An ecosystem-scale model for the spread of a host-specific forest pathogen in the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem
J.A. Hatala, M.C. Dietze, R.L. Crabtree, Katherine C. Kendall, D. Six, P.R. Moorcroft
2011, Ecological Applications (21) 1138-1153
The introduction of nonnative pathogens is altering the scale, magnitude, and persistence of forest disturbance regimes in the western United States. In the high-altitude whitebark pine (Pinus albicaulis) forests of the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem (GYE), white pine blister rust (Cronartium ribicola) is an introduced fungal pathogen that is...
Sexual difference in mercury concentrations of lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) from Lake Ontario
C.P. Madenjian, M.J. Keir, D.M. Whittle
2011, Chemosphere (83) 903-908
We determined total mercury (Hg) concentrations in 50 female lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) and 69 male lake trout from Lake Ontario (Ontario, Canada and New York, United States). Results showed that, on average, males were 8% higher in Hg concentration than females in Lake Ontario. We also used bioenergetics modeling...
Performance of ground-penetrating radar on granitic regoliths with different mineral composition
J.M. Breiner, James A. Doolittle, Radley M. Horton, R.C. Graham
2011, Soil Science (176) 435-440
Although ground-penetrating radar (GPR) is extensively used to characterize the regolith, few studies have addressed the effects of chemical and mineralogical compositions of soils and bedrock on its performance. This investigation evaluated the performance of GPR on two different granitic regoliths of somewhat different mineralogical composition in the San Jacinto...
Herpetofauna of the cedar glades and associated habitats of the Inner Central Basin of middle Tennessee
M.L. Niemiller, Reynolds R. Graham, B.M. Glorioso, J. Spiess, B.T. Miller
2011, Herpetological Conservation and Biology (6) 127-141
The cedar glades and barrens of the Inner Central Basin (ICB) of middle Tennessee support a unique and diverse flora and fauna and represent some of the state's most valued natural areas. We conducted herpetofaunal inventories of the cedar glades, associated barrens, cedar-hardwood forest, and adjacent aquatic habitats of the...
Polar bear population status in the northern Beaufort Sea, Canada, 1971-2006
I. Stirling, T. L. McDonald, E.S. Richardson, E.V. Regehr, Steven C. Amstrup
2011, Ecological Applications (21) 859-876
Polar bears (Ursus maritimus) of the northern Beaufort Sea (NB) population occur on the perimeter of the polar basin adjacent to the northwestern islands of the Canadian Arctic Archipelago. Sea ice converges on the islands through most of the year. We used open-population capture–recapture models to estimate population size...
Estimating tiger abundance from camera trap data: Field surveys and analytical issues
K. Ullas Karanth, James D. Nichols
Allan F. O’Connell, James D. Nichols, K. Ullas Karanth, editor(s)
2011, Book chapter, Camera traps in animal ecology
Automated photography of tigers Panthera tigris for purely illustrative purposes was pioneered by British forester Fred Champion (1927, 1933) in India in the early part of the Twentieth Century. However, it was McDougal (1977) in Nepal who first used camera traps, equipped with single-lens reflex cameras activated by pressure pads,...
Inference for occupancy and occupancy dynamics
Allan F. O’Connell, Larissa L. Bailey
Allan F. O’Connell, James D. Nichols, K. Ullas Karanth, editor(s)
2011, Book chapter, Camera traps in animal ecology
This chapter deals with the estimation of occupancy as a state variable to assess the status of, and track changes in, species distributions when sampling with camera traps. Much of the recent interest in occupancy estimation and modeling originated from the models developed by MacKenzie et al. (2002, 2003), although...
Estimation of demographic parameters in a tiger population from long-term camera trap data
K. Ullas Karanth, James D. Nichols
Allan F. O’Connell, James D. Nichols, K. Ullas Karanth, editor(s)
2011, Book chapter, Camera traps in animal ecology
Chapter 7 (Karanth et al.) illustrated the use of camera trapping in combination with closed population capture–recapture (CR) models to estimate densities of tigers Panthera tigris. Such estimates can be very useful for investigating variation across space for a particular species (e.g., Karanth et al. 2004) or variation among species...
