Juan de Fuca slab geometry and its relation to Wadati-Benioff zone seismicity
Patricia A. McCrory, J. Luke Blair, Felix Waldhause, David H. Oppenheimer
2012, Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth (117)
A new model of the subducted Juan de Fuca plate beneath western North America allows first-order correlations between the occurrence of Wadati-Benioff zone earthquakes and slab geometry, temperature, and hydration state. The geo-referenced 3D model, constructed from weighted control points, integrates depth information from earthquake locations and regional seismic velocity...
Atlas of relations between climatic parameters and distributions of important trees and shrubs in North America—Modern data for climatic estimation from vegetation inventories
Robert S. Thompson, Katherine H. Anderson, Richard T. Pelltier, Laura E. Strickland, Sarah L. Shafer, Patrick J. Bartlein
2012, Professional Paper 1650-F
Vegetation inventories (plant taxa present in a vegetation assemblage at a given site) can be used to estimate climatic parameters based on the identification of the range of a given parameter where all taxa in an assemblage overlap ("Mutual Climatic Range"). For the reconstruction of past climates from fossil or...
Testing for genetic differences in survival and growth between hatchery and wild Chinook salmon from Warm Springs River, Oregon (Study sites: Warm Springs Hatchery and Little White Salmon River; Stocks: Warm Springs hatchery and Warm Springs River wild; Year classes: 1992 and 1996)
Stephen P. Rubin, Reginald R. Reisenbichler, Lisa A. Wetzel, Frank Leonetti Frank
Stephen P. Rubin, Reginald R. Reisenbichler, Lisa A. Wetzel, Michael C. Hayes, editor(s)
2012, Book chapter, Genetic differences in growth, migration, and survival between hatchery and wild steelhead and Chinook salmon: Final report. Performance period: June 1991 to December 2005
The program at Warm Springs National Fish Hatchery in north - central Oregon was initiated with spring Chinook salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha from the Warm Springs River. Managers included wild fish in the broodstock most years and avoided artificial selection to minimize genetic divergence from the wild founder population. We...
Effect of size of unfed fry at release on survival and growth of juvenile steelhead in streams and a hatchery (Study sites: Dworshak Hatchery, Silver Creek, and Twenty-Mile Creek; Stock: Dworshak hatchery; Year classes: 1996 and 1999)
Stephen P. Rubin, Reginald R. Reisenbichler, Lisa A. Wetzel, Karl D. Stenberg
Stephen P. Rubin, Reginald R. Reisenbichler, Lisa A. Wetzel, Michael C. Hayes, editor(s)
2012, Report, Genetic differences in growth, migration, and survival between hatchery and wild steelhead and Chinook salmon: Final report. Performance period: June 1991 to December 2005
We tested whether differences in size of unfed fry at release affected survival and growth of juvenile steelhead Oncorhynchus mykiss in hatchery ponds and streams. Differences in fry size were produced by selecting and spawning females that differed in the mean size of their eggs. Experiments were initiated in 1996...
Effect of developmental stage of unfed fry on survival and growth of steelhead released in a stream and hatchery ponds (Study sites: Dworshak Hatchery and North Fork Palouse River; Stock: Dworshak hatchery; Year class: 1996)
Stephen P. Rubin, Reginald R. Reisenbichler, Lisa A. Wetzel, Karl D. Stenberg
Stephen P. Rubin, Reginald R. Reisenbichler, Lisa A. Wetzel, Michael C. Hayes, editor(s)
2012, Book chapter, Genetic differences in growth, migration, and survival between hatchery and wild steelhead and Chinook salmon: Final report. Performance period: June 1991 to December 2005
We tested whether differences in developmental stage of unfed fry at release affected subsequent survival and growth of steelhead Oncorhynchus mykiss in a stream and hatchery ponds. Differences in development were created by artificially spawning hatchery steelhead from the Clearwater River, Idaho, and incubating their progeny at three different temperatures...
