Mass-balance measurements in Alaska and suggestions for simplified observation programs
D.C. Trabant, R.S. March
1999, Geografiska Annaler, Series A: Physical Geography (81) 777-789
US Geological Survey glacier fieldwork in Alaska includes repetitious measurements, corrections for leaning or bending stakes, an ability to reliably measure seasonal snow as deep as 10 m, absolute identification of summer surfaces in the accumulation area, and annual evaluation of internal accumulation, internal ablation, and glacier‐thickness changes.Prescribed field...
Crystal growth mechanisms in miarolitic cavities in the Lake George ring complex and vicinity, Colorado
D. E. Kile, D. D. Eberl
1999, American Mineralogist (84) 718-724
The Crystal Peak area of the Pikes Peak batholith, near Lake George in central Colorado, is world-renowned for its crystals of amazonite (the blue-green variety of microcline) and smoky quartz. Such crystals, collected from individual miarolitic pegmatites, have a remakably small variation in crystal size within each pegmatite, and the...
Some preliminary findings on the nutritional status of the Hawaiian spiny lobster (Panulirus marginatus)
F.A. Parrish, T. L. Martinelli-Liedtke
1999, Pacific Science (53) 361-366
Data on the nutritional status of spiny lobster (Panulirus marginatus) were collected on the commercial trapping grounds of Necker Bank, Northwestern Hawaiian Islands, in the summers of 1991, 1994, and 1995. Glycogen levels measured in abdominal tissue of intermolt males were used as an index of nutritional health of the...
Style and origin of mid-Carboniferous deformation in the Illinois Basin, USA - Ancestral rockies deformation?
J.H. McBride, W.J. Nelson
1999, Tectonophysics (305) 249-273
The integration of outcrop, borehole, and seismic reflection data from the Illinois Basin and adjacent eastern Ozark Dome in Illinois and Missouri sheds new light on the style and origin of intra-cratonic deformation. Typical structures of this region are high-angle reverse faults in Precambrian basement that propagated upward to monoclines...
Behavioral correlates of heart rates of free-living Greater White-fronted Geese
Craig R. Ely, David H. Ward, Karen S. Bollinger
1999, Condor (101) 390-395
We simultaneously monitored the heart rate and behavior of nine free-living Greater White-fronted Geese (Anser albifrons) on their wintering grounds in northern California. Heart rates of wild geese were monitored via abdominally-implanted radio transmitters with electrodes that received electrical impulses of the heart and emitted a radio signal with each...
Quantification of precipitation measurement discontinuity induced by wind shields on national gauges
Daqing Yang, Barry E. Goodison, John R. Metcalfe, Paul Louie, George H. Leavesley, Douglas G. Emerson, Clayton L. Hanson, Valentin S. Golubev, Esko Elomaa, Thilo Gunther, Timothy Pangburn, Ersi Kang, Janja Milkovic
1999, Water Resources Research (35) 491-508
Various combinations of wind shields and national precipitation gauges commonly used in countries of the northern hemisphere have been studied in this paper, using the combined intercomparison data collected at 14 sites during the World Meteorological Organization's (WMO) Solid Precipitation Measurement Intercomparison Project. The results show that wind shields improve...
Subdivision of Holocene Baltic sea sediments by their physical properties [Gliederung holozaner ostseesedimente nach physikalischen Eigenschaften]
Jan Harff, Geoffrey C. Bohling, R. Endler, J.C. Davis, Ricardo A. Olea
1999, Petermanns Geographische Mitteilungen (143) 50-55
The Holocene sediment sequence of a core taken within the centre of the Eastern Gotland Basin was subdivided into 12 lithostratigraphic units based on MSCL-data (sound velocity, wet bulk density, magnetic susceptibility) using a multivariate classification method. The lower 6 units embrace the sediments until the Litorina transgression, and the...
Active tectonics of the Seattle fault and central Puget sound, Washington - Implications for earthquake hazards
S. Y. Johnson, S. V. Dadisman, J.R. Childs, W. D. Stanley
1999, Geological Society of America Bulletin (111) 1042-1053
We use an extensive network of marine high-resolution and conventional industry seismic-reflection data to constrain the location, shallow structure, and displacement rates of the Seattle fault zone and crosscutting high-angle faults in the Puget Lowland of western Washington. Analysis of seismic profiles extending 50 km across the Puget Lowland from...
