Connecting the Yakima fold and thrust belt to active faults in the Puget Lowland, Washington
R.J. Blakely, B.L. Sherrod, C.S. Weaver, R.E. Wells, A.C. Rohay, E. A. Barnett, N.E. Knepprath
2011, Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth (116)
High-resolution aeromagnetic surveys of the Cascade Range and Yakima fold and thrust belt (YFTB), Washington, provide insights on tectonic connections between forearc and back-arc regions of the Cascadia convergent margin. Magnetic surveys were measured at a nominal altitude of 250 m above terrain and along flight lines spaced 400 m...
Chapter 48 Geology and petroleum potential of the Eurasia Basin
Thomas E. Moore, Janet K. Pitman
2011, Geological Society Memoir (35) 731-750
The Eurasia Basin petroleum province comprises the younger, eastern half of the Arctic Ocean, including the Cenozoic Eurasia Basin and the outboard part of the continental margin of northern Europe. For the USGS petroleum assessment (CARA), it was divided into four assessment units (AUs): the Lena Prodelta AU, consisting of...
Shallow conduit system at Kilauea Volcano, Hawaii, revealed by seismic signals associated with degassing bursts
Bernard Chouet, Phillip Dawson
2011, Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth (116) B12317
Eruptive activity at the summit of Kilauea Volcano, Hawaii, beginning in March, 2008 and continuing to the present time is characterized by episodic explosive bursts of gas and ash from a vent within Halemaumau Pit Crater. These bursts are accompanied by seismic signals that are well recorded by a broadband...
Potential increase in floods in California's Sierra Nevada under future climate projections
T. Das, M. D. Dettinger, D.R. Cayan, H.G. Hidalgo
2011, Climatic Change (109) 71-94
California’s mountainous topography, exposure to occasional heavily moisture-laden storm systems, and varied communities and infrastructures in low lying areas make it highly vulnerable to floods. An important question facing the state—in terms of protecting the public and formulating water management responses to climate change—is “how might future climate changes affect...
Early impacts of biological control on canopy cover and water use of the invasive saltcedar tree (Tamarix spp.) in western Nevada, USA
R.R. Pattison, C. M. D’Antonio, T.L. Dudley, Kip K. Allander, B. Rice
2011, Oecologia (165) 605-616
D. carinulata defoliated the majority of trees within 25 and 9 km, respectively, of the release location within 3 years. At the Humboldt site, D. carinulata reduced the canopy cover of trees adjacent to the release location by >90%. At a location 4 km away during the first year of defoliation, D. carinulata reduced peak (August) stem...
Geology and petroleum potential of the Lincoln Sea Basin, offshore North Greenland
K. Sorensen, D. Gautier, Janet K. Pitman, H. Ruth Jackson, T. Dahl-Jensen
2011, Geological Society Memoir (35) 673-684
A seismic refraction line crossing the Lincoln Sea was acquired in 2006. It proves the existence of a deep sedimentary basin underlying the Lincoln Sea. This basin appears to be comparable in width and depth to the Sverdrup Basin of the Canadian Arctic Islands. The stratigraphy of the Lincoln Sea...
Canopy water balance of windward and leeward Hawaiian cloud forests on Haleakalā, Maui, Hawai'i
Thomas W. Giambelluca, John K. DeLay, Michael A. Nullet, Martha A. Scholl, Stephen B. Gingerich
2011, Hydrological Processes (25) 438-447
The contribution of intercepted cloud water to precipitation at windward and leeward cloud forest sites on the slopes of Haleakalā, Maui was assessed using two approaches. Canopy water balance estimates based on meteorological monitoring were compared with interpretations of fog screen measurements collected over a 2-year period at each location....
Avian research on U.S. Forest Service Experimental Forests and Ranges: Emergent themes, opportunities, and challenges
Scott H. Stoleson, D.I. King, M. Tomosy
2011, Forest Ecology and Management (262) 49-52
Since 1908, U.S. Forest Service Experimental Forests and Ranges have been dedicated to long-term interdisciplinary research on a variety of ecological and management questions. They encompass a wide diversity of life zones and ecoregions, and provide access to research infrastructure, opportunities for controlled manipulations, and integration with other types of...
Few apparent short-term effects of elevated soil temperature and increased frequency of summer precipitation on the abundance and taxonomic diversity of desert soil micro- and meso-fauna
B.J. Darby, D.A. Neher, D.C. Housman, J. Belnap
2011, Soil Biology and Biochemistry (43) 1474-1481
Frequent hydration and drying of soils in arid systems can accelerate desert carbon and nitrogen mobilization due to respiration, microbial death, and release of intracellular solutes. Because desert microinvertebrates can mediate nutrient cycling, and the autotrophic components of crusts are known to be sensitive to rapid desiccation due to elevated...
