Spatial and temporal Brook Trout density dynamics: Implications for conservation, management, and monitoring
Tyler Wagner, Jefferson T. Deweber, Jason Detar, David Kristine, John A. Sweka
2014, Transactions of the American Fisheries Society (34) 258-269
Many potential stressors to aquatic environments operate over large spatial scales, prompting the need to assess and monitor both site-specific and regional dynamics of fish populations. We used hierarchical Bayesian models to evaluate the spatial and temporal variability in density and capture probability of age-1 and older Brook Trout Salvelinus fontinalis from...
Modeling spatially-varying landscape change points in species occurrence thresholds
Tyler Wagner, Stephen R. Midway
2014, Ecosphere (5) 1-16
Predicting species distributions at scales of regions to continents is often necessary, as large-scale phenomena influence the distributions of spatially structured populations. Land use and land cover are important large-scale drivers of species distributions, and landscapes are known to create species occurrence thresholds, where small changes in a landscape characteristic...
Hydrogeochemistry of prairie pothole region wetlands: Role of long-term critical zone processes
Martin B. Goldhaber, Christopher T. Mills, Jean M. Morrison, Craig A. Stricker, David M. Mushet, James W. LaBaugh
2014, Chemical Geology (387) 170-183
This study addresses the geologic and hydrogeochemical processes operating at a range of scales within the prairie pothole region (PPR). The PPR is a 750,000 km2portion of north central North America that hosts millions of small wetlands known to be critical habitat for waterfowl and other wildlife. At a local...
Ancient fish and recent invaders: white sturgeon Acipenser transmontanus diet response to invasive-species-mediated changes in a benthic prey assemblage
Steven C Zeug, Annie Brodsky, Nina Kogut, A. Robin Stewart, Joe Merz
2014, Marine Ecology Progress Series (514) 163-174
Invasive organisms can have significant impacts on native species, and the San Francisco Estuary (SFE), California, USA, is one of the world's most invaded estuaries. Decline of native white sturgeon Acipenser transmontanus abundance in the SFE has been acknowledged, but underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. Invasion by the overbite clam...
A new method of snowmelt sampling for water stable isotopes
D. Penna, M. Ahmad, S. J. Birks, L. Bouchaou, M. Brencic, S. Butt, L. Holko, G. Jeelani, D. E. Martinez, G. Melikadze, J. B. Shanley, S. A. Sokratov, T. Stadnyk, A. Sugimoto, P. Vreca
2014, Hydrological Processes (28) 5637-5644
We modified a passive capillary sampler (PCS) to collect snowmelt water for isotopic analysis. Past applications of PCSs have been to sample soil water, but the novel aspect of this study was the placement of the PCSs at the ground-snowpack interface to collect snowmelt. We deployed arrays of PCSs at...
The importance of context dependency for understanding the effects of low flow events on fish
Annika W. Walters
2014, Freshwater Science (35) 216-228
The natural hydrology of streams and rivers has been extensively altered by dam construction, water diversion, and climate change. An increased frequency of low-flow events will affect fish by changing habitat availability, resource availability, and reproductive cues. I reviewed the literature to characterize the approaches taken to assess low-flow events...
Effects of invasive European bird cherry (Prunus padus) on leaf litter processing by aquatic invertebrate shredder communities in urban Alaskan streams
David A. Roon, Mark S. Wipfli, Tricia L. Wurtz
2014, Hydrobiologia (736) 17-30
European bird cherry (Prunus padus) (EBC) is an invasive ornamental tree that is spreading rapidly in riparian forests of urban Alaska. To determine how the spread of EBC affects leaf litter processing by aquatic invertebrate shredders, we conducted complementary leaf pack experiments in two streams located in Anchorage, Alaska. The...
Dynamics of a large, restless, rhyolitic magma system at Laguna del Maule, southern Andes, Chile
Brad S. Singer, Nathan L. Andersen, Helene Le Mevel, Kurt L. Feigl, Charles DeMets, Basil Tikoff, Clifford H. Thurber, Brian R. Jicha, Carlos Cardonna, Loreto Cordova, Fernando Gil, Martyn J. Unsworth, Glyn Williams-Jones, Craig W. Miller, Judith Fierstein, Edward Hildreth, Jorge A. Vazquez
2014, GSA Today (24) 4-10
Explosive eruptions of large-volume rhyolitic magma systems are common in the geologic record and pose a major potential threat to society. Unlike other natural hazards, such as earthquakes and tsunamis, a large rhyolitic volcano may provide warning signs long before a caldera-forming eruption occurs. Yet, these signs—and what they imply...
