Clinical pathology and assessment of pathogen exposure in southern and Alaskan sea otters
K.D. Hanni, J.A.K. Mazet, F.M.D. Gulland, James A. Estes, M. Staedler, M.J. Murray, Melissa A. Miller, David A. Jessup
2003, Journal of Wildlife Diseases (39) 837-850
The southern sea otter (Enhydra lutris nereis) population in California (USA) and the Alaskan sea otter (E. lutris kenyoni) population in the Aleutian Islands (USA) chain have recently declined. In order to evaluate disease as a contributing factor to the declines, health assessments of these two sea otter populations were...
Monitoring in the nearshore: A process for making reasoned decisions
James L. Bodkin, T.A. Dean
2003, Report, EVOS Restoration Project 030687 Final Report
Over the past several years, a conceptual framework for the GEM nearshore monitoring program has been developed through a series of workshops. However, details of the proposed monitoring program, e.g. what to sample, where to sample, when to sample and at how many sites, have yet to be determined. In...
Formation and evolution of valley-bottom and channel features, Lower Deschutes River, Oregon
Janet H. Curran, Jim E. O’Conner
Jim E. O’Conner, Gordon E. Grant, editor(s)
2003, AGU Water Science and Application Series 7-5
Primary geologic and geomorphic processes that formed valley-bottom and channel features downstream from the Pelton-Round Butte dam complex are inferred from a canyon-long analysis of feature morphology, composition, location, and spatial distribution. Major controls on valley-bottom morphology are regional tectonics, large landslides, and outsized floods (floods with return periods greater...
A new species of Moraria (Crustacea: Copepoda: Harpacticoida) from the Laurentian Great Lakes
Janet W. Reid, Lynn T. Lesko
2003, Zootaxa (205) 1-19
Moraria hudsoni n. sp. is described from Trails End Bay in Lake Michigan and Prentiss Bay in Lake Huron, Michigan, USA. The new species differs from its congeners in chaetotaxy, body ornamentation, and other characters. We review published records of members of Moraria from North and Central America;...
Source model for the Mw 6.7, 23 October 2002, Nenana Mountain earthquake (Alaska) from InSAR
Tim J. Wright, Z. Lu, Charles Wicks
2003, Geophysical Research Letters (30) 12-1-12-4
The 23 October 2002 Nenana Mountain Earthquake (Mw ∼ 6.7) occurred on the Denali Fault (Alaska), to the west of the Mw ∼ 7.9 Denali Earthquake that ruptured the same fault 11 days later. We used 6 interferograms, constructed using radar images from the Canadian Radarsat-1 and European ERS-2 satellites,...
Estimating lava volume by precision combination of multiple baseline spaceborne and airborne interferometric synthetic aperture radar: The 1997 eruption of Okmok Volcano, Alaska
Z. Lu, E. Fielding, M.R. Patrick, C. M. Trautwein
2003, IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing (41) 1428-1436
Interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) techniques are used to calculate the volume of extrusion at Okmok volcano, Alaska by constructing precise digital elevation models (DEMs) that represent volcano topography before and after the 1997 eruption. The posteruption DEM is generated using airborne topographic synthetic aperture radar (TOPSAR) data where a...
Metamorphic origin of ore-forming fluids for orogenic gold-bearing quartz vein systems in the North American Cordillera: constraints from a reconnaissance study of δ15N, δD, and δ18O
Y. Jia, R. Kerrich, R. Goldfarb
2003, Economic Geology (98) 109-123
The western North American Cordillera hosts a large number of gold-bearing quartz vein systems from the Mother Lode of southern California, through counterparts in British Columbia and southeastern Alaska, to the Klondike district in central Yukon. These vein systems are structurally controlled by major fault zones, which are often reactivated...
Observations of a live Glaucous-winged Gull chick in an active Bald Eagle nest
R.G. Anthony, J.T. Faris
2003, The Wilson Bulletin (115) 481-483
We report an apparent nonlethal predation attempt on and subsequent adoption of a Glaucous-winged Gull (Larus glaucescens) chick by a pair of Bald Eagles (Haliaeetus leucocephalus) in the Aleutian Archipelago, Alaska. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of a live Glaucous-winged Gull chick...
