The efficacy of salvage logging in reducing subsequent fire severity in conifer-dominated forests of Minnesota, USA
S. Fraver, T. Jain, J.B. Bradford, A.W. D’Amato, D. Kastendick, B. Palik, D. Shinneman, J. Stanovick
2011, Ecological Applications (21) 1895-1901
Although primarily used to mitigate economic losses following disturbance, salvage logging has also been justified on the basis of reducing fire risk and fire severity; however, its ability to achieve these secondary objectives remains unclear. The patchiness resulting from a sequence of recent disturbances—blowdown, salvage logging, and wildfire—provided an excellent...
The elusive character of discontinuous deep-water channels: New insights from Lucia Chica channel system, offshore California
K.L. Maier, A. Fildani, C. K. Paull, S.A. Graham, T.R. McHargue, D.W. Caress, Mary McGann
2011, Geology (39) 327-330
New high-resolution autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV) seafloor images, with 1 m lateral resolution and 0.3 m vertical resolution, reveal unexpected seafloor rugosity and low-relief (<10 m), discontinuous conduits over ∼70 km2. Continuous channel thalwegs were interpreted originally from lower-resolution images, but newly acquired AUV data indicate that a single sinuous...
Biogeochemical processes on tree islands in the greater everglades: Initiating a new paradigm
P.R. Wetzel, Fred H. Sklar, C.A. Coronado, T.G. Troxler, S.L. Krupa, P.L. Sullivan, S. Ewe, R.M. Price, S. Newman, William H. Orem
2011, Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology (41) 670-701
Scientists’ understanding of the role of tree islands in the Everglades has evolved from a plant community of minor biogeochemical importance to a plant community recognized as the driving force for localized phosphorus accumulation within the landscape. Results from this review suggest that tree transpiration, nutrient infiltration from the soil...
Evaluating gull diets: A comparison of conventional methods and stable isotope analysis
Emily L. Weiser, Abby N. Powell
2011, Journal of Field Ornithology (82) 297-310
Samples such as regurgitated pellets and food remains have traditionally been used in studies of bird diets, but these can produce biased estimates depending on the digestibility of different foods. Stable isotope analysis has been developed as a method for assessing bird diets that is not biased by digestibility. These...
Geologic framework influences on the geomorphology of an anthropogenically modified barrier island: Assessment of dune/beach changes at Fire Island, New York
Erika E. Lentz, Cheryl Hapke
2011, Geomorphology (126) 82-96
Antecedent geology plays a crucial role in determining the inner-shelf, nearshore, and onshore geomorphology observed in coastal systems. However, the influence of the geologic framework on a system is difficult to extract when evaluating responses to changes due to storms and anthropogenic modifications, and few studies have quantified the potential...
Notes on the origin of inertinite macerals in coal: Evidence for fungal and arthropod transformations of degraded macerals
J.C. Hower, J.M.K. O’Keefe, C.F. Eble, A. Raymond, B. Valentim, T.J. Volk, A.R. Richardson, Anne B. Satterwhite, R.S. Hatch, J.D. Stucker, M.A. Watt
2011, International Journal of Coal Geology (86) 231-240
The role of fungus in the formation of coal macerals, both as a primary contributor in the form of a fungus fossil/maceral funginite, and in their role in degrading wood, thus producing degraded maceral forms, has been established. Fungus, in the course of breaking down the lignin and cellulose in wood,...
Improving national-scale invasion maps: Tamarisk in the western United States
Catherine S. Jarnevich, P. Evangelista, Thomas J. Stohlgren, Jeffrey T. Morisette
2011, Western North American Naturalist (71) 164-175
New invasions, better field data, and novel spatial-modeling techniques often drive the need to revisit previous maps and models of invasive species. Such is the case with the at least 10 species of Tamarix, which are invading riparian systems in the western United States and expanding their range throughout...
Quantification of a male sea lamprey pheromone in tributaries of Laurentian Great Lakes by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry
X. Xi, N.S. Johnson, C.O. Brant, S.-S. Yun, K.L. Chambers, A.D. Jones, W. Li
2011, Environmental Science & Technology (45) 6437-6443
We developed an assay for measuring 7α,12α,24-trihydroxy-5a-cholan-3-one-24-sulfate (3kPZS), a mating pheromone released by male sea lampreys (Petromyzon marinus), at low picomolar concentrations in natural waters to assess the presence of invasive populations. 3kPZS was extracted from streamwater at a rate of recovery up to 90% using a single cation-exchange and...