Seismic slope-performance analysis: from hazard map to decision support system
Scott B. Miles, David K. Keefer, Carlton L. Ho
1999, Technical Council on Lifeline Earthquake Engineering Monograph 71-80
In response to the growing recognition of engineers and decision-makers of the regional effects of earthquake-induced landslides, this paper presents a general approach to conducting seismic landslide zonation, based on the popular Newmark's sliding block analogy for modeling coherent landslides. Four existing models based on the sliding block analogy are...
Obtaining environmental measures to facilitate vertebrate habitat modeling
J.W. Karl, N.M. Wright, P.J. Heglund, J. M. Scott
1999, Wildlife Society Bulletin (27) 357-365
Published literature generally lacks habitat information needed to adequately model the habitats of most wildlife species at large scales (>1:100,000). We searched in primary and secondary literature for occurrence of several potentially useful habitat measures for 20 species of interest to the Idaho Department of Fish and Game. We found...
Preliminary results on photometric properties of materials at the Sagan Memorial Station, Mars
Jeffrey R. Johnson, Randolph L. Kirk, Laurence A. Soderblom, Lisa R. Gaddis, Robert J. Reid, Daniel T. Britt, Peter Smith, Mark T. Lemmon, Nicolas Thomas, James F. Bell III, Nathan T. Bridges, Robert Anderson, Kenneth E. Herkenhoff, Justin N. Maki, Scott L. Murchie, Andreas Dummel, Ralf Jaumann, Frank Trauthan, Gabriele Arnold
1999, Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets (104) 8809-8830
Reflectance measurements of selected rocks and soils over a wide range of illumination geometries obtained by the Imager for Mars Pathfinder (IMP) camera provide constraints on interpretations of the physical and mineralogical nature of geologic materials at the landing site. The data sets consist of (1) three small “photometric spot”...
Laboratory evaluation of a lake trout bioenergetics model
Charles P. Madenjian, Daniel V. O’Connor
1999, Transactions of the American Fisheries Society (128) 802-814
Lake trout Salvelinus namaycush, aged 3 and 6 years and with average weights of 700 and 2,000 g, were grown in laboratory tanks for up to 407 d under a thermal regime similar to that experienced by lake trout in nearshore Lake Michigan. Lake trout were fed alewifeAlosa pseudoharengus and rainbow smelt Osmerus...
Methods for developing time-series climate surfaces to drive topographically distributed energy- and water-balance models
D. Susong, D. Marks, D. Garen
1999, Hydrological Processes (13) 2003-2021
Topographically distributed energy- and water-balance models can accurately simulate both the development and melting of a seasonal snowcover in the mountain basins. To do this they require time-series climate surfaces of air temperature, humidity, wind speed, precipitation, and solar and thermal radiation. If data are...
Integrated foraminiferal biostratigraphy and chemostratigraphy of the querecual formation (Cretaceous), Eastern Venezuela
S. Crespo De Cabrera, W.V. Sliter, I. Jarvis
1999, Journal of Foraminiferal Research (29) 487-499
An integrated foraminiferal biostratigraphy and chemostratigraphy is presented for the Lower to Upper Cretaceous Querecual Formation exposed on Chimana Grande Island, Eastern Venezuela. The formation consists of >450 m alternating foraminiferal and organic-rich carbonates and laminated mudrocks, and is considered the main hydrocarbon source rock for the eastern Venezuela Basin....
Dendrochronology and late Holocene history of Bering piedmont glacier, Alaska
G.C. Wiles, A. Post, E.H. Muller, B. F. Molnia
1999, Quaternary Research (52) 185-195
Fluctuations of the piedmont lobe of Bering Glacier and its sublobe Steller Glacier over the past two millennia are reconstructed using 34 radiocarbon dates and tree-ring data from 16 sites across the glaciers' forelands. The general sequence of glacial activity is consistent with well-dated fluctuations of tidewater and land-terminating glaciers...
Effects of management practices on grassland birds: American Bittern
Jill A. Dechant, Marriah L. Sondreal, Douglas H. Johnson, Lawrence D. Igl, Christopher M. Goldade, Amy L. Zimmerman, Betty R. Euliss
1999, Report, Effects of management practices on grassland birds
Information on the habitat requirements and effects of habitat management on grassland birds were summarized from information in more than 5,500 published and unpublished papers. A range map is provided to indicate the relative densities of the species in North America, based on Breeding Bird Survey (BBS) data. Although birds...