Effect of incubation temperature on post-embryonic survival and growth of steelhead in a natural stream and a hatchery (Study sites: Dworshak Hatchery and North Fork Palouse River; Stocks: Dworshak hatchery; Year classes: 1994 and 1995)
Stephen P. Rubin, Reginald R. Reisenbichler, Lisa A. Wetzel, Karl D. Stenberg, Bruce M. Baker
Stephen P. Rubin, Reginald R. Reisenbichler, Lisa A. Wetzel, Michael C. Hayes, editor(s)
2012, Book chapter, Genetic differences in growth, migration, and survival between hatchery and wild steelhead and Chinook salmon: Final report. Performance period: June 1991 to December 2005
We tested whether varying incubation temperatures to match development between embryos from different spawning dates affected survival and growth of unfed steelhead Oncorhynchus mykiss fry released in a stream and in hatchery ponds. Hatchery steelhead returning to the Clearwater River, Idaho were artificially spawned on two dates separated by...
Genetic differences between hatchery and wild steelhead for survival, growth, dispersal, and male maturation in a natural stream (Study site: Twenty-Mile Creek; Stocks: Dworshak hatchery and Selway River wild; Year classes: 1994 and 1995)
Stephen P. Rubin, Reginald R. Reisenbichler, Jay E. Hensleigh, Lisa A. Wetzel, Bruce M. Baker, Frank Leonetti Frank, Karl D. Stenberg, Stacey L. Slatton
Stephen P. Rubin, Reginald R. Reisenbichler, Lisa A. Wetzel, Michael C. Hayes, editor(s)
2012, Report, Genetic differences in growth, migration, and survival between hatchery and wild steelhead and Chinook salmon: Final report. Performance period: June 1991 to December 2005
This study was initiated in the early 1990s to provide managers with data comparing genetic fitness for natural rearing, as measured by survival of juveniles in freshwater, between steelhead Oncorhynchus mykiss from Dworshak National Fish Hatchery and wild steelhead from the Clearwater River, Idaho. We artificially spawned hatchery steelhead and...
Genetic differences between hatchery and wild steelhead for growth and survival in the hatchery and seaward migration after release (Study sites: Dworshak Hatchery and Clearwater Hatchery; Stocks: Dworshak hatchery and Selway River wild; Year classes: 1994 and 1995)
Stephen P. Rubin, Reginald R. Reisenbichler, Jay E. Hensleigh, Lisa A. Wetzel, Bruce M. Baker
Stephen P. Rubin, Reginald R. Reisenbichler, Lisa A. Wetzel, Michael C. Hayes, editor(s)
2012, Book chapter, Genetic differences in growth, migration, and survival between hatchery and wild steelhead and Chinook salmon: Final report. Performance period: June 1991 to December 2005
Various studies suggest that sea ranching of anadromous salmonids can result in domestication (increased fitness in the hatchery program) and a loss of fitness for natural production; however, the mechanism has not been characterized adequately. We artificially spawned hatchery and wild steelhead Oncorhynchus mykiss from the Clearwater River, Idaho, reared...
Differences in survival and growth in hatchery and stream environments, and in maturation of residuls in a stream, between progeny of hatchery and wild steelhead (Study sites: Brushy Fork Creek and Dworshak Hatchery; Stocks:Dworshak hatchery and Fish Creek wild; Year classes: 1992 and 1993)
Stephen P. Rubin, Reginald R. Reisenbichler, Lisa Wetzel, Jay E. Hensleigh, Frank Leonetti Frank, Bruce M. Baker, Stacey L. Slatton, Karl D. Stenberg
Stephen P. Rubin, Reginald R. Reisenbichler, Lisa A. Wetzel, Michael C. Hayes, editor(s)
2012, Book chapter, Genetic differences in growth, migration, and survival between hatchery and wild steelhead and Chinook salmon: Final report. Performance period: June 1991 to December 2005
Freshwater survival in hatchery and natural rearing environments was compared between progeny of hatchery (H) and wild (W) steelhead Oncorhynchus mykiss from the Clearwater River drainage in Idaho. Adults from Dworshak National Fish Hatchery and wild adults from Fish Creek fish were artificially spawned, and their progeny were genetically marked...
Real-time forecasting of the April 11, 2012 Sumatra tsunami
Dailin Wang, Nathan C. Becker, David Walsh, Gerard J. Fryer, Stuart A. Weinstein, Charles S. McCreery, and others
2012, Geophysical Research Letters (39)
The April 11, 2012, magnitude 8.6 earthquake off the northern coast of Sumatra generated a tsunami that was recorded at sea-level stations as far as 4800 km from the epicenter and at four ocean bottom pressure sensors (DARTs) in the Indian Ocean. The governments of India, Indonesia, Sri Lanka, Thailand,...
