Native Americans, regional drought and tree Island evolution in the Florida Everglades
C. Bernhardt
2011, Holocene (21) 967-978
This study uses palynologic data to determine the effects of regional climate variability and human activity on the formation and development of tree islands during the last ~4000 years. Although prolonged periods of aridity have been invoked as one mechanism for their formation, Native American land use has also been...
Engineering a future for amphibians under climate change
L.P. Shoo, D.H. Olson, S.K. Mcmenamin, K.A. Murray, M. Van Sluys, M.A. Donnelly, D. Stratford, J. Terhivuo, A. Merino-Viteri, S.M. Herbert, P.J. Bishop, P.S. Corn, L. Dovey, R.A. Griffiths, K. Lowe, M. Mahony, H. McCallum, J.D. Shuker, C. Simpkins, L.F. Skerratt, S.E. Williams, J.-M. Hero
2011, Journal of Applied Ecology (48) 487-492
1. Altered global climates in the 21st century pose serious threats for biological systems and practical actions are needed to mount a response for species at risk. 2. We identify management actions from across the world and from diverse disciplines that are applicable to minimizing loss of amphibian biodiversity under climate change. Actions...
Geographic variation in morphology of Alaska-breeding Bar-tailed Godwits (Limosa lapponica) is not maintained on their nonbreeding grounds in New Zealand
Jesse R. Conklin, Phil F. Battley, Murray A. Potter, Daniel R. Ruthrauff
2011, The Auk (128) 363-373
Among scolopacid shorebirds, Bar-tailed Godwits (Limosa lapponica) have unusually high intra- and intersexual differences in size and breeding plumage. Despite historical evidence for population structure among Alaska-breeding Bar-tailed Godwits (L. l. baueri), no thorough analysis, or comparison with the population's nonbreeding distribution, has been undertaken. We used live captures, field...
Variation in local abundance and species richness of stream fishes in relation to dispersal barriers: Implications for management and conservation
K.H. Nislow, M. Hudy, B.H. Letcher, E.P. Smith
2011, Freshwater Biology (56) 2135-2144
1.Barriers to immigration, all else being equal, should in principle depress local abundance and reduce local species richness. These issues are particularly relevant to stream-dwelling species when improperly designed road crossings act as barriers to migration with potential impacts on the viability of upstream populations. However, because abundance and richness...
Norovirus outbreak caused by a new septic system in a dolomite aquifer
M. A. Borchardt, K. R. Bradbury, E.C. Alexander, R.J. Kolberg, S.C. Alexander, John R. Archer, L.A. Braatz, B.M. Forest, J.A. Green, S. K. Spencer
2011, Ground Water (49) 85-97
Septic systems that are built in compliance with regulations are generally not expected to be the cause of groundwater borne disease outbreaks, especially in areas with thick vadose zones. However, this case study demonstrates that a disease outbreak can occur in such a setting and outlines the combination of epidemiological,...
Uni-directional consumer-resource theory characterizing transitions of interaction outcomes
Y. Wang, D.L. DeAngelis, J.N. Holland
2011, Ecological Complexity (8) 249-257
A resource is considered here to be a biotic population that helps to maintain the population growth of its consumers, whereas a consumer utilizes a resource and in turn decreases its growth rate. Bi-directional consumer–resource (C–R) interactions have been the object of recent theory. In these interactions, each species acts,...
Viral replication in excised fin tissues (VREFT) corresponds with prior exposure of Pacific herring, Clupea pallasii (Valenciennes), to viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus (VHSV)
C.A. Grady, J.L. Gregg, R.M. Wade, J. R. Winton, P.K. Hershberger
2011, Journal of Fish Diseases (34) 3-12
Procedures for a viral replication in excised fin tissue (VREFT) assay were adapted to Pacific herring, Clupea pallasii, and optimized both to reduce processing time and to provide the greatest resolution between na??ve herring and those previously exposed to viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus (VHSV), Genogroup IVa. The optimized procedures included...
The remarkable occurrence of large rainfall-induced debris flows at two different locations on July 12, 2008, Southern Sierra Nevada, CA, USA
J.V. DeGraff, D.L. Wagner, A.J. Gallegos, M. DeRose, C. Shannon, T. Ellsworth
2011, Landslides (8) 343-353
On July 12, 2008, two convective cells about 155 km apart produced a brief period of intense rainfall triggering large debris flows in the southern Sierra Nevada. The northernmost cell was centered over Oak Creek Canyon, an east-flowing drainage, and its tributaries near Independence, CA, USA. About 5:00 P.M., debris flows...