An applied ontology for semantics associated with surface water land cover
Dalia E. Varanka, E. Lynn Usery
Ola Ahlqvist, Dalia Varanka, Steffen Fritz, Krzysztof Janowicz, editor(s)
2014, Book chapter, Land Use and Land Cover Semantics Principles, Best Practices, and Prospects
Late quaternary paleoseismology of the west valley fault zone: Insights from the Baileys Lake trench site
Michael D. Hylland, Christopher B. DuRoss, Greg N. McDonald, Susan S. Olig, Charles G. Oviatt, Shannon Mahan, Anthony J. Crone, Stephen F. Personius
2014, Utah Geological Survey Special Study 149
Experimental additions of aluminum sulfate and ammonium nitrate to in situ mesocosms to reduce cyanobacterial biovolume and microcystin concentration
Ted D. Harris, Frank M. Wilhelm, Jennifer L. Graham, Keith A. Loftin
2014, Lake and Reservoir Management (30) 84-93
Recent studies suggest that nitrogen additions to increase the total nitrogen:total phosphorus (TN:TP) ratio may reduce cyanobacterial biovolume and microcystin concentration in reservoirs. In systems where TP is >100 μg/L, however, nitrogen additions to increase the TN:TP ratio could cause ammonia, nitrate, or nitrite toxicity to terrestrial and aquatic organisms. Reducing...
Spatial and temporal variation of the gill rakers of gizzard shad and silver carp in three Midwestern rivers
Liza R. Walleser, Mark B. Sandheinrich, David R. Howard, Mark P. Gaikowski, Jon J. Amberg
2014, North American Journal of Fisheries Management (34) 875-884
Improved management of invasive Silver Carp Hypophthalmichthys molitrix in the upper Mississippi River basin may be possible by better understanding the feeding abilities of this population. Food collection for filter-feeding fishes, such as Silver Carp, is influenced by the species-specific structure of their gill rakers. To investigate structural variation in gill rakers...
Forecasting distribution of numbers of large fires
Jeffery C. Eidenshink, Haiganoush K. Preisler, Stephen Howard, Robert E. Burgan
2014, Book, Proceedings of the large wildland fires conference
Systems to estimate forest fire potential commonly utilize one or more indexes that relate to expected fire behavior; however they indicate neither the chance that a large fire will occur, nor the expected number of large fires. That is, they do not quantify the probabilistic nature of fire danger. In...
Metal stable isotopes in weathering and hydrology
Thomas D. Bullen
Heinrich Holland, K. Turekian, editor(s)
2014, Book chapter, Treatise on Geochemistry
This chapter highlights some of the major developments in the understanding of the causes of metal stable isotope compositional variability in and isotope fractionation between natural materials and provides numerous examples of how that understanding is providing new insights into weathering and hydrology. At this stage, our knowledge of causes...
Condition Factor Analysis for the American alligator (Alligator mississippiensis)
Christa L. Zweig, Kenneth G. Rice, H. Franklin Percival, Frank J. Mazzotti
2014, Herpetological Review (45) 216-219
No abstract available....
Establishing endangered species recovery criteria using predictive simulation modeling
Conor P. McGowan, Daniel H. Catlin, Terry L. Shaffer, Cheri L. Gratto-Trevor, Carol Aron
2014, Biological Conservation (177) 220-229
Listing a species under the Endangered Species Act (ESA) and developing a recovery plan requires U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service to establish specific and measurable criteria for delisting. Generally, species are listed because they face (or are perceived to face) elevated risk of extinction due to issues such as habitat...
Geologic and physiographic controls on bed-material yield, transport, and channel morphology for alluvial and bedrock rivers, western Oregon
James E. O'Connor, Joseph F. Mangano, Scott A. Anderson, J. Rose Wallick, Krista L. Jones, Mackenzie K. Keith
2014, GSA Bulletin (126) 377-397
The rivers of western Oregon have diverse forms and characteristics, with channel substrates ranging from continuous alluvial gravel to bare bedrock. Analysis of several measurable morphologic attributes of 24 valley reaches on 17 rivers provides a basis for comparing nonalluvial and alluvial channels. Key differences are that alluvial reaches have...
