ViscoSim Earthquake Simulator
Frederick Pollitz
2012, Seismological Research Letters (83) 979-982
Synthetic seismicity simulations have been explored by the Southern California Earthquake Center (SCEC) Earthquake Simulators Group in order to guide long‐term forecasting efforts related to the Unified California Earthquake Rupture Forecast (Tullis et al., 2012a). In this study I describe the viscoelastic earthquake simulator (ViscoSim) of Pollitz, 2009. Recapitulating...
Stress imparted by the great 2004 Sumatra earthquake shut down transforms and activated rifts up to 400 km away in the Andaman Sea
Volkan Sevilgen, Ross S. Stein, Fred F. Pollitz
2012, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America (109) 15152-15156
The origin and prevalence of triggered seismicity and remote aftershocks are under debate. As a result, they have been excluded from probabilistic seismic hazard assessment and aftershock hazard notices. The 2004 M = 9.2 Sumatra earthquake altered seismicity in the Andaman backarc rift-transform system. Here we show that over a 300-km-long largely...
Origin of an unusual monazite-xenotime gneiss, Hudson Highlands, New York: SHRIMP U-Pb geochronology and trace element geochemistry
John N. Aleinikoff, Richard I. Grauch, Frank K. Mazdab, Loretta Kwak, C. Mark Fanning, Sandra L. Kamo
2012, American Journal of Science (312) 723-765
A pod of monazite-xenotime gneiss (MXG) occurs within Mesoproterozoic paragneiss, Hudson Highlands, New York. This outcrop also contains granite of the Crystal Lake pluton, which migmatized the paragneiss. Previously, monazite, xenotime, and zircon from MXG, plus detrital zircon from the paragneiss, and igneous zircon from the granite, were dated...
Thinning of young Douglas-fir forests decreases density of northern flying squirrels in the Oregon Cascades
Tom Manning, Joan C. Hagar, Brenda C. McComb
2012, Forest Ecology and Management (264) 115-124
Large-scale commercial thinning of young forests in the Pacific Northwest is currently promoted on public lands to accelerate the development of late-seral forest structure for the benefit of wildlife species such as northern spotted owls (Strix occidentalis caurina) and their prey, including the northern flying squirrel (Glaucomys sabrinus). Attempts to...
Landscape controls on the timing of spring, autumn, and growing season length in mid-Atlantic forests
A.J. Elmore, S.M. Guinn, B. J. Minsley, A.D. Richardson
2012, Global Change Biology (18) 656-674
The timing of spring leaf development, trajectories of summer leaf area, and the timing of autumn senescence have profound impacts to the water, carbon, and energy balance of ecosystems, and are likely influenced by global climate change. Limited field-based and remote-sensing observations have suggested complex spatial patterns related to geographic...
Verifiable metamodels for nitrate losses to drains and groundwater in the Corn Belt, USA
Bernard T. Nolan, Robert W. Malone, Jo Ann M. Gronberg, K.R. Thorp, Liwang Ma
2012, Environmental Science & Technology (46) 901-908
Nitrate leaching in the unsaturated zone poses a risk to groundwater, whereas nitrate in tile drainage is conveyed directly to streams. We developed metamodels (MMs) consisting of artificial neural networks to simplify and upscale mechanistic fate and transport models for prediction of nitrate losses by drains and leaching in the...
Identifying best practices in short-term eruption forecasting
J. Eichelberger, W. Marzocchi, P. Papale
2012, Conference Paper, Eos
[No abstract available]...
Climatic forcing of Quaternary deep-sea benthic communities in the North Pacific Ocean
Moriaki Yasuhara, G. Hunt, T. M. Cronin, N. Hokanishi, H. Kawahata, Akira Tsujimoto, M. Ishitake
2012, Paleobiology (38) 162-179
There is growing evidence that changes in deep-sea benthic ecosystems are modulated by climate changes, but most evidence to date comes from the North Atlantic Ocean. Here we analyze new ostracod and published foraminiferal records for the last 250,000 years on Shatsky Rise in the North Pacific Ocean. Using linear...
