Mineralogy and environmental geochemistry of historical iron slag, Hopewell Furnace National Historic Site, Pennsylvania, USA
Nadine M. Piatak, Robert R. Seal
2012, Applied Geochemistry (27) 623-643
The Hopewell Furnace National Historic Site in southeastern Pennsylvania, which features an Fe smelter that was operational in the 18th and 19th centuries, is dominated by three slag piles. Pile 1 slag, from the Hopewell Furnace, and pile 2 slag, likely from the nearby Cornwall Furnace, were both produced...
Status of pelagic prey fishes in Lake Michigan, 2012
David M. Warner, Timothy P. O’Brien, Steve A. Farha, Randall M. Claramunt, Dale Hanson
2012, Report
Acoustic surveys were conducted in late summer/early fall during the years 1992-1996 and 2001-2012 to estimate pelagic prey fish biomass in Lake Michigan. Midwater trawling during the surveys as well as target strength provided a measure of species and size composition of the fish community for use in scaling acoustic...
Status and trends of prey fish populations in Lake Michigan, 2012
David B. Bunnell, Charles P. Madenjian, Timothy J. Desorcie, Melissa Jean Kostich, Kelley Smith, Jean V. Adams
2012, Report
The U.S. Geological Survey Great Lakes Science Center has conducted lake-wide surveys of the fish community in Lake Michigan each fall since 1973 using standard 12-m bottom trawls towed along contour at depths of 9 to 110 m at each of seven index transects. The resulting data on relative abundance,...
Environmental and medical geochemistry in urban disaster response and preparedness
Geoffrey S. Plumlee, Suzette A. Morman, A. Cook
2012, Elements (8) 451-457
History abounds with accounts of cities that were destroyed or significantly damaged by natural or anthropogenic disasters, such as volcanic eruptions, earthquakes, wildland–urban wildfires, hurricanes, tsunamis, floods, urban firestorms, terrorist attacks, and armed conflicts. Burgeoning megacities place ever more people in the way of harm from future disasters. In addition...
Pyrite–sulfosalt reactions and semimetal fractionation in the Chinkuashih, Taiwan, copper–gold deposit: A 1 Ma paleo-fumarole
R.W. Henley, Byron R. Berger
2012, Geofluids (12) 245-260
The mineralized fracture system that underlay paleo-fumarole field at Chinkuashih, Taiwan has been exposed by copper–gold mining to depths of about 550 m below the paleo-surface. Its mineralogy and systematic variations in metal and semimetal (Fe, Cu, As, Sb, Bi, Hg, Cd, Sn, Zn, Pb, Se, Te, Au, Ag) concentrations provide...
Arsenic-induced biochemical and genotoxic effects and distribution in tissues of Sprague-Dawley rats
Anita K. Patlolla, Todor I. Todorov, Paul B. Tchounwou, Gijsbert van der Voet, Jose A. Centeno
2012, Microchemical Journal (105) 101-107
Arsenic (As) is a well documented human carcinogen. However, its mechanisms of toxic action and carcinogenic potential in animals have not been conclusive. In this research, we investigated the biochemical and genotoxic effects of As and studied its distribution in selected tissues of Sprague–Dawley rats. Four groups of six male...
Ecological impacts of non-native species
David S. Pilliod, R.A. Griffiths, S.L. Kuzmin
Harold Heatwole, John W. Wilkinson, editor(s)
2012, Book chapter, Conservation and decline of amphibians: Ecological aspects, effect of humans, and management
Non-native species are considered one of the greatest threats to freshwater biodiversity worldwide (Drake et al. 1989; Allen and Flecker 1993; Dudgeon et al. 2005). Some of the first hypotheses proposed to explain global patterns of amphibian declines included the effects of non-native species (Barinaga 1990; Blaustein and Wake 1990;...
Loss and modification of habitat
Francis Lemckert, Stephen Hecnar, David S. Pilliod
2012, Book chapter, Conservation and decline of amphibians: Ecological aspects, effect of humans, and management
Amphibians live in a wide variety of habitats around the world, many of which have been modified or destroyed by human activities. Most species have unique life history characteristics adapted to specific climates, habitats (e.g., lentic, lotic, terrestrial, arboreal, fossorial, amphibious), and local conditions that provide suitable areas for reproduction,...