Uncovering the nonadiabatic response of geosynchronous electrons to geomagnetic disturbance
Jennifer Gannon, Scot R. Elkington, Terrance G. Onsager
2012, Journal of Geophysical Research (117)
We describe an energy spectrum method for scaling electron integral flux, which is measured at a constant energy, to phase space density at a constant value of the first adiabatic invariant which removes much of the variation due to reversible adiabatic effects. Applying this method to nearly a solar cycle...
Stoichiometric patterns in foliar nutrient resorption across multiple scales
Sasha C. Reed, Alan R. Townsend, Eric A. Davidson, Cory C. Cleveland
2012, New Phytologist (196) 173-180
*Nutrient resorption is a fundamental process through which plants withdraw nutrients from leaves before abscission. Nutrient resorption patterns have the potential to reflect gradients in plant nutrient limitation and to affect a suite of terrestrial ecosystem functions. *Here, we used a stoichiometric approach to assess patterns in foliar resorption at a...
Geologic map of the east half of the Bellevue South 7.5' x 15' quadrangle, Issaquah area, King County, Washington
Derek B. Booth, Timothy J. Walsh, Kathy Goetz-Troost, Scott A. Shimel
2012, Scientific Investigations Map 3211
The Issaquah area includes several of the most outstanding geologic features of the eastern Puget Lowland region. Folds have warped thousands of meters of Tertiary sedimentary and volcanic rocks. Several hundred meters of both glacial and postglacial sediment have accumulated in a deep glacial trough, which is now partly occupied...
Evaluation of simulations to understand effects of groundwater development and artificial recharge on the surface water and riparian vegetation Sierra Vista subwatershed, Upper San Pedro Basin, Arizona
Stanley A. Leake, Bruce Gungle
2012, Open-File Report 2012-1206
In 2007, the U.S. Geological Survey documented a five-layer groundwater flow model of the Sierra Vista and Sonoran subwatersheds of the Upper San Pedro Basin. The model has been applied by a private consultant to evaluate the effects of projected groundwater pumping through 2105 and effects of artificial recharge at...
Determining the source and genetic fingerprint of natural gases using noble gas geochemistry: a northern Appalachian Basin case study
Andrew G. Hunt, Thomas H. Darrah, Robert J. Poreda
2012, AAPG Bulletin (96) 1785-1811
Silurian and Devonian natural gas reservoirs present within New York state represent an example of unconventional gas accumulations within the northern Appalachian Basin. These unconventional energy resources, previously thought to be noneconomically viable, have come into play following advances in drilling (i.e., horizontal drilling) and extraction (i.e., hydraulic fracturing) capabilities....
Models, validation, and applied geochemistry: Issues in science, communication, and philosophy
D. Kirk Nordstrom
2012, Applied Geochemistry (27) 1899-1919
Models have become so fashionable that many scientists and engineers cannot imagine working without them. The predominant use of computer codes to execute model calculations has blurred the distinction between code and model. The recent controversy regarding model validation has brought into question what we mean by a ‘model’ and...
Temperature as a potent driver of regional forest drought stress and tree mortality
A. Park Williams, Craig D. Allen, Alison K. Macalady, Daniel Griffin, Connie A. Woodhouse, David M. Meko, Thomas W. Swetnam, Sara A. Rauscher, Richard Seager, Henri D. Grissino-Mayer, Jeffrey S. Dean, Edward R. Cook, Chandana Gangodagamage, Michael Cai, Nathan G. McDowell
2012, Nature Climate Change (3) 292-297
s the climate changes, drought may reduce tree productivity and survival across many forest ecosystems; however, the relative influence of specific climate parameters on forest decline is poorly understood. We derive a forest drought-stress index (FDSI) for the southwestern United States using a comprehensive tree-ring data set representing AD 1000-2007....