Crucial nesting habitat for gunnison sage-grouse: A spatially explicit hierarchical approach
Cameron L. Aldridge, D.J. Saher, T.M. Childers, K.E. Stahlnecker, Z.H. Bowen
2012, Journal of Wildlife Management (76) 391-406
Gunnison sage-grouse (Centrocercus minimus) is a species of special concern and is currently considered a candidate species under Endangered Species Act. Careful management is therefore required to ensure that suitable habitat is maintained, particularly because much of the species' current distribution is faced with exurban development pressures. We assessed hierarchical...
USGS42 and USGS43: Human-hair stable hydrogen and oxygen isotopic reference materials and analytical methods for forensic science and implications for published measurement results
T.B. Coplen, H. Qi
2012, Forensic Science International (214) 135-141
Because there are no internationally distributed stable hydrogen and oxygen isotopic reference materials of human hair, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) has prepared two such materials, USGS42 and USGS43. These reference materials span values commonly encountered in human hair stable isotope analysis and are isotopically homogeneous at sample sizes larger...
Slab1.0: A three-dimensional model of global subduction zone geometries
Gavin P. Hayes, David J. Wald, Rebecca L. Johnson
2012, Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth (117)
We describe and present a new model of global subduction zone geometries, called Slab1.0. An extension of previous efforts to constrain the two-dimensional non-planar geometry of subduction zones around the focus of large earthquakes, Slab1.0 describes the detailed, non-planar, three-dimensional geometry of approximately 85% of subduction zones worldwide. While the...
Exploring mechanisms underlying sex-specific differences in mortality of Lake Michigan bloaters
D.B. Bunnell, C.P. Madenjian, M.W. Rogers, J.D. Holuszko, L.J. Begnoche
2012, Transactions of the American Fisheries Society (141) 204-214
Sex-specific differences in mortality rates have been observed among freshwater and marine fish taxa, and underlying mechanisms can include sex-specific differences in (1) age at maturity, (2) growth rate, or (3) activity or behavior during the spawning period. We used a long-term (1973–2009) Lake Michigan data set to evaluate whether...
Time-dependent onshore tsunami response
Alex Apotsos, Guy R. Gelfenbaum, Bruce E. Jaffe
2012, Coastal Engineering (64) 73-86
While bulk measures of the onshore impact of a tsunami, including the maximum run-up elevation and inundation distance, are important for hazard planning, the temporal evolution of the onshore flow dynamics likely controls the extent of the onshore destruction and the erosion and deposition of sediment that occurs. However, the...
Ocean-atmosphere dynamics during Hurricane Ida and Nor'Ida: An application of the coupled ocean-atmosphere-wave-sediment transport (COAWST) modeling system
Maitane Olabarrieta, John C. Warner, Brandy N. Armstrong, Joseph B. Zambon, Ruoying He
2012, Ocean Modelling (43-44) 112-137
The coupled ocean–atmosphere–wave–sediment transport (COAWST) modeling system was used to investigate atmosphere–ocean–wave interactions in November 2009 during Hurricane Ida and its subsequent evolution to Nor’Ida, which was one of the most costly storm systems of the past two decades. One interesting aspect of this...
Conducting fisheries investigations
Alexander V. Zale, Donna L. Parrish, Trent M. Sutton
2012, Book chapter, Fisheries techniques
No abstract available....
Managing inherent complexity for sustainable walleye fisheries in Lake Erie
Edward F. Roseman, Richard Drouin, Marc Gaden, Roger Knight, Jeff Tyson, Yingming Zhao
William W. Taylor, Abigail J. Lynch, Nancy J. Leonard, editor(s)
2012, Book chapter, Great Lakes fisheries policy and management: A binational perspective
In Lake Erie, Walleye (Sander vitreus vitreus) is king. The naturally occurring species is the foundation of commercial fishing operations on the Canadian side of the lake and is a much-prized sport fish on the American side. Management of Lake Erie walleye fisheries is complex and takes place in...
Functional ecology of saltglands in shorebirds: Flexible responses to variable environmental conditions
J.S. Gutierrez, M.W. Dietz, J.A. Masero, Robert E. Gill Jr., Anne Dekinga, Phil F. Battley, J. M. Sanchez-Guzman, Theunis Piersma
2012, Functional Ecology (26) 236-244
1. Birds of marine environments have specialized glands to excrete salt, the saltglands. Located on the skull between the eyes, the size of these organs is expected to reflect their demand, which will vary with water turnover rates as a function of environmental (heat load, salinity of prey and drinking...
