Evidence for fluid-triggered slip in the 2009 Mount Rainier, Washington earthquake swarm
David R. Shelly, Seth C. Moran, Weston A. Thelen
2013, Geophysical Research Letters (40) 1506-1512
A vigorous swarm of over 1000 small, shallow earthquakes occurred 20–22 September 2009 beneath Mount Rainier, Washington, including the largest number of events ever recorded in a single day at Rainier since seismic stations were installed on the edifice in 1989. Many events were only clearly recorded on one or...
Outcrop control of basin-scale underpressure in the Raton Basin, Colorado and New Mexico
P. H. Nelson, N.J. Gianoutsos, L. O. Anna
2013, Mountain Geologist (50) 37-63
Water temperatures in select nearshore environments of the Colorado River in Grand Canyon, Arizona, during the Low Steady Summer Flow experiment of 2000
William S. Vernieu, Craig R. Anderson
2013, Open-File Report 2013-1066
Water releases from Glen Canyon Dam, Arizona, are the primary determinant of streamflow, sediment transport, water quality, and aquatic and riparian habitat availability in the Colorado River downstream of the dam in Grand Canyon. The presence and operation of the dam have transformed the seasonally warm Colorado River into a...
Mount St. Helens, 1980 to now—what’s going on?
Daniel Dzurisin, Carolyn L. Driedger, Lisa M. Faust
2013, Fact Sheet 2013-3014, version 1.1
Mount St. Helens seized the world’s attention in 1980 when the largest historical landslide on Earth and a powerful explosive eruption reshaped the volcano, created its distinctive crater, and dramatically modified the surrounding landscape. An enormous lava dome grew episodically in the crater until 1986, when the volcano became relatively...
Salmonids, stream temperatures, and solar loading--modeling the shade provided to the Klamath River by vegetation and geomorphology
William M. Forney, Christopher E. Soulard, C. Christopher Chickadel
2013, Scientific Investigations Report 2013-5022
The U.S. Geological Survey is studying approaches to characterize the thermal regulation of water and the dynamics of cold water refugia. High temperatures have physiological impacts on anadromous fish species. Factors affecting the presence, variability, and quality of thermal refugia are known, such as riverine and watershed processes, hyporheic flows,...
A new data set for estimating organic carbon storage to 3 m depth in soils of the northern circumpolar permafrost region
G. Hugelius, James G. Bockheim, P. Camill, B. Elberling, G. Grosse, J.W. Harden, Kevin Johnson, T. Jorgenson, C.D. Koven, P. Kuhry, G. Michaelson, U. Mishra, J. Palmtag, C.-L. Ping, J. O'Donnell, L. Schirrmeister, E.A.G. Schuur, Y. Sheng, L.C. Smith, J. Strauss, Z. Yu
2013, Earth System Science Data (5) 393-402
High-latitude terrestrial ecosystems are key components in the global carbon cycle. The Northern Circumpolar Soil Carbon Database (NCSCD) was developed to quantify stocks of soil organic carbon (SOC) in the northern circumpolar permafrost region (a total area of 18.7 × 106 km2). The NCSCD is a geographical information system (GIS)...
Differential regulation of sodium-potassium pump isoforms during smolt development and seawater exposure of Atlantic salmon
Stephen D. McCormick, Amy M. Regish, Arne K. Christensen, Björn Thrandur Björnsson
2013, Journal of Experimental Biology (216) 1142-1151
Freshwater and seawater isoforms of the alpha subunit of Na+/K+-ATPase (NKA) have previously been identified in gill ionocytes of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar). In the present study we examine the abundance and cellular localization of these isoforms during the parr–smolt transformation, a developmental process that is preparatory for seawater entry....
Expression kinetics of key genes in the early innate immune response to Great Lakes viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus IVb infection in yellow perch (Perca flavescens)
Wendy Olson, Eveline Emmenegger, Jolene Glenn, Crystal Simchick, Jim Winton, Frederick Goetz
2013, Developmental and Comparative Immunology (41) 11-19
The recently discovered strain of viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus, VHSV-IVb, represents an example of the introduction of an extremely pathogenic rhabdovirus capable of infecting a wide variety of new fish species in a new host-environment. The goal of the present study was to delineate the expression kinetics of key genes...
Influence of temperature on viral hemorrhagic septicemia (Genogroup IVa) in Pacific herring, Clupea pallasii Valenciennes
P.K. Hershberger, M. K. Purcell, L.M. Hart, J.L. Gregg, R.L. Thompson, K.A. Garver, J. R. Winton
2013, Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology (444) 81-86
An inverse relationship between water temperature and susceptibility of Pacific herring (Clupea pallasii) to viral hemorrhagic septicemia, genogroup IVa (VHS) was indicated by controlled exposure studies where cumulative mortalities, viral shedding rates, and viral persistence in survivors were greatest at the coolest exposure temperatures. Among groups of specific pathogen-free (SPF)...