Monitoring the dynamics of an invasive emergent macrophyte community using operational remote sensing data
Thomas P. Albright, D.J. Ode
2011, Hydrobiologia (661) 469-474
Potamogeton crispus L. (curly pondweed) is a cosmopolitan aquatic macrophyte considered invasive in North America and elsewhere. Its range is expanding and, on individual water bodies, its coverage can be dynamic both within and among years. In this study, we evaluate the use of free and low-cost satellite...
Enhancement of long period components of recorded and synthetic ground motions using InSAR
J.A. Abell, J. Carlos de la Llera, Charles W. Wicks Jr.
2011, Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering (31) 817-829
Tall buildings and flexible structures require a better characterization of long period ground motion spectra than the one provided by current seismic building codes. Motivated by that, a methodology is proposed and tested to improve recorded and synthetic ground motions which are consistent with the observed co-seismic displacement field...
Mid Holocene lake level and shoreline behavior during the Nipissing phase of the upper Great Lakes at Alpena, Michigan, USA
T.A. Thompson, K. Lepper, A.L. Endres, J.W. Johnston, S.J. Baedke, E.P. Argyilan, R.K. Booth, D.A. Wilcox
2011, Journal of Great Lakes Research (37) 567-576
The Nipissing phase was the last pre-modern high-water stage of the upper Great Lakes. Represented as either a one- or two-peak highstand, the Nipissing occurred following a long-term lake-level rise. This transgression was primarily an erosional event with only the final stage of the transgression preserved as barriers, spits, and strandplains...
Probing magnetic bottom and crustal temperature variations along the Red Sea margin of Egypt
D. Ravat, A. Salem, A.M.S. Abdelaziz, E. Elawadi, P. Morgan
2011, Tectonophysics (510) 337-344
Over 50 magnetic bottom depths derived from spectra of magnetic anomalies in Eastern Egypt along the Red Sea margin show variable magnetic bottoms ranging from 10 to 34 km. The deep magnetic bottoms correspond more closely to the Moho depth in the region, and not the depth of 580 °C, which lies...
Human dignity in concept and practice
D.J. Mattson, S.G. Clark
2011, Policy Sciences (44) 303-319
Dignity seems to be something that virtually all people want. It is a seminal expression of the human experience that gains authority through the convergent demands of people worldwide. Even so, the human dignity concept is in unhelpful disarray. Dignity is variously viewed as an antecedent, a consequence, a value,...
Demographic and genetic status of an isolated population of bog turtles (Glyptemys muhlenbergii): Implications for managing small populations of long-lived animals
Shannon E. Pittman, T.L. King, S. Faurby, M.E. Dorcas
2011, Conservation Genetics (12) 1589-1601
In this study, we sought to determine the population stability and genetic diversity of one isolated population of the federally-threatened bog turtle (Glyptemys muhlenbergii) in North Carolina. Using capture–recapture data, we estimated adult survival and population growth rate from 1992 to 2007. We found that the population decreased from an...
Adaptive management of natural resources-framework and issues
Byron K. Williams
2011, Journal of Environmental Management (92) 1346-1353
Adaptive management, an approach for simultaneously managing and learning about natural resources, has been around for several decades. Interest in adaptive decision making has grown steadily over that time, and by now many in natural resources conservation claim that...
Study design and sampling intensity for demographic analyses of bear populations
R.B. Harris, C.C. Schwartz, R.D. Mace, M.A. Haroldson
2011, Ursus (22) 24-36
The rate of population change through time (??) is a fundamental element of a wildlife population's conservation status, yet estimating it with acceptable precision for bears is difficult. For studies that follow known (usually marked) bears, ?? can be estimated during some defined time by applying either life-table or matrix...
Using a semi-natural stream to produce young sturgeons for conservation stocking: Maintaining natural selection during spawning and rearing
B. Kynard, D. Pugh, T. Parker, Micah Kieffer
2011, Journal of Applied Ichthyology (27) 420-424
Young sturgeons used for conservation stocking are presently produced using the same methods used for commercial culture. To determine if young sturgeons could be produced without relaxing natural selection factors, we developed a semi‐natural stream where we annually studied mating of wild shortnose sturgeon (Acipenser brevirostrum) observed movement of gametes...