The importance of genetic verification for determination of Atlantic salmon in north Pacific waters
J.L. Nielsen, I. Williams, G. Kevin Sage, Christian E. Zimmerman
2003, Journal of Fish Biology (62) 871-878
Genetic analyses of two unknown but putative Atlantic salmon Salmo salar captured in the Copper River drainage, Alaska, demonstrated the need for validation of morphologically unusual fishes. Mitochondrial DNA sequences (control region and cytochrome b) and data from two nuclear genes [first internal transcribed spacer (ITS-1) sequence and growth hormone...
Depositional environments and processes in Upper Cretaceous nonmarine and marine sediments, Ocean Point dinosaur locality, North Slope, Alaska
R. L. Phillips
2003, Cretaceous Research (24) 499-523
A 178-m-thick stratigraphic section exposed along the lower Colville River in northern Alaska, near Ocean Point, represents the uppermost part of a 1500 m Upper Cretaceous stratigraphic section. Strata exposed at Ocean Point are assigned to the Prince Creek and Schrader Bluff formations. Three major depositional environments are identified consisting,...
Immobilization of free-ranging male pacific walruses (Odobenus rosmarus divergens) with carfentanil citrate and naltrexone hydrochloride
Daniel M. Mulcahy, P.A. Tuomi, Gerald W. Garner, Chadwick V. Jay
2003, Marine Mammal Science (19) 846-850
The major challenges in immobilization of free-ranging walruses (Odobenus rosmarus divergens) are to produce a deep level of anesthesia very quickly (to avoid darted animals from entering the water and drowning), and to find a drug or drug combination that requires only a small volume to be delivered by dart,...
Are corticosterone levels a good indicator of food availability and reproductive performance in a kittiwake colony?
Richard B. Lanctot, Scott A. Hatch, Verena A. Gill, Marcel Eens
2003, Hormones and Behavior (43) 489-502
We evaluated the use of corticosterone to gauge forage availability and predict reproductive performance in black-legged kittiwakes (Rissa tridactyla) breeding in Alaska during 1999 and 2000. We modeled the relationship between baseline levels of corticosterone and a suite of individual and temporal characteristics of the sampled birds. We also provided supplemental food...
Statistical power for detecting trends with applications to seabird monitoring
Scott A. Hatch
2003, Biological Conservation (111) 317-329
Power analysis is helpful in defining goals for ecological monitoring and evaluating the performance of ongoing efforts. I examined detection standards proposed for population monitoring of seabirds using two programs (MONITOR and TRENDS) specially designed for power analysis of trend data. Neither program models within- and among-years components of variance...
A late quaternary record of eolian silt deposition in a maar lake, St. Michael Island, western Alaska
D.R. Muhs, T. A. Ager, J. Been, J.P. Bradbury, W.E. Dean
2003, Quaternary Research (60) 110-122
Recent stratigraphic studies in central Alaska have yielded the unexpected finding that there is little evidence for full-glacial (late Wisconsin) loess deposition. Because the loess record of western Alaska is poorly exposed and not well known, we analyzed a core from Zagoskin Lake, a maar lake on St. Michael Island,...
Variable migratory patterns of different adult rainbow trout life history types in a southwest Alaska watershed
Julie M. Meka, E. Eric Knudsen, David C. Douglas, Robert B. Benter
2003, Transactions of the American Fisheries Society (132) 717-732
Radiotelemetry was used to document population structure in adult rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss from the Alagnak River, southwest Alaska. Rainbow trout (N = 134) longer than 440 mm were implanted with radio transmitters and tracked for varying periods from July 1997 to April 1999. Fifty-eight radio-tagged fish were tracked for...
Advection, pelagic food webs and the biogeography of seabirds in Beringia
John F. Piatt, Alan M. Springer
2003, Marine Ornithology: Journal of Seabird Research and Conservation (31) 141-154
Despite its great distance from productive shelf-edge habitat, the inner shelf area of the Bering Sea, from St. Lawrence Island to the Bering Strait, supports a surprisingly large number (>5 million) of seabirds during summer, mostly small plantivorous auklets (65%) and large piscivorous murres (19%) and kittiwakes (5%). This paradox...
Incubation behaviour of Greater Scaup Aythya marila on the Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta, Alaska
Paul L. Flint
2003, Wildfowl (54) 71-79
This study examined the incubation behaviour of Greater Scaup Aythya marila on the Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta, Alaska. The goals of the study were to describe the incubation behaviour of Greater Scaup in terms of incubation constancy, recess frequency and recess length. The use of endogenous reserves by Greater Scaup was examined...