Benthic macroinvertebrate and fish communities in Lake Huron are linked to submerged groundwater vents
Sanders T. Garrison, B.A. Biddanda, Craig A. Stricker, S.C. Nold
2011, Aquatic Biology (12) 1-12
Groundwater can be an important source of nutrients and energy to aquatic ecosystems, but quantifying the inputs and biogeochemical importance remains challenging. A series of submerged groundwater vents in northern Lake Huron were examined to determine the linkage between groundwater nutrients and aquatic food webs. We collected samples of key...
Science, conservation, and camera traps
James D. Nichols, K. Ullas Karanth, Allan F. O’Connel
Allan F. O’Connell, James D. Nichols, K. Ullas Karanth, editor(s)
2011, Book chapter, Camera traps in animal ecology: Methods and analyses
Biologists commonly perceive camera traps as a new tool that enables them to enter the hitherto secret world of wild animals. Camera traps are being used in a wide range of studies dealing with animal ecology, behavior, and conservation. Our intention in this volume is not to simply present the...
Permafrost-associated natural gas hydrate occurrences on the Alaska North Slope
Timothy S. Collett, Myung W. Lee, Warren F. Agena, John J. Miller, Kristen A. Lewis, M.V. Zyrianova, R. Boswell, T.L. Inks
2011, Marine and Petroleum Geology (28) 279-294
In the 1960s Russian scientists made what was then a bold assertion that gas hydrates should occur in abundance in nature. Since this early start, the scientific foundation has been built for the realization that gas hydrates are a global phenomenon,...
Late Quaternary environmental change inferred from phytoliths and other soil-related proxies: Case studies from the central and southern Great Plains, USA
C.E. Cordova, W.C. Johnson, R.D. Mandel, M.W. Palmer
2011, Catena (85) 87-108
This study investigates stable carbon isotopes (δ13C), opal phytolith assemblages, burnt phytoliths, microscopic charcoal and Sporormiella spores from modern soils and paleosols in Kansas and Oklahoma. Grass and dicot phytoliths in combination with δ13C are used as proxies for reconstructing the structure of grasslands and woodlands. Burnt grass phytoliths and microscopic charcoal...
Diversity and distribution of white-tailed deer mtDNA lineages in chronic wasting disease (CWD) outbreak areas in southern Wisconsin, USA
K.G. Rogers, S.J. Robinson, M.D. Samuel, D.A. Grear
2011, Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part A (74) 1521-1535
Chronic wasting disease (CWD) is a transmissible spongiform encephalopathy affecting North American cervids. Because it is uniformly fatal, the disease is a major concern in the management of white-tailed deer populations. Management programs to control CWD require improved knowledge of deer interaction, movement, and population connectivity that could influence disease...
Overview and status of the witchweed (striga asiatica) eradication program in the Carolinas
Richard D. Iverson, Randy G. Westbrooks, Robert E. Eplee, Alan V. Tasker
2011, Book chapter, Invasive plant management issues and challenges in the United States: 2011 Overview
Witchweed [(Striga asiatica (L.) O. Kuntze)] is a parasitic weed from Asia and Africa that attaches to the roots of grasses and grass crops such as corn and sorghum. Witchweed was first detected in the western hemisphere in a corn field in Columbus County, North Carolina, in July, 1956. Since that...
Coal resources for part of the Wilcox group (Paleocene-Eocene), northeast Texas
Peter D. Warwick, Claire E. Aubourg, Steven M. Podwysocki, Adam C. Schultz
Peter D. Warwick, Alexander K. Karlsen, Matthew D. Merrill, Brett J. Valentine, editor(s)
2011, Book chapter, Geologic assessment of coal in the Gulf of Mexico coastal plain
The Wilcox Group of northeast Texas contains shallow (less than 500 ft) coal deposits that are mined for use in mine-mouth electric power generating plants. The coal deposits, which are lignite in apparent rank (Pierce et al., 2011), are separated from similar shallow coal deposits in the Sabine uplift area...
The relative importance of physicochemical factors to stream biological condition in urbanizing basins: Evidence from multimodel inference
Daren M. Carlisle, Wade L. Bryant Jr.
2011, Freshwater Science (31) 154-166
Many physicochemical factors potentially impair stream ecosystems in urbanizing basins, but few studies have evaluated their relative importance simultaneously, especially in different environmental settings. We used data collected in 25 to 30 streams along a gradient of urbanization in each of 6 metropolitan areas (MAs) to evaluate the relative importance...