Quantifying home range habitat requirements for bobcats (Lynx rufus) in Vermont, USA
Therese Donovan, M. Freeman, H. Abouelezz, Kim Royar, A. Howard, R. Mickey
2011, Biological Conservation (144) 2799-2809
We demonstrate how home range and habitat use analysis can inform landscape-scale conservation planning for the bobcat, Lynx rufus, in Vermont USA. From 2005 to 2008, we outfitted fourteen bobcats with GPS collars that collected spatially explicit locations from individuals every 4 h for 3–4 months. Kernel home range techniques were used to...
Raman spectroscopic measurements of CO2 density: Experimental calibration with high-pressure optical cell (HPOC) and fused silica capillary capsule (FSCC) with application to fluid inclusion observations
X. Wang, I-Ming Chou, W. Hu, Robert Burruss, Q. Sun, Y. Song
2011, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta (75) 4080-4093
Raman spectroscopy is a powerful method for the determination of CO2 densities in fluid inclusions, especially for those with small size and/or low fluid density. The relationship between CO2 Fermi diad split (Δ, cm−1) and CO2 density (ρ, g/cm3) has been documented by several previous studies. However, significant discrepancies exist among these...
Sibship reconstruction for inferring mating systems, dispersal and effective population size in headwater brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) populations
Yoichiro Kanno, Jason C. Vokoun, Benjamin H. Letcher
2011, Conservation Genetics (12) 619-628
Brook trout Salvelinus fontinalis populations have declined in much of the native range in eastern North America and populations are typically relegated to small headwater streams in Connecticut, USA. We used sibship reconstruction to infer mating systems, dispersal and effective population size of resident (non-anadromous) brook trout in two...
The stratigraphic filter and bias in measurement of geologic rates
R. Schumer, D. Jerolmack, Brandon McElroy
2011, Geophysical Research Letters (38)
Erosion and deposition rates estimated from the stratigraphic record frequently exhibit a power‐law dependence on measurement interval. This dependence can result from a power‐law distribution of stratigraphic hiatuses. By representing the stratigraphic filter as a stochastic process called a reverse ascending ladder, we describe a likely origin of power‐law hiatuses,...
What is the role of fresh groundwater and recirculated seawater in conveying nutrients to the coastal ocean?
Yishai Weinstein, Yoseph Yechieli, Yehuda Shalem, William C. Burnett, Peter W. Swarzenski, Barak Herut
2011, Environmental Science and Technology (45) 5195-5200
Submarine groundwater discharge (SGD) is a major process operating at the land-sea interface. Quantifying the SGD nutrient loads and the marine/terrestrial controls of this transport is of high importance, especially in oligotrophic seas such as the eastern Mediterranean. The fluxes of nutrients in groundwater discharging from the seafloor at Dor...
Spatial modeling for groundwater arsenic levels in North Carolina
D. Kim, M.L. Miranda, J. Tootoo, P. Bradley, A.E. Gelfand
2011, Environmental Science & Technology (45) 4824-4831
To examine environmental and geologic determinants of arsenic in groundwater, detailed geologic data were integrated with well water arsenic concentration data and well construction data for 471 private wells in Orange County, NC, via a geographic information system. For the statistical analysis, the geologic units were simplified into four generalized...
Whole-edifice ice volume change A.D. 1970 to 2007/2008 at Mount Rainier, Washington, based on LiDAR surveying
T. W. Sisson, J.E. Robinson, D.D. Swinney
2011, Geology (39) 639-642
Net changes in thickness and volume of glacial ice and perennial snow at Mount Rainier, Washington State, have been mapped over the entire edifice by differencing between a highresolution LiDAR (light detection and ranging) topographic survey of September-October 2007/2008 and the 10 m lateral resolution U.S. Geological Survey digital elevation...
Inter-specific coral chimerism: Genetically distinct multicellular structures associated with tissue loss in Montipora capitata
Thierry M. Work, Zac H. Forsman, Zoltan Szabo, Teresa D. Lewis, Greta S. Aeby, Robert J. Toonen
2011, PLoS ONE (6)
Montipora white syndrome (MWS) results in tissue-loss that is often lethal to Montipora capitata, a major reef building coral that is abundant and dominant in the Hawai'ian Archipelago. Within some MWS-affected colonies in Kane'ohe Bay, Oahu, Hawai'i, we saw unusual motile multicellular structures within gastrovascular canals (hereafter referred to as invasive gastrovascular...