U-Pb SHRIMP-RG zircon ages and Nd signature of lower Paleozoic rifting-related magmatism in the Variscan basement of the Eastern Pyrenees
F.J. Martinez, A. Iriondo, C. Dietsch, J. N. Aleinikoff, J.J. Peucat, J. Cires, J. Reche, R. Capdevila
2011, LITHOS (127) 10-23
The ages of orthogneisses exposed in massifs of the Variscan chain can determine whether they are part of a pre-Neoproterozoic basement, a Neoproterozoic, Panafrican arc, or are, in fact, lower Paleozoic, and their isotopic compositions can be used to probe the nature of their source rocks, adding to the understanding...
Developing a Scenario for widespread use: Best practices, lessons learned
S. Perry, L. Jones, D. Cox
2011, Earthquake Spectra (27) 263-272
The ShakeOut Scenario is probably the most widely known and used earthquake scenario created to date. Much of the credit for its widespread dissemination and application lies with scenario development criteria that focused on the needs and involvement of end users and with a suite of products that tailored communication...
Spatial and temporal characteristics of grouper spawning aggregations in marine protected areas in Palau, western Micronesia
Y. Golbuu, Alan M. Friedlander
2011, Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science (92) 223-231
In Palau, Ngerumekaol and Ebiil Channels are spawning aggregation sites that have been protected from fishing since 1976 and 2000, respectively. Groupers and other targeted fisheries species were monitored monthly over a 1.5 year period at these two spawning aggregations and two nearby exploited reference sites where grouper formerly aggregated to spawn....
Estimating equivalence with quantile regression
B.S. Cade
2011, Ecological Applications (21) 281-289
Equivalence testing and corresponding confidence interval estimates are used to provide more enlightened statistical statements about parameter estimates by relating them to intervals of effect sizes deemed to be of scientific or practical importance rather than just to an effect size of zero. Equivalence tests and confidence interval estimates are...
Factors driving spatial and temporal variation in production and production/biomass ratio of stream-resident brown trout (Salmo trutta) in Cantabrian streams
J. Lobon-Cervia, G. Gonzalez, P. Budy
2011, Freshwater Biology (56) 2272-2287
1.The objective was to identify the factors driving spatial and temporal variation in annual production (PA) and turnover (production/biomass) ratio (P/BA) of resident brown trout Salmo trutta in tributaries of the Rio Esva (Cantabrian Mountains, Asturias, north-western Spain). We examined annual production (total production of all age-classes over a year)...
Experimental infection of bats with Geomyces destructans causes white-nose syndrome
J.M. Lorch, C.U. Meteyer, M.J. Behr, J.G. Boyles, P.M. Cryan, A.C. Hicks, A.E. Ballmann, J.T.H. Coleman, D.N. Redell, D.M. Reeder, D.S. Blehert
2011, Nature (480) 376-378
White-nose syndrome (WNS) has caused recent catastrophic declines among multiple species of bats in eastern North America. The disease's name derives from a visually apparent white growth of the newly discovered fungus Geomyces destructans on the skin (including the muzzle) of hibernating bats. Colonization of skin by this fungus is...
A heuristic simulation model of Lake Ontario circulation and mass balance transport
J.E. McKenna Jr., M.A. Chalupnicki
2011, Journal of Freshwater Ecology (26) 123-132
The redistribution of suspended organisms and materials by large-scale currents is part of natural ecological processes in large aquatic systems but can contribute to ecosystem disruption when exotic elements are introduced into the system. Toxic compounds and planktonic organisms spend various lengths of time in suspension before settling to the...
A simple and effective method for filling gaps in Landsat ETM+ SLC-off images
Jin Chen, Xiaolin Zhu, James E. Vogelmann, Feng Gao, Suming Jin
2011, Remote Sensing of Environment (115) 1053-1064
The scan-line corrector (SLC) of the Landsat 7 Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (ETM+) sensor failed in 2003, resulting in about 22% of the pixels per scene not being scanned. The SLC failure has seriously limited the scientific applications of ETM+ data. While there have been a number of methods developed...
Classification of MEC with the ALLTEM at Camp Stanley, Texas
T. Asch, C. Moulton, D.V. Smith
2011, SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts (30) 1363-1367
The ALLTEM is a multi-axis electromagnetic induction system designed for unexploded ordnance UXO applications. It uses a continuous triangle-wave excitation and provides good late-time signal-to-noise ratio SNR especially for ferrous targets. Multi-axis transmitter Tx and receiver Rx systems such as ALLTEM provide a richer data set from which to invert...