Change analysis in the United Arab Emirates: An investigation of techniques
Terry L. Sohl
1999, Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing (65) 475-484
Much of the landscape of the United Arab Emirates has been transformed over the past 15 years by massive afforestation, beautification, and agricultural programs. The "greening" of the United Arab Emirates has had environmental consequences, however, including degraded groundwater quality and possible damage to natural regional ecosystems. Personnel from the...
Behaviour and ecology of sea ducks
R. Ian Goudie, Margaret R. Petersen, Gregory J. Robertson
1999, Occasional Paper of the Canadian Wildlife Service
In November 1995... a full-day symposium on the biology of sea ducks was held. The papers in this volume were presented at this symposium. It is hoped that by synthesizing this information, more informed management decisions for sea ducks may emerge. The symposium contents help to emphasize the seriousness of...
An analysis of IGBP global land-cover characterization process
Thomas R. Loveland, Zhiliang Zhu, Donald O. Ohlen, Jesslyn F. Brown, Bradley C. Reed, Limin Yang
1999, Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing (65) 1021-1032
The international Geosphere Biosphere Programme (IGBP) has called for the development of improved global land-cover data for use in increasingly sophisticated global environmental models. To meet this need, the staff of the U.S. Geological Survey and the University of Nebraska-Lincoln developed and applied a global land-cover characterization methodology using 1992-1993...
Effects of management practices on grassland birds: Willet
Jill A. Dechant, Marriah L. Sondreal, Douglas H. Johnson, Lawrence D. Igl, Christopher M. Goldade, Barry D. Parkin, Betty R. Euliss
1999, Report, Effects of management practices on grassland birds
Information on the habitat requirements and effects of habitat management on grassland birds were summarized from information in more than 5,500 published and unpublished papers. A range map is provided to indicate the relative densities of the species in North America, based on Breeding Bird Survey (BBS) data. Although birds...
Range-wide impact of brown-headed cowbird parasitism on the southwestern willow flycatcher (Empidonax traillii extimus)
Mary J. Whitfield, Mark K. Sogge
1999, Studies in Avian Biology (18) 182-190
We present datasets from long-term studies of brood parasitism of Southwestern Willow Flycatcher (Empidonax traillii extimus) populations at the South Fork Kern River (SFKR), California, the Grand Canyon, Arizona, and from other intensive flycatcher studies in Arizona. In the two main study areas, we recorded high parasitism rates for the...
Yellowstone and the biology of time: Photographs across a century
Mary Meagher, Douglas B. Houston
1999, Book
Established in 1872, Yellowstone National Park is the oldest and one of the largest national parks in the world. In this remarkable book, scientists Mary Meagher and Douglas B. Houston present 100 sets of photographs that compare the Yellowstone of old with the park of today.Most of the photo sets...
Estimation of potential runoff-contributing areas in the Kansas-Lower Republican River basin, Kansas
Kyle E. Juracek
1999, Water-Resources Investigations Report 99-4089
Digital soils and topographic data were used to estimate and compare potential runoff-contributing areas for 19 selected subbasins representing soil, slope, and runoff variability within the Kansas-Lower Republican (KLR) River Basin. Potential runoff-contributing areas were estimated separately and collectively for the processes of infiltration-excess and saturation-excess overland flow using a...
Seismic subduction of the Nazca Ridge as shown by the 1996-97 Peru earthquakes
W. Spence, C. Mendoza, E.R. Engdahl, G. L. Choy, E. Norabuena
1999, Pure and Applied Geophysics (154) 753-776
By rupturing more than half of the shallow subduction interface of the Nazca Ridge, the great November 12, 1996 Peruvian earthquake contradicts the hypothesis that oceanic ridges subduct aseismically. The mainshock's rupture has a length of about 200 km and has an average slip of about 1.4 m. Its moment...
Modeling data from double-tagging experiments to estimate heterogeneous rates of tag shedding in lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush)
Mary C. Fabrizio, James D. Nichols, James E. Hines, Bruce L. Swanson, Stephen T. Schram
1999, Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences (56) 1409-1419
Data from mark-recapture studies are used to estimate population rates such as exploitation, survival, and growth. Many of these applications assume negligible tag loss, so tag shedding can be a significant problem. Various tag shedding models have been developed for use with data from double-tagging experiments, including models...
