Individual variation in staging and timing of spring migration of Pacific common eiders in Alaska
Margaret R. Petersen
2005, Conference Paper, Second North America Sea Duck Conference
Timing of migration and characterization of migration patterns of birds are usually based on dates of peak migration to and from staging, wintering, and breeding areas used by the bulk of a species. For Pacific common eiders (Somateria mollissima v-nigrum), as well as other species, the timing of migration into...
Alaskan brown bears, humans, and habituation
Thomas Smith, Stephen Herrero, Terry D. DeBruyn
2005, Ursus (16) 1-10
We present a new paradigm for understanding habituation and the role it plays in brown bear (Ursus arctos) populations and interactions with humans in Alaska. We assert that 3 forms of habituation occur in Alaska: bear-to-bear, bear-to-human, and human-to-bear. We present data that supports our theory that bear density is...
Polar climate: Arctic sea ice
R. S. Stone, David C. Douglas, G. I. Belchansky, S. D. Drobot
2005, Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society (86) S39-S41
Recent decreases in snow and sea ice cover in the high northern latitudes are among the most notable indicators of climate change. Northern Hemisphere sea ice extent for the year as a whole was the third lowest on record dating back to 1973, behind 1995 (lowest) and 1990 (second lowest;...
Spring migration of northern pintails from California's Central Valley wintering area tracked by satellite telemetry: Routes, timing, and destinations
M. R. Miller, John Y. Takekawa, J. P. Fleskes, D.L. Orthmeyer, Michael L. Casazza, W.M. Perry
2005, Canadian Journal of Zoology (83) 1314-1332
We used satellite transmitters to track the 2000–2003 spring migrations of adult female Northern Pintails (Anas acuta L., 1758) from California's Central Valley, USA. PTT-tagged Pintails departed during late February to mid-March, and 77%–87% stopped first in the region of south-central Oregon, extreme northwestern Nevada, and northeastern California (SONEC). Subsequently, most...
Avian cholera exposure and carriers in greater white-fronted geese breeding in Alaska, USA
Michael D. Samuel, Daniel J. Shadduck, Diana R. Goldberg
2005, Journal of Wildlife Diseases (41) 498-502
We conducted a 3-yr study (2001–03) on greater white-fronted geese (Anser albifrons frontalis) breeding in Alaska, USA, to determine the exposure of this population to Pasteurella multocida and the potential role of these birds as disease carriers. We tested sera from nearly 600 adult geese for antibodies to P. multocida serotype 1. We found...
Population genetic structure of annual and perennial populations of Zostera marina L. along the Pacific coast of Baja California and the Gulf of California
Raquel Muñiz-Salazar, Sandra L. Talbot, George K. Sage, David H. Ward, Alejandro Cabello-Pasini
2005, Molecular Ecology (14) 711-722
The Baja California peninsula represents a biogeographical boundary contributing to regional differentiation among populations of marine animals. We investigated the genetic characteristics of perennial and annual populations of the marine angiosperm, Zostera marina, along the Pacific coast of Baja California and in the Gulf of California, respectively. Populations of Z....
Rhynchelmis aleutensis n. sp. (Clitellata: Lumbriculidae) from Adak Island, Alaska
Steven V. Fend
2005, Zootaxa (1093) 45-53
A new lumbriculid worm, Rhynchelmis aleutensis, is described from streams on Adak Island, Alaska. The new species does not resemble other Alaskan or Siberian Rhynchelmis species. The paired spermathecal diverticula and the morphology of the male pores and atria suggest that it is more closely related to a species group known only from...
Geographic variation in survival and migratory tendency among North American Common Mergansers
John M. Pearce, John A. Reed, Paul L. Flint
2005, Journal of Field Ornithology (76) 109-118
Movement ecology and demographic parameters for the Common Merganser (Mergus merganser americanus) in North America are poorly known. We used band-recovery data from five locations across North America spanning the years 1938–1998 to examine migratory patterns and estimate survival rates. We examined competing time-invariant, age-graduated models with program MARK...
Introduction to the handbook
Bryan F.J. Manly, Trent L. McDonald, Steven C. Amstrup
Steven C. Amstrup, Trent L. McDonald, Bryan F.J. Manly, editor(s)
2005, Book chapter, Handbook of capture-recapture analysis
In September of 1802, Pierre Simon Laplace (1749–1827) used a capture– recapture type of approach to estimate the size of the human population of France (Cochran 1978; Stigler 1986). At that time, live births were recorded for all of France on an annual basis. In the year prior to September...
