Recovering from the ShakeOut earthquake
Anne Wein, Laurie Johnson, Richard Bernknopf
2011, Earthquake Spectra (27) 521-538
Recovery from an earthquake like the M7.8 ShakeOut Scenario will be a major endeavor taking many years to complete. Hundreds of Southern California municipalities will be affected; most lack recovery plans or previous disaster experience. To support recovery planning this paper 1) extends the regional ShakeOut Scenario analysis into the...
Evaluation of single and two-stage adaptive sampling designs for estimation of density and abundance of freshwater mussels in a large river
D. R. Smith, J. T. Rogala, B. R. Gray, S. J. Zigler, T.J. Newton
2011, River Research and Applications (27) 122-133
Reliable estimates of abundance are needed to assess consequences of proposed habitat restoration and enhancement projects on freshwater mussels in the Upper Mississippi River (UMR). Although there is general guidance on sampling techniques for population assessment of freshwater mussels, the actual performance of sampling designs can depend critically on the...
On the hydrologic adjustment of climate-model projections: The potential pitfall of potential evapotranspiration
P. C. D. Milly, K.A. Dunne
2011, Earth Interactions (15) 1-14
Hydrologic models often are applied to adjust projections of hydroclimatic change that come from climate models. Such adjustment includes climate-bias correction, spatial refinement ("downscaling"), and consideration of the roles of hydrologic processes that were neglected in the climate model. Described herein is a quantitative analysis of the effects of hydrologic...
Effects of hatchery fish density on emigration, growth, survival, and predation risk of natural steelhead parr in an experimental stream channel
Christopher P. Tatara, Stephen C. Riley, Barry A. Berejikian
2011, North American Journal of Fisheries Management (31) 224-235
Hatchery supplementation of steelhead Oncorhynchus mykiss raises concerns about the impacts on natural populations, including reduced growth and survival, displacement, and increased predation. The potential risks may be density dependent.We examined how hatchery stocking density and the opportunity to emigrate affect the responses of natural steelhead parr in an experimental...
Rethinking hyporheic flow and transient storage to advance understanding of stream-catchment connections
Kenneth E. Bencala, M.N. Gooseff, Briant A. Kimball
2011, Water Resources Research (47)
Although surface water and groundwater are increasingly referred to as one resource, there remain environmental and ecosystem needs to study the 10 m to 1 km reach scale as one hydrologic system. Streams gain and lose water over a range of spatial and temporal scales. Large spatial scales (kilometers) have...
Survival of European mouflon (Artiodactyla: Bovidae) in Hawai'i based on tooth cementum lines
S.C. Hess, R.M. Stephens, T.L. Thompson, R.M. Danner, B. Kawakami Jr.
2011, Pacific Science (65) 59-67
Reliable techniques for estimating age of ungulates are necessary to determine population parameters such as age structure and survival. Techniques that rely on dentition, horn, and facial patterns have limited utility for European mouflon sheep (Ovis gmelini musimon), but tooth cementum lines may offer a useful alternative. Cementum lines may...
Stress transfer among en echelon and opposing thrusts and tear faults: Triggering caused by the 2003 Mw = 6.9 Zemmouri, Algeria, earthquake
J. Lin, R.S. Stein, M. Meghraoui, S. Toda, A. Ayadi, C. Dorbath, S. Belabbes
2011, Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth (116)
The essential features of stress interaction among earthquakes on en echelon thrusts and tear faults were investigated, first through idealized examples and then by study of thrust faulting in Algeria. We calculated coseismic stress changes caused by the 2003 Mw = 6.9 Zemmouri earthquake, finding that a large majority of...
Radionuclides, trace elements, and radium residence in phosphogypsum of Jordan
R. A. Zielinski, M. S. Al-Hwaiti, J. R. Budahn, J. F. Ranville
2011, Environmental Geochemistry and Health (33) 149-165
Voluminous stockpiles of phosphogypsum (PG) generated during the wet process production of phosphoric acid are stored at many sites around the world and pose problems for their safe storage, disposal, or utilization. A major concern is the elevated concentration of long-lived 226Ra (half-life = 1,600 years) inherited from the processed...