Using computational modeling of river flow with remotely sensed data to infer channel bathymetry
Jonathan M. Nelson, Richard R. McDonald, Paul J. Kinzel, Y. Shimizu
2012, Conference Paper, IAHR Riverflow 2012 Conference Proceedings
As part of an ongoing investigation into the use of computational river flow and morphodynamic models for the purpose of correcting and extending remotely sensed river datasets, a simple method for inferring channel bathymetry is developed and discussed. The method is based on an inversion of the equations expressing conservation...
Sexual selection and mating chronology of Lesser Prairie-Chickens
Adam C. Behney, Blake A. Grisham, Clint W. Boal, Heather A. Whitlaw, David A. Haukos
2012, Wilson Journal of Ornithology (124) 96-105
Little is known about mate selection and lek dynamics of Lesser Prairie-Chickens (Tympanuchus pallidicinctus). We collected data on male territory size and location on leks, behavior, and morphological characteristics and assessed the importance of these variables on male Lesser Prairie-Chicken mating success during spring 2008 and 2009 in the Texas...
Provisioning of nestling Dickcissels in native warm-season grass field buffers
K. L. Mitchell, Samuel K. Riffell, L. Wes Burger Jr., Francisco Vilella
2012, Wilson Journal of Ornithology (124) 298-309
We used video cameras in 2008–2009 to record provisioning activities at Dickcissel (Spiza americana) nests in and around Conservation Reserve Program field buffers in north-central Mississippi, USA. We simultaneously observed foraging flight distances of parents. Provisioning rate (P = 0.412), biomass (P = 0.161), and foraging distance (P = 0.159)...
Application of the control volume mixed finite element method to a triangular discretization
Richard L. Naff
2012, International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering (89) 846-868
A two‐dimensional control volume mixed finite element method is applied to the elliptic equation. Discretization of the computational domain is based in triangular elements. Shape functions and test functions are formulated on the basis of an equilateral reference triangle with unit edges. A pressure support based on...
Subsidy or subtraction: how do terrestrial inputs influence consumer production in lakes?
Stuart E. Jones, Christopher T. Solomon, Brian Weidel
2012, Freshwater Reviews (5) 37-49
Cross-ecosystem fluxes are ubiquitous in food webs and are generally thought of as subsidies to consumer populations. Yet external or allochthonous inputs may in fact have complex and habitat-specific effects on recipient ecosystems. In lakes, terrestrial inputs of organic carbon contribute to basal resource availability, but can also reduce resource...
Long-term impacts of invasive species on a native top predator in a large lake system
Scott A. Rush, Gordon Paterson, Tim B. Johnson, Ken G. Drouillard, Gordon D. Haffner, Craig E. Hebert, Michael T. Arts, Daryl J. McGoldrick, Sean M. Backus, Brian F. Lantry, Jana R. Lantry, Ted Schaner, Aaron T. Fisk
2012, Freshwater Biology (57) 2342-2355
1. Declining abundances of forage fish and the introduction and establishment of non-indigenous species have the potential to substantially alter resource and habitat exploitation by top predators in large lakes. 2. We measured stable isotopes of carbon (δ13C) and nitrogen (δ15N) in field-collected and archived samples of Lake Ontario lake trout (Salvelinus...
Life history characteristics of a recovering lake whitefish Coregonus clupeaformis stock in the Detroit River, North America
Edward F. Roseman, Gregory W. Kennedy, Bruce A. Manny, James Boase, James McFee
Ross F. Tallman, Kimberly L. Howland, Michael D. Rennie, Kenneth Mills, editor(s)
2012, Advances in Limnology (63) 477-501
The Detroit River is part of a channel connecting Lakes Huron and Erie and was once a prolific spawning area for lake whitefish, Coregonus clupeaformis. Large numbers of lake whitefish migrated into the river to spawn where they were harvested by commercial fisheries and for fish culture operations. Prior to...
Significant motions between GPS sites in the New Madrid region: implications for seismic hazard
Arthur Frankel, Robert Smalley, J. Paul
2012, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (102) 479-489
Position time series from Global Positioning System (GPS) stations in the New Madrid region were differenced to determine the relative motions between stations. Uncertainties in rates were estimated using a three‐component noise model consisting of white, flicker, and random walk noise, following the methodology of Langbein, 2004. Significant motions of...
Genetic variation reveals influence of landscape connectivity on population dynamics and resiliency of western trout in disturbance-prone habitats
Helen M. Neville, Robert E. Gresswell, Jason B. Dunham
2012, Technical Report RMRS-GTR-290
Salmonid fishes have evolved and persisted in dynamic ecosystems where disturbance events vary in frequency, magnitude, timing, and duration, as well as the specific nature of associated effects (e.g., changes in thermal or flow regimes, geomorphology, or water chemistry). In the western United States, one of the major drivers of...
