Premigrational movements and behavior of young mallards and wood ducks in north-central Minnesota
R.E. Kirby, L.M. Cowardin, J.R. Tester
1989, Fish and Wildlife Research 5
Movements and behavior of 89 young mallards (Anas platyrhynchos) and 48 young wood ducks (Aix sponsa) were monitored on a 932-km2 study area in north-central Minnesota in late summer and fall, 1972-74, with telemetry, visual observation, and aerial surveys. Initial flights of both species were confined to the natal (brood)...
Selected ground-water data, Chester County, Pennsylvania
Ronald A. Sloto
1989, Open-File Report 87-217
Hydrologic data for Chester County, Pennsylvania are given for 3,010 wells and 32 springs. Water levels are given for 48 observation wells measured monthly during 1936-86. Chemical analyses of ground water are given for major ions, physical properties, nutrients, metals and other trace constituents, volatile organic compounds, acid organic compounds,...
Development of a benthic invertebrate objective for mesotrophic Great Lakes waters
Trefor B. Reynoldson, Donald W. Schloesser, Bruce A. Manny
1989, Journal of Great Lakes Research (15) 669-686
A biological indicator of mesotrophic conditions should (1) provide an appropriate and interpretable objective; (2) be achievable if corrective measures are taken (i.e., it should be within the expected environmental range of the system); and (3) allow measurement of progress toward the objective. Historical data from the Great Lakes suggest...
The prediction of aquatic sediment-associated trace element concentration using selected geochemical factors
A. J. Horowitz, K. A. Elrick, R. P. Hooper
1989, Hydrological Processes (3) 347-364
Multiple linear regression models calculated from readily obtainable chemical and physical parameters can explain a high percentage (70 per cent or greater) of observed sediment-trace element variance for Cu, Zn, Pb, Cr, Ni, Co, As, Sb, Se, and Hg in a widely divergent suite of...
Geologic implications of topographic, gravity, and aeromagnetic data in the northern Yukon-Koyukuk province and its borderlands, Alaska
J. W. Cady
1989, Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth (94) 15821-15841
The northern Yukon-Koyukuk province is characterized by low elevation and high Bouguer gravity and aeromagnetic anomalies in contrast to the adjacent Brooks Range and Ruby geanticline. Using newly compiled digital topographic, gravity, and aeromagnetic maps, I have divided the province into three geophysical domains. The Koyukuk domain, which is nearly...
Porosity development in coastal carbonate aquifers
W. E. Sanford, Leonard F. Konikow
1989, Geology (17) 249-252
Geochemical mixing theory suggests that the mixing of seawater and calcite-saturated fresh ground water can result in a solution that is undersaturated with respect to calcite. Previous studies of the mixing of such waters in carbonate rocks along certain coastlines have indicated that...
Techniques for shipboard surveys of marine birds
Patrick J. Gould, Douglas J. Forsell
1989, Fish and Wildlife Technical Report 25
We describe shipboard and small boat techniques used by the US Fish and Wildlife Service in Alaska to survey marine birds at sea. The basis is a 10-min, 300-m-wide, strip transect taken from a platform moving at a constant speed in a constant direction. Special routines, such as instantaneous counts...
Nearshore bars and the break-point hypothesis
A. H. Sallenger Jr., Peter A. Howd
1989, Coastal Engineering (12) 301-313
The set of hypotheses calling for bar formation at the break point was tested with field data. During two different experiments, waves were measured across the surf zone coincident with the development of a nearshore bar. We use a criterion, based on the wave height to depth ratio, to determine...
Comparison of methods for estimating flood magnitudes on small streams in Georgia
Glen W. Hess, McGlone Price
1989, Water Resources Bulletin (25) 149-154
The U.S. Geological Survey has collected flood data for small, natural streams at many sites throughout Georgia during the past 20 years. Flood-frequency relations were developed for these data using four methods: (1) observed (log-Pearson Type III analysis) data, (2) rainfall-runoff model, (3) regional regression equations, and (4) map-model combination....
Evidence for an Early Archean component in the Middle to Late Archean gneisses of the Wind River Range, west-central Wyoming: conventional and ion microprobe U-Pb data
J. N. Aleinikoff, I.S. Williams, W. Compston, J. S. Stuckless, R. G. Worl
1989, Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology (101) 198-206
Gneissic rocks that are basement to the Late Archean granites comprising much of the Wind River Range, west-central Wyoming, have been dated by the zircon U-Pb method using both conventional and ion microprobe techniques. A foliated hornblende granite gneiss member from the southern border of the Bridger batholith is 2670??13...
Improved dating of the Pliocene of the eastern South Atlantic using graphic correlation: implications for paleobiogeography and paleoceanography
H.J. Dowsett
1989, Micropaleontology (35) 279-292
Graphic correlation of foraminifer and nannofossil events establishes a high resolution chronology for the Pliocene at Deep Sea Drilling Project Site 532. Coarsely sampled magnetic inclination data are reinterpreted to indicate a complete Pliocene section. The age model suggests mean accumulation rates of 9.5 cm 10-3 yr for the first...
The relationship of catchment topography and soil hydraulic characteristics to lake alkalinity in the northeastern United States
D.M. Wolock, G.M. Hornberger, K.J. Beven, W.G. Campbell
1989, Water Resources Research (25) 829-837
We undertook the task of determining whether base flow alkalinity of surface waters in the northeastern United States is related to indices of soil contact time and flow path partitioning that are derived from topographic and soils information. The influence of topography and soils on catchment hydrology has been incorporated...