Landsat ecosystem disturbance adaptive processing system (LEDAPS) algorithm description
Gail Schmidt, Calli B. Jenkerson, Jeffrey Masek, Eric Vermote, Feng Gao
2013, Open-File Report 2013-1057
The Landsat Ecosystem Disturbance Adaptive Processing System (LEDAPS) software was originally developed by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration–Goddard Space Flight Center and the University of Maryland to produce top-of-atmosphere reflectance from LandsatThematic Mapper and Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus Level 1 digital numbers and to apply atmospheric corrections to generate...
Differential mercury transfer in the aquatic food web of a double basined lake associated with selenium and habitat
Marina Arcagni, Linda Campbell, Maria A. Arribere, Mark Marvin-DiPasquale, Andrea Rizzo, Sergio Ribeiro Guevara
2013, Science of the Total Environment (454-455) 170-180
Food web trophodynamics of total mercury (THg) and selenium (Se) were assessed for the double-basined ultraoligotrophic system of Lake Moreno, Patagonia. Each basin has differing proportions of littoral and pelagic habitats, thereby providing an opportunity to assess the importance of habitat (e.g. food web structure or benthic MeHg production) in...
Bench-top validation testing of selected immunological and molecular Renibacterium salmoninarum diagnostic assays by comparison with quantitative bacteriological culture
D.G. Elliott, L.J. Applegate, A.L. Murray, M. K. Purcell, C.L. McKibben
2013, Journal of Fish Diseases (36) 779-809
No gold standard assay exhibiting error-free classification of results has been identified for detection of Renibacterium salmoninarum, the causative agent of salmonid bacterial kidney disease. Validation of diagnostic assays for R. salmoninarum has been hindered by its unique characteristics and biology, and difficulties in locating suitable populations of reference test animals....
Detecting unfrozen sediments below thermokarst lakes with surface nuclear magnetic resonance
Andrew D. Parsekian, Guido Grosse, Jan O. Walbrecker, Mike Muller-Petke, Kristina Keating, Lin Liu, Benjamin M. Jones, Rosemary Knight
2013, Geophysical Research Letters (40) 535-540
A talik is a layer or body of unfrozen ground that occurs in permafrost due to an anomaly in thermal, hydrological, or hydrochemical conditions. Information about talik geometry is important for understanding regional surface water and groundwater interactions as well as sublacustrine methane production in thermokarst lakes. Due to the...
Numerical simulation of groundwater and surface-water interactions in the Big River Management Area, central Rhode Island
John P. Masterson, Gregory E. Granato
2013, Scientific Investigations Report 2012-5077
The Rhode Island Water Resources Board is considering use of groundwater resources from the Big River Management Area in central Rhode Island because increasing water demands in Rhode Island may exceed the capacity of current sources. Previous water-resources investigations in this glacially derived, valley-fill aquifer system have focused primarily on...
Development and evaluation of a bioenergetics model for bull trout
Matthew G. Mesa, Lisa K. Welland, Helena E. Christiansen, Sally T. Sauter, David A. Beauchamp
2013, Transactions of the American Fisheries Society (142) 41-49
We conducted laboratory experiments to parameterize a bioenergetics model for wild Bull Trout Salvelinus confluentus, estimating the effects of body mass (12–1,117 g) and temperature (3–20°C) on maximum consumption (C max) and standard metabolic rates. The temperature associated with the highest C max was 16°C, and C max showed the...
Tidal flow dynamics and background fluorescence of the Atlantic Intracoastal Waterway in the vicinity of Sullivan’s Island and the Isle of Palms, South Carolina, 2011-12
Paul Conrads, Celeste A. Journey, Jimmy M. Clark, Victor A. Levesque
2013, Open-File Report 2013-1077
To effectively plan site-specific studies to understand the connection between wastewater effluent and shellfish beds, data are needed concerning flow dynamics and background fluorescence in the Atlantic Intracoastal Waterway near the effluent outfalls on Sullivan’s Island and the Isle of Palms. Tidal flows were computed by the U.S. Geological Survey...
Estimating floodplain sedimentation in the Laguna de Santa Rosa, Sonoma County, CA
Jennifer A. Curtis, Lorraine E. Flint, Cliff R. Hupp
2013, Wetlands (33) 29-45
We present a conceptual and analytical framework for predicting the spatial distribution of floodplain sedimentation for the Laguna de Santa Rosa, Sonoma County, CA. We assess the role of the floodplain as a sink for fine-grained sediment and investigate concerns regarding the potential loss of flood storage capacity due to...