Hyperkyphosis in longnose gar (Lepisosteus osseus) of North Central Texas
Samuel W. Kelley
2011, Western North American Naturalist (71) 121-126
Two mature female longnose gar (Lepisosteus osseus) exhibiting severe hyperkyphotic spinal deformities were captured during the 2010 spring spawn at Lake Arrowhead, Clay County, Texas. Yet, despite their deformities and impaired motility, both longnose gar were in overall good condition. Hyperkyphosis in both longnose gar resulted from fused trunk vertebrae...
A comparison of recharge rates in aquifers of the United States based on groundwater-age data
P.B. McMahon, Niel Plummer, J.K. Böhlke, S.D. Shapiro, S.R. Hinkle
2011, Hydrogeology Journal (19) 779-800
An overview is presented of existing groundwater-age data and their implications for assessing rates and timescales of recharge in selected unconfined aquifer systems of the United States. Apparent age distributions in aquifers determined from chlorofluorocarbon, sulfur hexafluoride, tritium/helium-3, and radiocarbon measurements from 565 wells in 45 networks were used to...
What do we know about metal recycling rates?
T.E. Graedel, J. Allwood, J.-P. Birat, M. Buchert, C. Hageluken, B.K. Reck, S.F. Sibley, G. Sonnemann
2011, Journal of Industrial Ecology (15) 355-366
The recycling of metals is widely viewed as a fruitful sustainability strategy, but little information is available on the degree to which recycling is actually taking place. This article provides an overview on the current knowledge of recycling rates for 60 metals. We propose various recycling metrics, discuss relevant aspects...
Reply to "Comment on 'A model of earthquake triggering probabilities and application to dynamic deformations constrained by ground motion observations' by Ross Stein"
J. Gomberg, K. Felzer
2011, Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth (116)
Millennial precipitation reconstruction for the Jemez Mountains, New Mexico, reveals changing drought signal
Ramzi Touchan, Connie A. Woodhouse, David M. Meko, Craig D. Allen
2011, International Journal of Climatology (31) 896-906
Drought is a recurring phenomenon in the American Southwest. Since the frequency and severity of hydrologic droughts and other hydroclimatic events are of critical importance to the ecology and rapidly growing human population of this region, knowledge of long-term natural hydroclimatic variability is valuable for resource managers and policy-makers. An...
Comparison of phenolic compounds and the effects of invasive and native species in East Asia: Support for the novel weapons hypothesis
Y.-O. Kim, E.J. Lee
2011, Ecological Research (26) 87-94
One prediction of the novel weapons hypothesis (NWH) for the dominance of exotic invasive plant species is that the allelopathic effects of successful invaders will, in general, be more biochemically inhibitory to native species and microbes in invaded regions than the native plants themselves. However, no study has compared biochemical...
Comparison and analysis of empirical equations for soil heat flux for different cropping systems and irrigation methods
A. Irmak, Ramesh K. Singh, Elizabeth Walter-Shea, S.B. Verma, A.E. Suyker
2011, Transactions of the ASABE (54) 67-80
We evaluated the performance of four models for estimating soil heat flux density (G) in maize (Zea mays L.) and soybean (Glycine max L.) fields under different irrigation methods (center-pivot irrigated fields at Mead, Nebraska, and subsurface drip irrigated field at Clay Center, Nebraska) and rainfed conditions at Mead. The...
Organic geochemical investigation and coal-bed methane characteristics of the Guasare coals (Paso Diablo mine, western Venezuela)
K. Quintero, M. Martinez, P. Hackley, G. Marquez, G. Garban, I. Esteves, M. Escobar
2011, Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization and Environmental Effects (33) 959-971
The aim of this work was to carry out a geochemical study of channel samples collected from six coal beds in the Marcelina Formation (Zulia State, western Venezuela) and to determine experimentally the gas content of the coals from the Paso Diablo mine. Organic geochemical analyses by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry...
Analysis of passive surface-wave noise in surface microseismic data and its implications
F. Forghani-Arani, M. Willis, S. Haines, M. Batzle, M. Davidson
2011, SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts (30) 1493-1498
Tight gas reservoirs are projected to be a major portion of future energy resources. Because of their low permeability, hydraulic fracturing of these reservoirs is required to improve the permeability and reservoir productivity. Passive seismic monitoring is one of the few tools that can be used to characterize the changes...