Metal dispersion and mobility in soils from the Lik Zn-Pb-Ag massive sulphide deposit, NW Alaska: Environmental and exploration implications
K.D. Kelley, D. L. Kelley
2003, Geochemistry: Exploration, Environment, Analysis (3) 179-195
The Lik deposit in northern Alaska is a largely unexposed shale-hosted Zn-Pb-Ag massive sulphide deposit that is underlain by continuous permafrost. Residual soils overlying the mineralized zone have element enrichments that are two to six times greater than baseline values. The most prominent elements are Ag, Mo, P, Se, Sr,...
The slow advance of a calving glacier: Hubbard Glacier, Alaska, U.S.A
D.C. Trabant, R. M. Krimmel, K.A. Echelmeyer, S.L. Zirnheld, D.H. Elsberg
2003, Annals of Glaciology (36) 45-50
Hubbard Glacier is the largest tidewater glacier in North America. In contrast to most glaciers in Alaska and northwestern Canada, Hubbard Glacier thickened and advanced during the 20th century. This atypical behavior is an important example of how insensitive to climate a glacier can become during parts of the calving...
Interannual growth dynamics of vegetation in the Kuparuk River watershed, Alaska based on the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index
A.S. Hope, W.L. Boynton, D.A. Stow, David C. Douglas
2003, International Journal of Remote Sensing (24) 3413-3425
Interannual above-ground production patterns are characterized for three tundra ecosystems in the Kuparuk River watershed of Alaska using NOAA-AVHRR Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) data. NDVI values integrated over each growing season (SINDVI) were used to represent seasonal production patterns between 1989 and 1996. Spatial differences in ecosystem production were...
Geochemistry of the Johnson River, Lake Clark National Park and Preserve, Alaska
Timothy P. Brabets, James R. Riehle
2003, Water-Resources Investigations Report 2003-4252
The Johnson River Basin, located in Lake Clark National Park and Preserve, drains an area of 96 square miles. A private inholding in the upper part of the basin contains a gold deposit that may be developed in the future. To establish a natural baseline to compare potential effects on...
Isotopic composition of carbon dioxide from a boreal forest fire: Inferring carbon loss from measurements and modeling
E.A.G. Schuur, S.E. Trumbore, M.C. Mack, J.W. Harden
2003, Global Biogeochemical Cycles (17)
Fire is an important pathway for carbon (C) loss from boreal forest ecosystems and has a strong effect on ecosystem C balance. Fires can range widely in severity, defined as the amount of vegetation and forest floor consumed by fire, depending on local fuel and climatic conditions. Here we...
Multiple seismogenic processes for high-frequency earthquakes at Katmai National Park, Alaska: Evidence from stress tensor inversions of fault-plane solutions
Seth C. Moran
2003, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (93) 94-108
The volcanological significance of seismicity within Katmai National Park has been debated since the first seismograph was installed in 1963, in part because Katmai seismicity consists almost entirely of high-frequency earthquakes that can be caused by a wide range of processes. I investigate this issue by determining 140 well-constrained first-motion...
Detecting denning polar bears with forward looking infra-red imagery (FLIR)
Steven C. Amstrup, Geoff Weston-York, T. L. McDonald, R. Neilsen, Kristin S. Simac, George M. Durner
2003, Conference Paper, Ninth information transfer meeting and Barrow information update meeting: Final proceedings (MMS 2003-042)
Polar bears give birth in snow dens in mid winter, and remain in dens until early spring. Survival and development of neonates is dependent on the stable environment within the maternal den. Petroleum related activities currently span approximately 200 km of the Alaskan Beaufort Sea coastal area. New and proposed...
The use of sea ice habitat by female polar bears in the Beaufort Sea
George M. Durner, Steven C. Amstrup, Ryan M. Nielson, Trent McDonald
2003, Conference Paper, Ninth information transfer meeting and Barrow information update meeting: Final proceedings (MMS 2003-042)
Polar bears (Ursus maritimus) depend on ice-covered seas to satisfy life history requirements. Modern threats to polar bears include oil spills in the marine environment and changes in ice composition resulting from climate change. Managers need practical models that explain the distribution of bears in order to assess the impacts...