Comparison of Bayesian clustering and edge detection methods for inferring boundaries in landscape genetics
T. Safner, Mark P. Miller, B.H. McRae, M.-J. Fortin, S. Manel
2011, International Journal of Molecular Sciences (12) 865-889
Recently, techniques available for identifying clusters of individuals or boundaries between clusters using genetic data from natural populations have expanded rapidly. Consequently, there is a need to evaluate these different techniques. We used spatially-explicit simulation models to compare three spatial Bayesian clustering programs and two edge detection methods. Spatially-structured populations...
Ground-Motion Prediction Equations (GMPEs) from a global dataset: The PEER NGA equations
David M. Boore
Sinan Akkar, Polat Gulkan, Torild van Eck, editor(s)
2011, Book chapter, Earthquake Data in Engineering Seismology: Predictive Models, Data Management, and Networks
The PEER NGA ground-motion prediction equations (GMPEs) were derived by five developer teams over several years, resulting in five sets of GMPEs. The teams used various subsets of a global database of ground motions and metadata from shallow earthquakes in tectonically active regions in the development of the equations. Since...
2011 statistical abstract of the United States
Joseph M. Krisanda
2011, Report
<p>The <i>Statistical Abstract of the United States</i>, published since 1878, is the authoritative and comprehensive summary of statistics on the social, political, and economic organization of the United States.</p> <br/> <p>Use the Abstract as a convenient volume for statistical reference, and as a guide to sources of more information both...
Seasonal distribution of Gulf of Mexico sturgeon in the pensacola bay system, Florida
M.S. Duncan, B.M. Wrege, Frank M. Parauka, J. Jeffery Isely
2011, Journal of Applied Ichthyology (27) 316-321
Temporal and spatial distributions of Gulf of Mexico (Gulf) sturgeon Acipenser oxyrinchus desotoi were assessed in the Pensacola bay system, Florida, using stationary ultrasonic telemetry. Fifty‐eight Gulf sturgeon were tagged within the Escambia (n = 26), Yellow (n = 8), Blackwater (n = 12) and Choctawhatchee Rivers (n = 12) in June, July, September and October, 2005. Fifty‐four Gulf sturgeon...
Remote sensing of vegetation pattern and condition to monitor changes in everglades biogeochemistry
John Jones
2011, Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology (41) 64-91
Ground-based studies of biogeochemistry and vegetation patterning yield process understanding, but the amount of information gained by ground-based studies can be greatly enhanced by efficient, synoptic, and temporally resolute monitoring afforded by remote sensing. The variety of presently available Everglades vegetation maps reflects both the wide range of application requirements...
Continuity of Landsat observations: Short term considerations
Michael A. Wulder, Joanne C. White, Jeffery G. Masek, John L. Dwyer, David P. Roy
2011, Remote Sensing of Environment (115) 747-751
As of writing in mid-2010, both Landsat-5 and -7 continue to function, with sufficient fuel to enable data collection until the launch of the Landsat Data Continuity Mission (LDCM) scheduled for December of 2012. Failure of one or both of Landsat-5 or -7 may result in a lack of Landsat...
Trophic ecology and gill raker morphology of seven catostomid species in Iowa rivers
J.R. Spiegel, M.C. Quist, J.E. Morris
2011, Journal of Applied Ichthyology (27) 1159-1164
Understanding the trophic ecology of closely‐related species is important for providing insight on inter‐specific competition and resource partitioning. Although catostomids often dominate fish assemblages in lotic systems, little research has been conducted on their ecology. This study was developed to provide information on the trophic ecology of catostomids in several...
Pressure waves in a supersaturated bubbly magma
I. Kurzon, V. Lyakhovsky, O. Navon, B. Chouet
2011, Geophysical Journal International (187) 421-438
We study the interaction of acoustic pressure waves with an expanding bubbly magma. The expansion of magma is the result of bubble growth during or following magma decompression and leads to two competing processes that affect pressure waves. On the one hand, growth in vesicularity leads to increased damping and...