Circular convection during subsurface injection of liquid waste, St. Petersburg, Florida
John J. Hickey
1989, Water Resources Research (25) 1481-1494
Injection of liquid waste into a highly transmissive, saltwater-bearing, fractured dolomite underlying the city of St. Petersburg, Florida, provided an opportunity to study density-dependent flow associated with two miscible and density-different liquids. The injection zone was 98 m thick with a radial hydraulic conductivity of 762 m/d and a vertical...
Spectroscopic evidence for organic diacid complexation with dissolved silica in aqueous systems—I. Oxalic acid
N.A. Marley, P. Bennett, D.R. Janecky, J.S. Gaffney
1989, Organic Geochemistry (14) 525-528
Increased solubility of quartz and mobilization in contaminated groundwater due to the complexation with dissolved organic acids has been recently proposed [Bennett and Siegel, Nature326, 684–686 (1987)]. Using laser Raman and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopies, we have examined mixed solutions of oxalic and silicic acids at near neutral pH in...
Estimating carcass fat and protein in northern pintails during the nonbreeding season
Michael R. Miller
1989, Journal of Wildlife Management (53) 123-129
I used northern pintails (Anas acuta) collected from August through March 1979-82 in the Sacramento Valley, California to derive equations to predict ether-extracted carcass fat, carcass protein, and skeletal lean dry weight. Ether-extracted carcass fat was best predicted by total fat depot weight (wet skin, abdominal fat, and intestinal fat)...
An attempt to obtain a detailed declination chart from the United States magnetic anomaly map
L.R. Alldredge
1989, Journal of Geomagnetism & Geoelectricity (41) 549-563
Modern declination charts of the United States show almost no details. Greater detail may be of value to surveyors trying to follow old land deed descriptions, or to pilots of small planes or small pleasure boats operating in inland waterways. It would be extremely expensive to make adequate...
Shaded relief map of US topography from digital elevations
R.J. Pike, G.P. Thelin
1989, Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union (70) 843-853
Much geologic and geophysical information that lies encoded within land surface form can be revealed by image processing large files of digitized elevations in fast machines and mapping the results. This convergence of computers, analytic software, data, and output devices has created exciting opportunities for automating...
Manganese oxidation model for rivers
Glen W. Hess, Byung R. Kim, Philip J.W. Roberts
1989, Water Resources Bulletin (25) 359-365
The presence of manganese in natural waters (>0.05 mg/L) degrades water-supply quality. A model was devised to predict the variation of manganese concentrations in river water released from an impoundment with the distance downstream. The model is one-dimensional and was calibrated using dissolved oxygen, biochemical oxygen demand, pH, manganese, and...
Characterization of coal-derived hydrocarbons and source-rock potential of coal beds, San Juan Basin, New Mexico and Colorado, U.S.A.
D. D. Rice, J.L. Clayton, M. J. Pawlewicz
1989, International Journal of Coal Geology (13) 597-626
Coal beds are considered to be a major source of nonassociated gas in the Rocky Mountain basins of the United States. In the San Juan basin of northwestern New Mexico and southwestern Colorado, significant quantities of natural gas are being produced...
A macrophyte submodel for aquatic ecosystems
Carol Desormeau Collins, Joseph H. Wlosinski
1989, Aquatic Botany (33) 191-206
A macrophyte submodel has been incorporated and tested in CE-QUAL-R1, a one-dimensional, vertically averaged model of reservoir water quality. A quasi two-dimensional scheme was necessary to represent the spatial relationship of macrophytes in reservoirs adequately. The macrophyte processes modeled were photosynthesis, dark respiration, excretion and nonpredatory mortality. Process equations for...
Estimating urban flood-frequency characteristics
M.E. Jennings, J.B. Atkins, E. J. Inman
1989, Conference Paper
Methods in use by the U.S. Geological Survey to estimate flood-frequency characteristics for urban watersheds are compared with estimates based on the Soil Conservation Service TR-55 model. Data from four small urban watersheds in Georgia are used in the flood-peak and hydrograph comparisons....
Water balance at a low-level radioactive-waste disposal site
R. W. Healy, J. R. Gray, G. M. De Vries, P. C. Mills
1989, Water Resources Bulletin (25) 381-390
The water balance at a low-level radioactive-waste disposal site in northwestern Illinois was studied from July 1982 through June 1984. Continuous data collection allowed estimates to be made for each component of the water-balance equation independent of other components. The average annual precipitation was 948 millimeters. Average annual evapotranspiration was...
Processing and attenuation of noise in deep seismic-reflection data from the Gulf of Maine
D. R. Hutchinson, Myung W. Lee
1989, Marine Geophysical Research (11) 51-67
The U.S. Geological Survey deep crustal studies reflection profile across the Gulf of Maine off southeastern New England was affected by three sources of noise: side-scattered noise, multiples, and 20-Hz whale sounds. The special processing most effective in minimizing this noise consisted of a combination of frequency-wavenumber (F-K) filtering, predictive...
100 years of sedimentation study by the USGS
G. Douglas Glysson
1989, Conference Paper
On January 15, 1889, the U.S. Geological Survey began collecting sediment data on the Rio Grande at Embudo, New Mexico. During the past 100 years the U.S. Geological Survey's Water Resources Division (WRD) has collected daily sediment data at more than 1,200 sites. Projects have addressed the problems associated with...
Extracting spectral contrast in Landsat Thematic Mapper image data using selective principal component analysis
P.S. Chavez Jr., Andy Y. Kwarteng
1989, Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing (55) 339-348
A challenge encountered with Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) data, which includes data from size reflective spectral bands, is displaying as much information as possible in a three-image set for color compositing or digital analysis. Principal component analysis (PCA) applied to the six TM bands simultaneously is often used to address...
