sampling of wild birds for avian influenza virus (AIV) is often conducted in remote regions, but results are often delayed because of the need to transport samples...
Surface (sea floor) and near-surface (box cores) sediment mineralogy in Baffin Bay as a key to sediment provenance and ice sheet variations
John T. Andrews, D. D. Eberl
2011, Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences (48) 1307-1328
To better understand the glacial history of the ice sheets surrounding Baffin Bay and to provide information on sediment pathways, samples from 82 seafloor grabs and core tops, and from seven box cores were subjected to quantitative X-ray diffraction weight percent (wt.%) analysis of the <2 mm sediment fraction. The samples...
Wave characteristic and morphologic effects on the onshore hydrodynamic response of tsunamis
A. Apotsos, B. Jaffe, G. Gelfenbaum
2011, Coastal Engineering (58) 1034-1048
While the destruction caused by a tsunami can vary significantly owing to near- and onshore controls, we have only a limited quantitative understanding of how different local parameters influence the onshore response of tsunamis. Here, a numerical model based on the non-linear shallow water equations is first shown to agree...
Completion of the 2006 national land cover database for the conterminous united states
Joyce Fry, George Z. Xian, Suming Jin, Jon Dewitz, Collin G. Homer, Limin Yang, Christopher A. Barnes, N.D. Herold, J.D. Wickham
2011, Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing (77) 858-864
No abstract available....
Tracking solutes and water from subsurface drip irrigation application of coalbed methane-produced waters, Powder River Basin, Wyoming
Mark A. Engle, Carleton R. Bern, Richard W. Healy, J.I. Sams, J.W. Zupancic, K.T. Schroeder
2011, Environmental Geosciences (18) 169-187
One method to beneficially use water produced from coalbed methane (CBM) extraction is subsurface drip irrigation (SDI) of croplands. In SDI systems, treated CBM water (injectate) is supplied to the soil at depth, with the purpose of preventing the buildup of detrimental salts near the surface. The technology is...
A large and persistent carbon sink in the world's forests
Y. Pan, R.A. Birdsey, J. Fang, R. Houghton, P.E. Kauppi, W.A. Kurz, O.L. Phillips, A. Shvidenko, S.L. Lewis, J.G. Canadell, P. Ciais, R.B. Jackson, S.W. Pacala, A. David McGuire, S. Piao, A. Rautiainen, S. Sitch, D. Hayes
2011, Science (333) 988-993
The terrestrial carbon sink has been large in recent decades, but its size and location remain uncertain. Using forest inventory data and long-term ecosystem carbon studies, we estimate a total forest sink of 2.4 ± 0.4 petagrams of carbon per year (Pg C year–1) globally for...
Microbial sulfate reduction and the sulfur budget for a complete section of altered oceanic basalts, IODP Hole 1256D (eastern Pacific)
Jeffrey C. Alt, Wayne C. Shanks
2011, Earth and Planetary Science Letters (310) 73-83
Sulfide mineralogy and the contents and isotope compositions of sulfur were analyzed in a complete oceanic volcanic section from IODP Hole 1256D in the eastern Pacific, in order to investigate the role of microbes and their effect on the sulfur budget in altered upper oceanic crust. Basalts in the 800m...
Dynamic habitat selection by two wading bird species with divergent foraging strategies in a seasonally fluctuating wetland
James M. Beerens, Dale E. Gawlik, Garth Herring, Mark I. Cook
2011, The Auk (128) 651-662
Seasonal and annual variation in food availability during the breeding season plays an influential role in the population dynamics of many avian species. In highly dynamic ecosystems like wetlands, finding and exploiting food resources requires a flexible behavioral response that may produce different population trends that vary with a species'...
Paleoenvironmental implications of taxonomic variation among δ15N values of chloropigments
Meytal B. Higgins, Felisa Wolfe-Simon, Rebecca S. Robinson, Yelun Qin, Mark A. Saito, Ann Pearson
2011, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta (75) 7351-7363
Natural variations in the ratios of nitrogen isotopes in biomass reflect variations in nutrient sources utilized for growth. In order to use δ15N values of chloropigments of photosynthetic organisms to determine the corresponding δ15N values of biomass – and by extension, surface waters – the isotopic offset between chlorophyll and...
Historical trends of hypoxia in Changjiang River estuary: Applications of chemical biomarkers and microfossils
X. Li, T.S. Bianchi, Z. Yang, L.E. Osterman, M. A. Allison, Steven F. DiMarco, G. Yang
2011, Journal of Marine Systems (86) 57-68
Over the past two decades China has become the largest global consumer of fertilizers, which has enhanced river nutrient fluxes and caused eutrophication and hypoxia in the Yangtze (Changjiang) large river delta-front estuary (LDE). In this study, we utilized plant pigments, lignin-phenols, stable isotopes (δ13C and δ15N) and foraminiferal microfossils...
Mapping irrigated areas of Ghana using fusion of 30 m and 250 m resolution remote-sensing data
M.K. Gumma, P.S. Thenkabail, F. Hideto, A. Nelson, V. Dheeravath, D. Busia, A. Rala
2011, Remote Sensing (3) 816-835
Maps of irrigated areas are essential for Ghana's agricultural development. The goal of this research was to map irrigated agricultural areas and explain methods and protocols using remote sensing. Landsat Enhanced Thematic Mapper (ETM+) data and time-series Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) data were used to map irrigated agricultural areas...
Reservoir characterization of the Mt. Simon Sandstone, Illinois Basin, USA
S.M. Frailey, J. Damico, H.E. Leetaru
2011, Conference Paper
The integration of open hole well log analyses, core analyses and pressure transient analyses was used for reservoir characterization of the Mt. Simon sandstone. Characterization of the injection interval provides the basis for a geologic model to support the baseline MVA model, specify pressure design requirements of surface equipment,...
Implementation of unmanned aircraft systems by the U.S. Geological Survey
J.J. Cress, J.L. Sloan, M.E. Hutt
2011, Geocarto International (26) 133-140
The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS) Project Office is leading the implementation of UAS technology in anticipation of transforming the research methods and management techniques employed across the Department of the Interior. UAS technology is being made available to monitor environmental conditions, analyse the impacts of climate...
Behavioral, clinical, and pathological characterization of acid metalliferous water toxicity in mallards
J.P. Isanhart, H. Wu, K. Pandher, R.K. MacRae, S.B. Cox, M.J. Hooper
2011, Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology (61) 653-667
From September to November 2000, United States Fish and Wildlife Service biologists investigated incidents involving 221 bird deaths at 3 mine sites located in New Mexico and Arizona. These bird deaths primarily involved passerine and waterfowl species and were assumed to be linked to consumption of acid metalliferous water (AMW)....