A review of lignite resources of western Tennessee and the Jackson Purchase area, western Kentucky
Paul C. Hackley, Peter D. Warwick, Roger E. Thomas, Douglas J. Nichols
Peter D. Warwick, Alexander K. Karlsen, Matthew D. Merrill, Brett J. Valentine, editor(s)
2011, Book chapter, Geologic assessment of coal in the Gulf of Mexico coastal plain
This review of the lignite deposits of western Tennessee and the Jackson Purchase area in western Kentucky (Figure 1) is an updated report on part of the U.S. Geological Survey's National Coal Resource Assessment of the Gulf Coastal Plain Coal Province (see Ruppert et al., 2002; Hackley et al., 2006;...
Introduction: Tectonics, volcanism, and stratigraphy within the evolving transform margin north of San Francisco Bay, California
Victoria E. Langenheim, Donald S. Sweetkind
2011, Geosphere (7) 597-598
No abstract available....
Overview and history of the Beach Vitex Task Force: An interagency partnership in action
Randy G. Westbrooks, Elizabeth N. Brabson
2011, Book chapter, Invasive plant management issues and challenges in the United States: 2011 Overview
Beach vitex (Vitex rotundifolia L. f.), a woody vine from Korea, was introduced into the United States as a dune stabilization plant in the mid-1980s. By the mid- to late-1990s, Beach vitex was observed spreading from landscape plantings along the South Carolina coast, crowding out native dune species. In 2003, in...
Documenting channel features associated with gas hydrates in the Krishna-Godavari Basin, offshore India
M. Riedel, Timothy S. Collett, Ude Shankar
2011, Marine Geology (279) 1-11
During the India National Gas Hydrate Program (NGHP) Expedition 01 in 2006 significant sand and gas hydrate were recovered at Site NGHP-01-15 within the Krishna–Godavari Basin, East Coast off India. At the drill site NGHP-01-15, a 5–8 m thick interval was found that is characterized by higher sand content than anywhere...
Long term retention, survival, growth, and physiological indicators of salmonids marked with passive integrated transponder tags
Kenneth G. Ostrand, Gayle B. Zydlewski, William L. Gale, Joseph D. Zydlewski
2011, American Fisheries Society Symposium (76) 1-11
To track individuals in situ, over 12 million salmon and trout have been marked with passive integrated transponder (PIT) tags in the Columbia River Basin, USA. However, few studies have examined long term tag retention as well as tag effects on juvenile salmon and trout. We marked juvenile coho salmon...
Molecular insights into the biology of Greater Sage-Grouse
Sara J. Oyler-McCance, Thomas W. Quinn
2011, Book chapter, Greater Sage-Grouse: Ecology and conservation of a landscape species and its habitats
Recent research on Greater Sage-Grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus) genetics has revealed some important findings. First, multiple paternity in broods is more prevalent than previously thought, and leks do not comprise kin groups. Second, the Greater Sage-Grouse is genetically distinct from the congeneric Gunnison sage-grouse (C. minimus). Third, the Lyon-Mono population in...
Sea otter abundance in Kenai Fjords national Park: Results from the 2010 aerial survey
Heather A. Coletti, James L. Bodkin, George G. Esslinger
2011, Report
A sea otter aerial survey was completed in Kenai Fjords National Park (KEFJ) during June of 2010. This was the third aerial survey completed since 2002 along the Kenai Peninsula, the second specifically conducted within KEFJ. Survey methodology followed the Bodkin and Udevitz (1999) method which accounts for imperfect detection....
Low strength of deep San Andreas fault gouge from SAFOD core
David A. Lockner, Carolyn A. Morrow, Diane E. Moore, Stephen H. Hickman
2011, Nature (472) 82-86
The San Andreas fault accommodates 28–34 mm yr−1 of right lateral motion of the Pacific crustal plate northwestward past the North American plate. In California, the fault is composed of two distinct locked segments that have produced great earthquakes in historical times, separated by a 150-km-long creeping zone. The San Andreas Fault Observatory...
Geodetic slip model of the 2011 M9.0 Tohoku earthquake
Frederick Pollitz, Roland Burgmann, Paramesh Banerjee
2011, Geophysical Research Letters (38)
The three-dimensional crustal displacement field as sampled by GPS is used to determine the coseismic slip of the 2011 M9.0 Tohoku Earthquake. We employ a spherically layered Earth structure and use a combination of onland GPS, out to ∼4000 km from the rupture, and offshore GPS, which samples the high-slip...