Developing a new stream metric for comparing stream function using a bank-floodplain sediment budget: a case study of three Piedmont streams
Edward R. Schenk, Cliff R. Hupp, Allen Gellis, Greg Noe
2013, Earth Surface Processes and Landforms (38) 771-784
A bank and floodplain sediment budget was created for three Piedmont streams tributary to the Chesapeake Bay. The watersheds of each stream varied in land use from urban (Difficult Run) to urbanizing (Little Conestoga Creek) to agricultural (Linganore Creek). The purpose of the study was to determine the relation between...
Radiometric cross-calibration of EO-1 ALI with L7 ETM+ and Terra MODIS sensors using near-simultaneous desert observations
Gyanesh Chander, Amit Angal, Taeyoung Choi, Xiaoxiong Xiong
2013, IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing (6) 386-399
The Earth Observing-1 (EO-1) satellite was launched on November 21, 2000, as part of a one-year technology demonstration mission. The mission was extended because of the value it continued to add to the scientific community. EO-1 has now been operational for more than a decade, providing both multispectral and hyperspectral...
Comparative susceptibility among three stocks of yellow perch, Perca flavescens (Mitchill), to viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus strain IVb from the Great Lakes
W. Olson, E. Emmenegger, J. Glenn, J. Winton, F. Goetz
2013, Journal of Fish Diseases (36) 711-719
The Great Lakes strain of viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus IVb (VHSV-IVb) is capable of infecting a wide number of naive species and has been associated with large fish kills in the Midwestern United States since its discovery in 2005. The yellow perch, Perca flavescens (Mitchill), a freshwater species commonly found throughout inland...
Spatial segregation of spawning habitat limits hybridization between sympatric native Steelhead and Coastal Cutthroat Trout
T.W. Buehrens, J. Glasgow, Carl O. Ostberg, T.P. Quinn
2013, Transactions of the American Fisheries Society (142) 221-233
Native Coastal Cutthroat Trout Oncorhynchus clarkii clarkii and Coastal Steelhead O. mykiss irideus hybridize naturally in watersheds of the Pacific Northwest yet maintain species integrity. Partial reproductive isolation due to differences in spawning habitat may limit hybridization between these species, but this process is poorly understood. We used a riverscape approach to determine the...
Emergence of MD type infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus in Washington State coastal steelhead trout
Rachel Breyta, Amelia Jones, Bruce Stewart, Ray Brunson, Joan Thomas, John Kerwin, Jim Bertolini, Sonia Mumford, Chris Patterson, Gael Kurath
2013, Diseases of Aquatic Organisms (104) 179-195
Infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV) occurs in North America as 3 major phylogenetic groups designated U, M, and L. In coastal Washington State, IHNV has historically consisted of U genogroup viruses found predominantly in sockeye salmon Oncorhynchus nerka. M genogroup IHNV, which has host-specific virulence for rainbow and steelhead...
Effects of currents and tides on fine-scale use of marine bird habitats in a Southeast Alaska hotspot
Gary S. Drew, John F. Piatt, David J. Hill
2013, MEPS (487) 275-286
Areas with high species richness have become focal points in the establishment of marine protected areas, but an understanding of the factors that support this diversity is still incomplete. In coastal areas, tidal currents—modulated by bathymetry and manifested in variable speeds—are a dominant physical feature of the environment. However, difficulties...
Groundwater and surface-water interactions near White Bear Lake, Minnesota, through 2011
Perry M. Jones, Jared J. Trost, Donald O. Rosenberry, P. Ryan Jackson, Jenifer A. Bode, Ryan M. O’Grady
2013, Scientific Investigations Report 2013-5044
The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the White Bear Lake Conservation District, the Minnesota Pollution Control Agency, the Minnesota Department of Natural Resources, and other State, county, municipal, and regional planning agencies, watershed organizations, and private organizations, conducted a study to characterize groundwater and surface-water interactions near White Bear...
Comparing rapid and culture indicator bacteria methods at inland lake beaches
Donna S. Francy, Rebecca N. Bushon, Amie M. G. Brady, Christopher M. Kephart
2013, Lake and Reservoir Management (29) 99-102
A rapid method, quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), for quantifying indicator bacteria in recreational waters is desirable for public health protection. We report that replacing current Escherichia coli standards with new US Environmental Protection Agency beach action values (BAVs) for enterococci by culture or qPCR may result in more advisories...