Subduction-zone magnetic anomalies and implications for hydrated forearc mantle
R.J. Blakely, T.M. Brocher, R.E. Wells
2005, Geology (33) 445-448
Continental mantle in subduction zones is hydrated by release of water from the underlying oceanic plate. Magnetite is a significant byproduct of mantle hydration, and forearc mantle, cooled by subduction, should contribute to long-wavelength magnetic anomalies above subduction zones. We test this hypothesis with a quantitative model of the Cascadia...
Population size and trend of Yellow-billed Loons in northern Alaska
Susan L. Earnst, Robert A Stehn, Robert Platte, William W. Larned, Edward J. Mallek
2005, Condor (107) 289-304
The Yellow-billed Loon (Gavia adamsii) is of conservation concern due to its restricted range, small population size, specific habitat requirements, and perceived threats to its breeding and wintering habitat. Within the U.S., this species breeds almost entirely within the National Petroleum Reserve-Alaska, nearly all of which is open, or proposed...
Ice elevations and surface change on the Malaspina Glacier, Alaska
J. Sauber, B. Molnia, C. Carabajal, S. Luthcke, R. Muskett
2005, Geophysical Research Letters (32) 1-4
Here we use Ice, Cloud and land Elevation Satellite (ICESat)-derived elevations and surface characteristics to investigate the Malaspina Glacier of southern Alaska. Although there is significant elevation variability between ICESat tracks on this glacier, we were able to discern general patterns in surface elevation change by using a regional digital...
Geochemistry of surface-waters in mineralized and non-mineralized areas of the Yukon-Tanana Uplands
B. Wang, R. B. Wanty, J. Vohden
2005, Conference Paper, World Water Congress 2005: Impacts of Global Climate Change - Proceedings of the 2005 World Water and Environmental Resources Congress
The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) and Alaska Department of Natural Resources (ADNR) are continuing investigations on element mobility in mineralized and non-mineralized areas of the Yukon-Tanana Upland in east-central Alaska. The chemistry of stream water is evaluated in the context of regional bedrock geology and geologic structure. Sampling sites were...
Application of acoustic doppler current profilers for measuring three-dimensional flow fields and as a surrogate measurement of bedload transport
Jeffrey S. Conaway
2005, Conference Paper, World Water Congress 2005: Impacts of Global Climate Change - Proceedings of the 2005 World Water and Environmental Resources Congress
Acoustic Doppler current profilers (ADCPs) have been in use in the riverine environment for nearly 20 years. Their application primarily has been focused on the measurement of streamflow discharge. ADCPs emit high-frequency sound pulses and receive reflected sound echoes from sediment particles in the water column. The Doppler shift between...
Evolving force balance at Columbia Glacier, Alaska, during its rapid retreat
Shad O’Neel, W.T. Pfeffer, R. Krimmel, M. Meier
2005, Journal of Geophysical Research F: Earth Surface (110)
Changes in driving and resistive stresses play an essential role in governing the buoyancy forces that are important controls on the speed and irreversibility of tidewater glacier retreats. We describe changes in geometry, velocity, and strain rate and present a top-down force balance analysis performed over the lower reach of...
Parallel structure among environmental gradients and three trophic levels in a subarctic estuary
Suzann G. Speckman, John F. Piatt, C. V. Minte-Vera, Julia K. Parrish
2005, Progress in Oceanography (66) 25-65
We assessed spatial and temporal variability in the physical environment of a subarctic estuary, and examined concurrent patterns of chlorophyll α abundance (fluorescence), and zooplankton and forage fish community structure. Surveys were conducted in lower Cook Inlet, Alaska, during late July and early August from 1997 through 1999. Principle components analysis...
Repeating coupled earthquakes at Shishaldin Volcano, Alaska
J. Caplan-Auerbach, T. Petersen
2005, Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research (145) 151-172
Since it last erupted in 1999, Shishaldin Volcano, Aleutian Islands, Alaska, has produced hundreds to thousands of long-period (1-2 Hz; LP) earthquakes every day with no other sign of volcanic unrest. In 2002, the earthquakes also exhibited a short-period (4-7 Hz; SP) signal occurring between 3 and 15 s before...
Population genetic structure and conservation of marbled murrelets (Brachyramphus marmoratus)
Vicki L. Friesen, T.P. Birt, John F. Piatt, R.T. Golightly, S. H. Newman, P.N. Hebert, B.C. Congdon, G. Gissing
2005, Conservation Genetics (6) 607-614
Marbled murrelets (Brachyramphus marmoratus) are coastal seabirds that nest from California to the Aleutian Islands. They are declining and considered threatened in several regions. We compared variation in the mitochondrial control region, four nuclear introns and three microsatellite loci among 194 murrelets from throughout their range except Washington and Oregon....