The challenge of interpreting environmental tracer concentrations in fractured rock and carbonate aquifers
Allen M. Shapiro
2011, Hydrogeology Journal (19) 9-12
No abstract available....
The ShakeOut earthquake source and ground motion simulations
R.W. Graves, Douglas B. Houston, K.W. Hudnut
2011, Earthquake Spectra (27) 273-291
The ShakeOut Scenario is premised upon the detailed description of a hypothetical Mw 7.8 earthquake on the southern San Andreas Fault and the associated simulated ground motions. The main features of the scenario, such as its endpoints, magnitude, and gross slip distribution, were defined through expert opinion and incorporated information...
An 1800-yr record of decadal-scale hydroclimatic variability in the upper Arkansas River basin from bristlecone pine
C.A. Woodhouse, G.T. Pederson, S.T. Gray
2011, Quaternary Research (75) 483-490
Bristlecone pine trees are exceptionally long-lived, and with the incorporation of remnant material have been used to construct multi-millennial length ring-width chronologies. These chronologies can provide valuable information about past temperature and moisture variability. In this study, we outline a method to build a moisture-sensitive bristlecone chronology and assess the...
Evidence for predatory control of the invasive round goby
C.P. Madenjian, M.A. Stapanian, L.D. Witzel, D.W. Einhouse, S.A. Pothoven, H.L. Whitford
2011, Biological Invasions (13) 987-1002
We coupled bioenergetics modeling with bottom trawl survey results to evaluate the capacity of piscivorous fish in eastern Lake Erie to exert predatory control of the invading population of round goby Neogobius melanostomus. In the offshore (>20 m deep) waters of eastern Lake Erie, burbot Lota lota is a native...
Rift Valley fever virus infection in African Buffalo (Syncerus caffer) herds in rural South Africa: Evidence of interepidemic transmission
A.D. LaBeaud, P.C. Cross, W.M. Getz, A. Glinka, C.H. King
2011, American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene (84) 641-646
Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV) is an emerging biodefense pathogen that poses significant threats to human and livestock health. To date, the interepidemic reservoirs of RVFV are not well defined. In a longitudinal survey of infectious diseases among African buffalo during 2000-2006, 550 buffalo were tested for antibodies against RVFV...
Characterization of winter foraging locations of Adélie penguins along the Western Antarctic Peninsula, 2001–2002
Eric S. Erdmann, Christine Ribic, Donna L. Patterson-Fraser, William R. Fraser
2011, Deep-Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography (58) 1710-1718
In accord with the hypotheses driving the Southern Ocean Global Ocean Ecosystems Dynamics (SO GLOBEC) program, we tested the hypothesis that the winter foraging ecology of a major top predator in waters off the Western Antarctic Peninsula (WAP), the Adélie penguin (Pygoscelis adeliae), is constrained by oceanographic features related to...
Challenges of using electrical resistivity method to locate karst conduits-A field case in the Inner Bluegrass Region, Kentucky
J. Zhu, J.C. Currens, J.S. Dinger
2011, Journal of Applied Geophysics (75) 523-530
Conduits serve as major pathways for groundwater flow in karst aquifers. Locating them from the surface, however, is one of the most challenging tasks in karst research. Geophysical methods are often deployed to help locate voids by mapping variations of physical properties of the subsurface. Conduits can cause significant contrasts...
Temperature-associated population diversity in salmon confers benefits to mobile consumers
Casey P. Ruff, Daniel E. Schindle, Jonathan B. Armstrong, Kale T. Bentle, Gabriel T. Brooks, Gordon W. Holtgrieve, Molly T. McGlauflin, Christian E. Torgersen, James E. Seeb
2011, Ecology (92) 2073-2084
Habitat heterogeneity can generate intraspecific diversity through local adaptation of populations. While it is becoming increasingly clear that population diversity can increase stability in species abundance, less is known about how population diversity can benefit consumers that can integrate across population diversity in their prey. Here we demonstrate cascading effects...