New Zealand’s deadliest quake sounds alarm for cities on fault lines
Erol Kalkan
2012, Natural Hazards Observer (36) 1-4
The catastrophic Christ Church Earthquake is a strong reminder to engineers and scientists of the hazards pose by fault lines, both mapped and unknown, near major cities. In February 2011, the relatively moderate earthquake that struck the cities of Christchurch and Lyttleton in the Canterbury region of New Zealand's South...
Stochastic analyses to identify wellfield withdrawal effects on surface-water and groundwater in Miami-Dade County, Florida
Eric Swain
2012, Journal of Environmental Management (113) 15-21
Several stochastic analyses were conducted in Miami-Dade County, Florida, to evaluate the effects of wellfield withdrawal on aquifer water levels, canal stage, and canal flow. Multiyear data for withdrawals at four water-supply wellfields, water levels at the S-121 canal control structure and groundwater head at a nearby monitoring well were used to determine...
Summary of the geology of the northern part of the Sierra Cuchillo, Socorro and Sierra Counties, southwestern New Mexico
Florian Maldonado
Spencer G. Lucas, Virginia T. McLemore, Virgil W. Lueth, Justin A. Spielmann, Karl Krainer, editor(s)
2012, Conference Paper, New Mexico Geological Society Fall Field Conference Guidebook - 63 Geology of the Warm Springs Region
The northern part of the Sierra Cuchillo is located within the northeastern part of the Mogollon-Datil volcanic field west of the Rio Grande rift in the Basin and Range Province, approximately 50 km northwest of Truth or Consequences in south-central New Mexico. The Sierra Cuchillo is a north-south, elongated horst...
Vegetation, substrate, and eolian sediment transport at Teesto Wash, Navajo Nation, 2009-2012
Amy E. Draut, Margaret Hiza Redsteer, Lee Amoroso
2012, Scientific Investigations Report 2012-5095
On the Navajo Nation, southwestern United States, warming temperatures and recent drought have increased eolian (windblown) sediment mobility such that large, migrating sand dunes affect grazing lands, housing, and road access. We present an assessment of seasonal variations in sand transport, mobility, and ground cover (vegetation and substrate) within a...
Acanthocephalan parasites of slimy sculpin, Cottus cognatus, and Ninespine Stickleback, Pungitius pungitius, from Lake Michigan, U.S.A.
Patrick M. Muzzall, Michael Lima, Alex Gentile, Jacob Gunn, Amanda Jones, Jamie Morrison, John R. P. French III
2012, Comparative Parasitology (79) 15-22
In total, 288 slimy sculpins, Cottus cognatus, were collected in September 2003 from 6 Lake Michigan, U.S.A., ports, along with 220 ninespine sticklebacks, Pungitius pungitius, from 3 ports. The ports included Waukegan, Illinois; Port Washington (PW) and Sturgeon Bay (SB), Wisconsin; and Manistique (MS), Frankfort (FF), Ludington (LD), and Saugatuck,...
Successional change in the Lake Superior fish community: Population trends in ciscoes, rainbow smelt, and lake trout, 1958-2008
Owen T. Gorman
2012, Advances in Limnology (63) 337-362
The Lake Superior fish community underwent massive changes in the second half of the 20th century. Those changes are largely reflected in changes in abundance of the adults of principal prey species, the ciscoes (Coregonus spp.), the invasive rainbow smelt (Osmerus mordax), and the principal predator, lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush)....
Borehole geophysical, fluid, and hydraulic properties within and surrounding the freshwater/saline-water transition zone, San Antonio segment of the Edwards aquifer, south-central Texas, 2010-11
Jonathan V. Thomas, Gregory P. Stanton, Rebecca B. Lambert
2012, Scientific Investigations Report 2012-5285
The freshwater zone of the San Antonio segment of the Edwards aquifer is used by residents of San Antonio and numerous other rapidly growing communities in south-central Texas as their primary water supply source. This freshwater zone is bounded to the south and southeast by a saline-water zone with an...
North Central Climate Science Center--science agenda 2012-2017
Jeffrey T. Morisette
2012, Open-File Report 2012-1265
The information presented here provides the five-year science agenda for the North Central Climate Science Center. It is meant to be a high-level guide that describes the spatial context of the center, the primary partners and stakeholders, and the strategic framework the center will use in applying climate science to...