Effects of biologically-active chemical mixtures on fish in a wastewater-impacted urban stream
L. B. Barber, G.K. Brown, T.G. Nettesheim, E.W. Murphy, S.E. Bartell, H.L. Schoenfuss
2011, Science of the Total Environment (409) 4720-4728
Stream flow in urban aquatic ecosystems often is maintained by water-reclamation plant (WRP) effluents that contain mixtures of natural and anthropogenic chemicals that persist through the treatment processes. In effluent-impacted streams, aquatic organisms such as fish are continuously exposed to biologically-active chemicals throughout their life cycles. The North Shore Channel...
Predicting breeding habitat for amphibians: A spatiotemporal analysis across Yellowstone National Park
Paul E. Bartelt, Alisa L. Gallant, Robert W. Klaver, C.K. Wright, Debra A. Patla, Charles R. Peterson
2011, Ecological Applications (21) 2530-2547
The ability to predict amphibian breeding across landscapes is important for informing land management decisions and helping biologists better understand and remediate factors contributing to declines in amphibian populations. We built geospatial models of likely breeding habitats for each of four amphibian species that breed in Yellowstone National Park (YNP)....
Anthropogenic influences on shoreline and nearshore evolution in the San Francisco Bay coastal system
K.L. Dallas, P.L. Barnard
2011, Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science (92) 195-204
Analysis of four historical bathymetric surveys over a 132-year period has revealed significant changes to the morphology of the San Francisco Bar, an ebb-tidal delta at the mouth of San Francisco Bay estuary. From 1873 to 2005 the San Francisco Bar vertically-eroded an average of 80 cm over a 125...
Changes in agricultural cropland areas between a water-surplus year and a water-deficit year impacting food security, determined using MODIS 250 m time-series data and spectral matching techniques, in the Krishna river basin (India)
Murali Krishna Gumma, Prasad S. Thenkabail, I.V. Muralikrishna, Naga Manohar Velpuri, P.T. Gangadhararao, V. Dheeravath, C.M. Biradar, S.A. Nalan, A. Gaur
2011, International Journal of Remote Sensing (32) 3495-3520
The objective of this study was to investigate the changes in cropland areas as a result of water availability using Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) 250 m time-series data and spectral matching techniques (SMTs). The study was conducted in the Krishna River basin in India, a very large river basin...
Black swans, wicked problems, and science during crises
G.E. Machlis, M.K. McNutt
2011, Oceanography (24) 318-320
Oceanic resources face challenges that are significant and widespread, including (but not limited to) overharvesting, climate change, selected stock collapse, coral reef decline, species extinction, pollution, and more. These challenges are the focus of much ocean science, which is helping to inform policy and guide management actions. The steady growth...
High-precision measurement of variations in calcium isotope ratios in urine by multiple collector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry
J.L.L. Morgan, G.W. Gordon, R.C. Arrua, J.L. Skulan, A.D. Anbar, T.D. Bullen
2011, Analytical Chemistry (83) 6956-6962
We describe a new chemical separation method to isolate Ca from other matrix elements in biological samples, developed with the long-term goal of making high-precision measurement of natural stable Ca isotope variations a clinically applicable tool to assess bone mineral balance. A new two-column procedure utilizing HBr achieves the purity...
A decision-analytic approach to the optimal allocation of resources for endangered species consultation
Sarah J. Converse, Kevin J. Shelley, Steve Morey, Jeffrey Chan, Andrea LaTier, Carolyn Scafidi, Deborah T. Crouse, Michael C. Runge
2011, Biological Conservation (144) 319-329
The resources available to support conservation work, whether time or money, are limited. Decision makers need methods to help them identify the optimal allocation of limited resources to meet conservation goals, and decision analysis is uniquely suited to assist with the development of such methods. In recent years, a number...
Experimental determination of the phase boundary between kornelite and pentahydrated ferric sulfate at 0.1MPa
W.G. Kong, A. Wang, I.-M. Chou
2011, Chemical Geology (284) 333-338
Recent findings of various ferric sulfates on Mars emphasize the importance of understanding the fundamental properties of ferric sulfates at temperatures relevant to that of Martian surface. In this study, the phase boundary between kornelite (Fe2(SO4)3.7H2O) and pentahydrated ferric sulfate (Fe2(SO4)3.5H2O) was experimentally determined using the humidity-buffer technique together with...