Scenarios of land use and land cover change in the conterminous United States: Utilizing the special report on emission scenarios at ecoregional scales
Benjamin M. Sleeter, Terry L. Sohl, Michelle A. Bouchard, Ryan R. Reker, Christopher E. Soulard, William Acevedo, Glenn E. Griffith, Rachel R. Sleeter, Roger F. Auch, Kristi Sayler, Stephen Prisley, Zhi-Liang Zhu
2012, Global Environmental Change (22) 896-914
Global environmental change scenarios have typically provided projections of land use and land cover for a relatively small number of regions or using a relatively coarse resolution spatial grid, and for only a few major sectors. The coarseness of global projections, in both spatial and thematic dimensions, often limits their...
Thresholds for short-term acid and aluminum impacts on Atlantic salmon smolts
Stephen D. McCormick, Darrren T. Lerner, Amy M. Regish, Michael F. O’Dea, Michelle Y. Monette
2012, Aquaculture (362-363) 224-231
Although the negative effects of acid and aluminum (Al) on smolt development have been known for some time, the thresholds for impact of short-term exposure of several days that may occur during episodic acidification have not been systematically examined. In order to determine the levels of acid and Al that...
Role of remote sensing for land-use and land-cover change modeling
Terry Sohl, Benjamin M. Sleeter
2012, Book chapter, Remote sensing of land use and land cover
As the impacts of land-use and land-cover (LULC) change on carbon dynamics, climate change, hydrology, and biodiversity have been recognized, modeling of this transformational force has become increasingly important. Given the wide variety of applications that rely on the availability of LULC projections, modeling approaches have originated from a variety...
To burn or not to burn Oriental bittersweet: A fire manager's conundrum
Stacey A. Leicht-Young, Noel B. Pavlovic, Ralph Grundel, Scott A. Weyenberg, Neal Mulconrey
2012, Report
Oriental bittersweet (Celastrus orbiculatus) is an introduced liana (woody vine) that has invaded much of the Eastern United States and is expanding west into the Great Plains. In forests, it can girdle and damage canopy trees. At Indiana Dunes, we have discovered that it is invading non-forested dune habitats as...
Toxicity, sublethal effects, and potential modes of action of select fungicides on freshwater fish and invertebrates
Adria A. Elskus
2012, Open-File Report 2012-1213
Despite decades of agricultural and urban use of fungicides and widespread detection of these pesticides in surface waters, relatively few data are available on the effects of fungicides on fish and invertebrates in the aquatic environment. Nine fungicides are reviewed in this report: azoxystrobin, boscalid, chlorothalonil, fludioxonil, myclobutanil, fenarimol, pyraclostrobin,...
Using integrated research and interdisciplinary science: Potential benefits and challenges to managers of parks and protected areas
Charles van Riper III, Robert B. Powell, Gary Machlis, Jan W. van Wagtendonk, Carena J. van Riper, Eick von Ruschkowski, Steven E. Schwarzbach, Russell E. Galipeau
2012, The George Wright Forum (29) 216-226
Our purpose in this paper is to build a case for utilizing interdisciplinary science to enhance the management of parks and protected areas. We suggest that interdisciplinary science is necessary for dealing with the complex issues of contemporary resource management, and that using the best available integrated scientific information be...
Changes in sources and storage in a karst aquifer during a transition from drought to wet conditions
C.I. Wong, B.J. Mahler, M. Musgrove, J.L. Banner
2012, Journal of Hydrology (468-469) 159-172
Understanding the sources and processes that control groundwater compositions and the timing and magnitude of groundwater vulnerability to potential surface-water contamination under varying meteorologic conditions is critical to informing groundwater protection policies and practices. This is especially true in karst terrains, where infiltrating surface water can rapidly affect groundwater quality....
Detection of tamarisk defoliation by the northern tamarisk beetle based on multitemporal Landsat 5 thematic mapper imagery
Ran Meng, Philip E. Dennison, Levi R. Jamison, Charles van Riper III, Pamela Nager, Kevin R. Hultine, Dan W. Bean, Tom Dudley
2012, GIScience and Remote Sensing (49) 510-537
The spread of tamarisk (Tamarix spp., also known as saltcedar) is a significant ecological disturbance in western North America and has long been targeted for control, leading to the importation of the northern tamarisk beetle (Diorhabda carinulata) as a biological control agent. Following its initial release along the Colorado River...