Evaluating effects of Everglades restoration on American crocodile populations in south Florida using a spatially-explicit, stage-based population model
Timothy W. Green, Daniel H. Slone, Eric D. Swain, Michael S. Cherkiss, Melinda Lohmann, Frank J. Mazzotti, Kenneth G. Rice
2014, Wetlands (34) S213-S224
The distribution and abundance of the American crocodile (Crocodylus acutus) in the Florida Everglades is dependent on the timing, amount, and location of freshwater flow. One of the goals of the Comprehensive Everglades Restoration Plan (CERP) is to restore historic freshwater flows to American crocodile habitat throughout the Everglades....
Quantifying and valuing ecosystem services: An application of ARIES to the San Pedro River basin, USA
Kenneth J. Bagstad, Darius J. Semmens, Ferdinando Villa, Gary Johnson
2014, Book chapter, Handbook on the Economics of Ecosystem Services and Biodiversity
A large body of research exists that identifies and values ecosystem services - the benefits that ecosystems provide to humans (MA, 2005) - and their underlying ecological processes. However, the development of software decision support tools that integrate ecology, economics and geography that can be independently used within the public,...
The global dispersion of pathogenic microorganisms by dust storms and its relevance to agriculture
Cristina Gonzalez-Martin, Nuria Teigell-Perez, Basilio Valladares, Dale W. Griffin
2014, Book chapter, Advances in agronomy
Dust storms move an estimated 500–5000 Tg of soil through Earth’s atmosphere every year. Dust-storm transport of topsoils may have positive effects such as fertilization of aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems and the evolution of soils in proximal and distal environments. Negative effects may include the stripping of nutrient-rich topsoils from source...
Status of important prey fishes in the U.S. waters of Lake Ontario, 2013: Introduction and methods
Maureen Walsh, Brian Weidel, Michael J. Connerton
2014, NYSDEC Lake Ontario Annual Report 2013-12
Lake Ontario has a mean depth of 86 m (282 ft) and a maximum depth of 244 m (801 ft) (Herdendorf 1982). The southern, New York portion of the lake has the deepest water (Figure 1). In New York waters, about 67% of the lake is <160 m (525 ft)...
Status and trends in the Lake Superior fish community, 2013
Mark R. Vinson, Lori M. Evrard, Owen T. Gorman, Daniel L. Yule
2014, Report, Compiled reports to the Great Lakes Fishery Commission of the annual bottom trawl and acoustics surveys, 2013
In 2013, the Lake Superior fish community was sampled with daytime bottom trawls at 79 nearshore and 35 offshore locations. In the nearshore zone, a total of 23,432 individuals of 27 species or morphotypes were collected. Nearshore lakewide mean biomass was 5.5 kg ha-1, which was slightly higher than that...
Explanation of temporal clustering of tsunami sources using the epidemic-type aftershock sequence model
Eric L. Geist
2014, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (104) 2091-2103
Temporal clustering of tsunami sources is examined in terms of a branching process model. It previously was observed that there are more short interevent times between consecutive tsunami sources than expected from a stationary Poisson process. The epidemic‐type aftershock sequence (ETAS) branching process model is fitted to tsunami catalog events,...
Offset of latest pleistocene shoreface reveals slip rate on the Hosgri strike-slip fault, offshore central California
Samuel Y. Johnson, Stephen R. Hartwell, Peter Dartnell
2014, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (104) 1650-1662
The Hosgri fault is the southern part of the regional Hosgri–San Gregorio dextral strike‐slip fault system, which extends primarily in the offshore for about 400 km in central California. Between Morro Bay and San Simeon, high‐resolution multibeam bathymetry reveals that the eastern strand of the Hosgri fault is crossed by an...
A fresh liver agar substrate for rearing small numbers of forensically important blow flies (Diptera: Calliphoridae)
Susan V. Gruner, Daniel H. Slone
2014, Journal of Medical Entomology (51) 713-715
Forensically important calliphorids can be reared on a mixture of beef liver and agar. Small pieces of meat, especially fresh or frozen beef liver, will desiccate in 2–6 h, but this simple-to-make feeding substrate remains moist for at least 12 h at 25 and 30°C without desiccation, even in small...