Using normalized difference vegetation index to estimate carbon fluxes from small rotationally grazed pastures
R.H. Skinner, B.K. Wylie, T.G. Gilmanov
2011, Agronomy Journal (103) 972-979
Satellite-based normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) data have been extensively used for estimating gross primary productivity (GPP) and yield of grazing lands throughout the world. However, the usefulness of satellite-based images for monitoring rotationally-grazed pastures in the northeastern United States might be limited because paddock size is often smaller than...
Relationship of external fish condition to pathogen prevalence and out-migration survival in juvenile steelhead
Nathan J. Hostetter, A.F. Evans, Daniel D. Roby, K. Collis, M. Hawbecker, B.P. Sandford, D.E. Thompson, F.J. Loge
2011, Transactions of the American Fisheries Society (140) 1158-1171
Understanding how the external condition of juvenile salmonids is associated with internal measures of health and subsequent out‐migration survival can be valuable for population monitoring programs. This study investigated the use of a rapid, nonlethal, external examination to assess the condition of run‐of‐the‐river juvenile steelhead Oncorhynchus mykiss migrating from the Snake River...
Proactive aquatic ecotoxicological assessment of room-temperature ionic liquids
K. J. Kulacki, D. T. Chaloner, James H. Larson, D. M. Costello, M. A. Evans-White, K. M. Docherty, R. J. Bernot, M. A. Brueseke, C. F. Kulpa, G. A. Lamberti
2011, Current Organic Chemistry (15) 1918-1927
Aquatic environments are being contaminated with a myriad of anthropogenic chemicals, a problem likely to continue due to both unintentional and intentional releases. To protect valuable natural resources, novel chemicals should be shown to be environmentally safe prior to use and potential release into the environment. Such proactive assessment is...
Winter habitat associations of diurnal raptors in Californias Central Valley
E.R. Pandolrno, M.P. Herzog, S.L. Hooper, Z. Smith
2011, Western Birds (42) 62-84
The wintering raptors of California's Central Valley are abundant and diverse. Despite this, little information exists on the habitats used by these birds in winter. We recorded diurnal raptors along 19 roadside survey routes throughout the Central Valley for three consecutive winters between 2007 and 2010. We obtained data sufficient...
Early in-flight detection of SO2 via Differential Optical Absorption Spectroscopy: A feasible aviation safety measure to prevent potential encounters with volcanic plumes
L. Vogel, B. Galle, C. Kern, Granados H. Delgado, V. Conde, P. Norman, S. Arellano, O. Landgren, P. Lubcke, Nieves J.M. Alvarez, Gonzales L. Cardenas, U. Platt
2011, Atmospheric Measurement Techniques Discussions (4) 2827-2881
Volcanic ash constitutes a risk to aviation, mainly due to its ability to cause jet engines to fail. Other risks include the possibility of abrasion of windshields and potentially serious damage to avionic systems. These hazards have been widely recognized 5 since the early 1980s, when volcanic ash provoked several...
Recent surface temperature trends in the interior of East Antarctica from borehole firn temperature measurements and geophysical inverse methods
A. Muto, T. A. Scambos, K. Steffen, A.G. Slater, Gary D. Clow
2011, Geophysical Research Letters (38)
We use measured firn temperatures down to depths of 80 to 90 m at four locations in the interior of Dronning Maud Land, East Antarctica to derive surface temperature histories spanning the past few decades using two different inverse methods. We find that the mean surface temperatures near the ice...
Status and distribution of the Kittlitz's murrelet Brachyramphus brevirostris in Kenai Fjords, Alaska
Mayumi L. Arimitsu, John F. Piatt, Marc D. Romano, Thomas I. van Pelt
2011, Marine Ornithology: Journal of Seabird Research and Conservation (39) 13-22
The Kittlitz's Murrelet Brachyramphus brevirostris is a candidate species for listing under the US Endangered Species Act because of its apparent declines within core population areas of coastal Alaska. During the summers of 2006-2008, we conducted surveys in marine waters adjacent to Kenai Fjords National Park, Alaska, to estimate the...
Sea ice loss enhances wave action at the Arctic coast
I. Overeem, R. Scott Anderson, C.W. Wobus, Gary D. Clow, Frank E. Urban, N. Matell
2011, Geophysical Research Letters (38)
Erosion rates of permafrost coasts along the Beaufort Sea accelerated over the past 50 years synchronously with Arctic‐wide declines in sea ice extent, suggesting a causal relationship between the two. A fetch‐limited wave model driven by sea ice position and local wind data from northern Alaska indicates that the exposure...