Biology and conservation of Xantus's Murrelet: Discovery, taxonomy and distribution
Harry R. Carter, Spencer G. Sealy, Esther E. Burkett, John F. Piatt
2005, Marine Ornithology: Journal of Seabird Research and Conservation (33) 81-87
The biology of Xantus's Murrelets Synthliboramphus hypoleucus is similar in many respects to better-studied Ancient Murrelets S. antiquus, especially regarding morphology and the species' precocial mode of post-hatching development. It nests mainly in rock crevices but also under shrubs on islands in southern California, United States, and northwestern Baja California,...
Evidence for size-selective mortality after the first summer of ocean growth by pink salmon
J.H. Moss, D.A. Beauchamp, A.D. Cross, K.W. Myers, Edward V. Farley Jr., J.M. Murphy, J.H. Helle
2005, Transactions of the American Fisheries Society (134) 1313-1322
Pink salmon Onchorhynchus gorbuscha with identifiable thermal otolith marks from Prince William Sound hatchery release groups during 2001 were used to test the hypothesis that faster-growing fish during their first summer in the ocean had higher survival rates than slower-growing fish. Marked juvenile pink salmon were sampled monthly in Prince...
Chloroethene biodegradation in sediments at 4°C
P. M. Bradley, S. Richmond, F. H. Chapelle
2005, Applied and Environmental Microbiology (71) 6414-6417
Microbial reductive dechlorination of [1,2-14C]trichloroethene to [14C]cis-dichloroethene and [14C]vinyl chloride was observed at 4°C in anoxic microcosms prepared with cold temperature-adapted aquifer and river sediments from Alaska. Microbial anaerobic oxidation of [1,2-14C]cis-dichloroethene and [1,2-14C]vinyl chloride to 14CO2 also was observed under these conditions. ...
Evidence and implications of recent climate change in Northern Alaska and other Arctic regions
L. D. Hinzman, N.D. Bettez, W.R. Bolton, F.S. Chapin, M.B. Dyurgerov, C.L. Fastie, B. Griffith, R.D. Hollister, Allen Hope, H.P. Huntington, A.M. Jensen, G.J. Jia, T. Jorgenson, D.L. Kane, D.R. Klein, G. Kofinas, A.H. Lynch, A.H. Lloyd, A. D. McGuire, Frederick E. Nelson, W.C. Oechel, T.E. Osterkamp, C.H. Racine, V.E. Romanovsky, R. S. Stone, D.A. Stow, M. Sturm, C.E. Tweedie, G.L. Vourlitis, M.D. Walker, D.A. Walker, P.J. Webber, J.M. Welker, K.S. Winker, K. Yoshikawa
2005, Climatic Change (72) 251-298
The Arctic climate is changing. Permafrost is warming, hydrological processes are changing and biological and social systems are also evolving in response to these changing conditions. Knowing how the structure and function of arctic terrestrial ecosystems are responding to recent and persistent climate change is paramount to understanding the future...
Mineralization, watershed geochemistry, and metals in fish from a Subarctic River, Alaska
L. P. Gough, B. Wang, J.G. Crock, R.R. Seal, P. Weber-Scannell
2005, Conference Paper, World Water Congress 2005: Impacts of Global Climate Change - Proceedings of the 2005 World Water and Environmental Resources Congress
We report on the levels of trace metals and metalloids in Arctic grayling (Thymallus arcticus), an important freshwater sport and subsistence fish in the Fortymile River, east-central Alaska. Functional biogeochemical baseline values and (or) ranges are presented for 38 major- and trace-elements in the muscle (fillet) and liver of 34...
Cause and effect of variations in western arctic snow and sea ice cover
R. S. Stone, David C. Douglas, G. I. Belchansky, S. D. Drobot, J. Harris
2005, Conference Paper, 85th AMS Annual Meeting, American Meteorological Society - Combined Preprints
[No abstract available]...
Impact of millennial-scale Holocene climate variability on eastern North American terrestrial ecosystems: Pollen-based climatic reconstruction
Debra A. Willard, C.E. Bernhardt, D.A. Korejwo, S.R. Meyers
2005, Global and Planetary Change (47) 17-35
We present paleoclimatic evidence for a series of Holocene millennial-scale cool intervals in eastern North America that occurred every ???1400 years and lasted ???300-500 years, based on pollen data from Chesapeake Bay in the mid-Atlantic region of the United States. The cool events are indicated by significant decreases in pine...