Pacific salmonines in the Great Lakes Basin
Randall M. Claramunt, Charles P. Madenjian, David Clapp
William W. Taylor, Abigail J. Lynch, Nancy J. Leonard, editor(s)
2012, Book chapter, Great Lakes fisheries policy and management a binational perspective
Pacific salmon (genus Oncorhynchus) are a valuable resource, both within their native range in the North Pacific rim and in the Great Lakes basin. Understanding their value from a biological and economic perspective in the Great Lakes, however, requires an understanding of changes in the ecosystem and of management actions...
Gene transcription in sea otters (Enhydra lutris); development of a diagnostic tool for sea otter and ecosystem health
Lizabeth Bowen, A. Keith Miles, Michael Murray, Martin Haulena, Judy Tuttle, William van Bonn, Lance Adams, James L. Bodkin, Brenda E. Ballachey, James A. Estes, M. Tim Tinker, Robin Keister, Jeffrey L. Stott
2012, Molecular Ecology Resources (12) 67-74
Gene transcription analysis for diagnosing or monitoring wildlife health requires the ability to distinguish pathophysiological change from natural variation. Herein, we describe methodology for the development of quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) assays to measure differential transcript levels of multiple immune function genes in the sea otter (Enhydra lutris);...
Deltamethrin flea-control preserves genetic variability of black-tailed prairie dogs during a plague outbreak
P.H. Jones, Dean E. Biggins, David Eads, S.L. Eads, H.B. Britten
2012, Conservation Genetics (13) 183-195
Genetic variability and structure of nine black-tailed prairie dog (BTPD, Cynomys ludovicianus) colonies were estimated with 15 unlinked microsatellite markers. A plague epizootic occurred between the first and second years of sampling and our study colonies were nearly extirpated with the exception of three colonies in which prairie dog burrows were...
Spectral definition of the macro-algae Ulva curvata in the back-barrier bays of the Eastern Shore of Virginia, USA
E. Ramsey, A. Rangoonwalaj, M.S. Thomsen, A. Schwarzschild
2012, International Journal of Remote Sensing (33) 586-603
We have developed methods to determine the visible (VIS) to near-infrared (NIR) spectral properties of thalli and epiphytes of bloom-forming and green macrophyte Ulva curvata in back-barrier lagoons in Virginia, USA. A 2% increase in NIR thalli reflectance from winter to summer (ca. 9.5%) matched the drop in summer NIR transmittance (ca....
Variance components estimation for continuous and discrete data, with emphasis on cross-classified sampling designs
Brian R. Gray
Robert A. Gitzen, Joshua J. Millspaugh, Andrew B. Cooper, Daniel S. Licht, editor(s)
2012, Book chapter, Design and analysis of long-term ecological monitoring studies
Variance components may play multiple roles (cf. Cox and Solomon 2003). First, magnitudes and relative magnitudes of the variances of random factors may have important scientific and management value in their own right. For example, variation in levels of invasive vegetation among and within lakes may suggest causal agents that...
A tale of two polar bear populations: Ice habitat, harvest, and body condition
Karyn D. Rode, Elizabeth L. Peacock, Mitchell K. Taylor, Ian Stirling, Erik W. Born, Kristin L. Laidre, Oystein Wiig
2012, Population Ecology (54) 3-18
One of the primary mechanisms by which sea ice loss is expected to affect polar bears is via reduced body condition and growth resulting from reduced access to prey. To date, negative effects of sea ice loss have been documented for two of 19 recognized populations. Effects of sea ice...
Exploring similarities among many species distributions
Scott Simmerman, Jingyuan Wang, James Osborne, Kimberly Shook, Jian Huang, William Godsoe, Theodore R. Simons
2012, Conference Paper, Proceedings of the 1st Conference of the Extreme Science and Engineering Discovery Environment: Bridging from the eXtreme to the campus and beyond
Collecting species presence data and then building models to predict species distribution has been long practiced in the field of ecology for the purpose of improving our understanding of species relationships with each other and with the environment. Due to limitations of computing power as well as limited means of...
Recent changes in successional state of the deep-water fish communities of Lakes Michigan, Huron, and Ontario and management implications
Randy L. Eshenroder, Brian F. Lantry
William W. Taylor, Abigail J. Lynch, Nancy J. Leonard, editor(s)
2012, Book chapter, Great Lakes fisheries policy and management: A binational perspective
No abstract available....
